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以石羊河流域下游——民勤绿洲为研究区域，通过野外采样、实地调查和实验分析，对不同土地利用类型下（耕地、林地、草地、湿地、盐碱地、撂荒地和荒漠）土壤的水盐特征进行研究，结果表明研究区土壤含水率整体偏低，范围为5.35%~20.58%，土壤含盐量的平均值为47.02 g·kg-1，盐渍化程度严重。土壤含水率和含盐量表现为中等变异性，说明其易受到气候、地形、水文地质以及人为活动的影响。不同土地利用类型下土壤水盐的垂直分布差异显著，土壤含水率在垂直方向上的变化特征较为复杂，但含盐量在垂直方向上主要表现为“表聚型”和“振荡型”。民勤绿洲各土层土壤水盐的水平分布均呈条带状分布,土壤含水率整体表现出西高东低，南高北低，而土壤含盐量则表现出相反的趋势。 相似文献
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Land surface emissivity is one of the important parameters in temperature inversion from thermal infrared remote sensing. Using MOD11C3 of Terra-MODIS L3 level products, spatio-temporal data sets of land surface emissivity in China for 10 years from 2001 to 2010 are obtained. The results show that the land surface emissivity in the northwest desert region is the lowest in China, with little seasonal variations. In contrast, there are significant seasonal variations in land surface emissivity in northeast China and northern Xinjiang, the Qing-hai-Tibet Plateau, the Yangtze River Valley and the eastern and southern China. In winter, the land surface emissivity in the northeast China and northern Xinjiang is relatively high. The land surface emissivity of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region is maintained at low value from November to March, while it becomes higher in other months. The land surface emissivity of the Yangtze River Valley, eastern and southern China, and Sichuan Basin varies from July to October, and peaks in August. Land surface emissivity values could be divided into five levels: low emissivity (0.6163-0.9638), moderate-low emissivity (0.9639-0.9709), moderate emis-sivity (0.9710-0.9724), moderate-high emissivity (0.9725-0.9738), and high emissivity (0.9739-0.9999). The percentages of areas with low emissivity, moderate-low emissivity and moderate emissivity are, respectively, about 20%, 10% and 20%. The moderate-high emis-sivity region makes up 40%-50% of China’s land surface area. The inter-annual variation of moderate-high emissivity region is also very clear, with two peaks (in spring and autumn) and two troughs (in summer and winter). The inter-annual variation of the high emissivity region is very significant, with a peak in winter (10%), while only 1% or 2% in other seasons. There is a clear association between the spatio-temporal distribution of China’s land surface emissivity and temperature: the higher the emissivity, the lower the temperature, and vice versa. Emis-sivity is an inherent property of any object, but the precise value of its emissivity depends very much on its surrounding environmental factors. 相似文献
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近10 年我国地表比辐射率的时空变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于Terra-MODIS L3 级产品MOD11C3,得到2001-2010 年10 年我国地表比辐射率时空数据集。结果表明,我国地表比辐射率最小的区域是西北沙漠地带,该区域比辐射率一年四季变化不大、分布范围固定。东北地区和北疆地区、青藏高原地区、长江中下游和华东华南地区等区域比辐射率变化明显。冬季,东北地区、北疆地区地表比辐射率比较大。青藏高原地区11 月-次年3 月维持在一个中低比辐射率水平,其他月份比辐射率则呈现增大趋势。长江中下游、华东、华南和四川盆地地区的比辐射率7-10 月减小,其中8 月份面积达到最大。低比辐射率区(0.6163~0.9638)、中低比辐射率区(0.9639~0.9709)、中比辐射率区(0.9710~0.9724)所占面积都不大,分别维持在20%、10%、20%左右;中高比辐射率区(0.9725~0.9738) 所占范围最大,达到我国陆地面积的40%~50%,且变化十分明显,表现出明显的波峰、波谷变化,春季和秋季是波峰、夏季和冬季是波谷;高比辐射率区(0.9739~0.9999) 面积变化也很明显,冬季是一个明显的波峰,面积可达10%,而其他季节则维持在1%、2%以下。我国地表比辐射率时空分布与温度之间呈现一定的相关关系,比辐射率越高、气温越低。 相似文献
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