排序方式: 共有20条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
海洋贝类利用模式生命周期评价方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
首次将产品生命周期评价方法(LCA)应用于海洋贝类利用模式上。根据海洋贝类利用技术产业发展的特性和趋势,设计构建了由确定目标和范围、清单分析、影响评价3个步骤组成的评价体系,挑选了具有典型代表的2种扇贝利用模式进行评价,对其生产过程中的资源消耗、固体废弃物、富营养化、温室效应、酸化影响和潜在影响进行对比评价。评价结果显示其中资源消耗、温室效应、酸化影响、潜在健康影响的影响潜值模式2(产品模式为扇贝柱、复合氨基酸、鱼虾饵料和贝壳工艺品)比模式1(产品模式为扇贝柱、食用贝边、鱼虾鲜饵料和饲料添加剂)低;而固体废弃物、富营养化的影响潜值,模式2比模式1高。本评价方法可用于选择和优化海洋贝类的绿色化高值利用模式。研究表明,利用文章提出的海洋贝类利用评价方法可以有效掌握贝类利用的整个过程的环境行为,确定其中优化资源、节省能源和减少污染的关键步骤,为优化利用模式提供基础数据支持。 相似文献
3.
4.
Oyster peptides were produced from Crassostrea hongkongensis and used as a new protein source for the preparation of an oyster peptide-based enteral nutrition formula (OPENF). Reserpine-induced malabsorption mice and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice were used in this study. OPENF powder is light yellow green and has a protein-fat-carbohydrate ratio of 16:9:75 with good solubility in water. A pilot study investigating immune functional impacts of the OPENF on mice show that the OPENF enhanced spleen lymphocyte proliferation and the activity of natural killer (NK) cells in BALB/c mice. Furthermore, OPENF can improve intestinal absorption, increase food utilization ratio, and maintain the normal physiological function of mice. These results suggest that oyster peptides could serve as a new protein source for use in enteral nutrition formula, but more importantly, also indicate that OPENF has an immunostimulating effect in mice. 相似文献
5.
6.
控释海水植物肥中氮、磷的测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为评价控释肥的肥效,探讨、建立了相应的氮、磷测定方法。用硫酸作消解剂,消解液可以同时被用来测定氮、磷。钼锑抗坏血酸络合物作为显色剂,用紫外可见分光光度计测定磷的浓度;用改良式微量凯氏定氮蒸馏滴定法测定氮的含量。该方法灵敏、准确,易操作。用海水浸泡自制的控释海水植物肥样品(编号:MRF-0201.中速型),运用建立的氮、磷测定方法测定浸取液中的氮、磷含量,实验证明该方法可以用于研究控释海水植物肥在海水中的氮、磷的化学动力学行为。 相似文献
7.
8.
Printing and dyeing industry is a considerable source of environmental contamination. In this study treatment of printing
and dyeing wastewater with a new type of sewage treatment agent, fly-ash coated with chitosan particles (FCCP), was examined.
The effects of pH, stirring time, sedimentation time and temperature on color, COD, turbidity and NH3-N removal were determined. The optimum dosage of FCCP and the influence of individual factors on removal efficiency were
tested. The optimum parameters determined using the L16(45) orthogonal experiment were as follows: FCCP (weight ratio of chitosan to fly-ash 1:6) dosage, 4 g·L−1; temperature, 35°C; pH, 4. The stirring time and sedimentation time were 20 min and 5 h, respectively. Under these optimum
conditions, the color, COD and NH3-N removal ratios were 97%, 80% and 75%, respectively. 相似文献
9.
我国蕴藏着丰富的海洋生物资源,海洋生物资源的可持续利用是全球科技创新中最具实效性和创新性的领域之一。介绍了"十一五"期间我国在海洋生物领域的科技布局和成果产出;分析了我国海洋生物领域科技发展的制约因素:理论体系不完善、稳定经费投入不足、科研平台支撑能力薄弱、人才队伍培养力度不强、产品集成开发亟待提升;提出了海洋生物领域科技发展战略对策和建议:关注重大基础性科学问题和技术问题、加大科技投入和提高利用效率、重视科研条件平台建设、引进高水平领军人才和培养中青年科研骨干、重视新型海洋生物制品的研发和宣传。 相似文献
10.
A new enzyme (alkaline protease 894) obtained from the marine extremophile Flavobacterium yellowsea (YS-80-122) has exhibited strong substrate-binding and catalytic activity, even at low temperature, but the characteristics of the hydrolysis with this enzyme are still unclear. The pearl oyster Pinctada martensii was used in this study as the raw material to illustrate the kinetic properties of protease 894. After investigating the intrinsic relationship between the degree of hydrolysis and several factors, including initial reaction pH, temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and hydrolysis time, the kinetics model was established. This study showed that the optimal conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis were an initial reaction pH of 5.0, temperature of 30°C, substrate concentration of 10% (w/v), enzyme concentration of 2 500 U/g, and hydrolysis time of 160 min. The kinetic characteristics of the protease for the hydrolysis of P. martensii were obtained. The inactivation constant was found to be 15.16/min, and the average relative error between the derived kinetics model and the actual measurement was only 3.04%, which indicated a high degree of fitness. Therefore, this study provides a basis for the investigation of the concrete kinetic characteristics of the new protease, which has potential applications in the food industry. 相似文献