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Bioassessment Techniques for Monitoring of Eutrophication and Nutrient Limitation in Coastal Ecosystems 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Bioassesment by the use of the macroalga, Ulva lactuca L., was carried out in the Limfjord, Denmark, to assess the significance of nitrogen and phosphorus as limiting factors for primary production during 1985, 1993, 1994 and 1995 and for the detection of changes in eutrophication levels.
Minimum and critical tissue concentrations for nitrogen and phosphorus in macroalgae were identified. The concentrations of nitrogen were generally below the critical concentration level in June–October in 1985, 1993, and 1995 but in 1994 nitrogen was only limiting for primary production in short periods. Only in early spring in 1985 and 1993 were the tissue concentrations of phosphorus below the critical concentration level, whereas in 1994 up to 3–4 months showed phosphorus limited growth, indicating that significant changes in limitation patterns can occur between different years.
It was concluded that the use of biomonitoring techniques is well suited as a bioassessment method for direct detection and for providing a time-integrated measure of nutrient availability in coastal waters, and thus for assessing ecosystem health with regard to eutrophication. It is recommended that biomonitors and the concept of critical tissue concentrations should be used in environmental management and incorporated in future monitoring programmes. 相似文献
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Abstract. The possible effects of fine-grained deposits on the photosynthesis, growth, and nutrient uptake of Laminaria have been studied in field and laboratory experiments. Some of the plants were treated with fine-grained material for two hours and then transplanted in rows together with untreated plants. At two-week intervals the treatment was repeated and samples collected. The macroalgae were analyzed for growth as well as chlorophyll a , nitrogen, and phosphorus content. In the laboratory experiments, plants of a uniform size were incubated in Plexiglas containers after leaf-marking and treatment in a sediment suspension. At weekly intervals, photosynthesis, growth, chlorophyll a , and nutrients were analyzed.
The field study showed that Laminaria growth was significantly affected by the fine-grained material. The growth in the control experiment was 20% higher than in the treated plants. The chlorophyll a concentrations in the treated plants were significantly lower than in the control experiment, and the results indicated a reduced nutrient uptake in the treated plants. In the laboratory experiments the growth of the treated plants was only 30% of the controls, but no differences in photosynthetic capacities were detected. Nitrogen uptake was reduced in the treated plants, but no effects were observed on phosphorus uptake. Thick layers of fine-grained material caused direct harmful effects and rotting.
The results are discussed in relation to dredging activities; it is concluded that in heavy sedimentation areas, Laminaria growth may be significantly reduced beyond the indirect effect of shading from suspended material in the water. 相似文献
The field study showed that Laminaria growth was significantly affected by the fine-grained material. The growth in the control experiment was 20% higher than in the treated plants. The chlorophyll a concentrations in the treated plants were significantly lower than in the control experiment, and the results indicated a reduced nutrient uptake in the treated plants. In the laboratory experiments the growth of the treated plants was only 30% of the controls, but no differences in photosynthetic capacities were detected. Nitrogen uptake was reduced in the treated plants, but no effects were observed on phosphorus uptake. Thick layers of fine-grained material caused direct harmful effects and rotting.
The results are discussed in relation to dredging activities; it is concluded that in heavy sedimentation areas, Laminaria growth may be significantly reduced beyond the indirect effect of shading from suspended material in the water. 相似文献
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湘西沃溪W-Sb-Au矿床白钨矿Nd-Sr-Pb同位素对成矿流体的示踪 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
本文对湘西沃溪W-Sb-Au矿床白钨矿进行了系统的Nd-Sr-Pb同位素分析。结果表明,白钨矿的Sm、Nd含量较低,147Sm/144Nd(0.64~1.27)值和Sm/Nd值(1.11~2.22)变化较大,其εNd(t=199Ma)值也很低,平均为-25.5(n=9);白钨矿的87Sr/86Sr值(0.7476~0.7504)高,平均为0.74961(n=11),代表白钨矿形成时的初始87Sr/86Sr(t=199Ma)值;逐级分离Pb同位素分析结果显示白钨矿的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb值变化范围小,平均依次分别为18.11、15.61、38.6,与含金石英脉中黄铁矿、蚀变围岩及区域板溪群板岩等的相应Pb同位素比值基本一致。白钨矿Nd-Sr-Pb同位素组成和闪锌矿等其他矿物的Sr同位素特征指示成矿流体来自板溪群下伏成熟陆壳、深部花岗质岩浆、浅部赋矿围岩等源区。成矿流体是这些来自不同源区的流体相作用而形成的混合流体。成矿作用则是这些不同源区的流体混合作用并演化的结果。且成矿流体演化早期是来自下伏成熟陆壳的流体与来自赋矿围岩的流体混合,导致早期W成矿;晚期是来自深部花岗质岩浆的流体与浅部赋矿围岩的流体混合作用,导致晚期Sb-Au成矿。W-Sb-Au成矿则是中生代陆内碰撞造山体制下不同期次的流体演化和叠加作用的结果。 相似文献
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Carbon and Strontium Isotopes of Late Palaeozoic Marine Carbonates in the Upper Yangtze Platform,Southwest China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Huang Sijing Zhou Shaohua State Key Laboratory of Oil Gas Reservoir Geology Exploitation Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu Sichuan China Geological Institute University of Copenhagen Oster Voldgade DK- Copenhagen K Denmark 《《地质学报》英文版》1997,71(3):282-292
238 marine carbonate samples were collected from seven sedimentary sections ofthe entire late Palaeozoic (Permian, Carboniferous and Devonian) in the Upper Yangtze Plat-form, southwest China. Based on the absence of cathodoluminescence and very low Mn (gener-ally<50 ppm) contents of the samples, it is thought that they contain information on the orig-inal sea water geochemistry. The results of isotopic analyses of these samples are presented interms of δ~(13)C and ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios versus geological time. The strontium data, consistent withother similar data based on samples from North America, Europe, Africa and other areas inAsia, support the notion of a global consistency in strontium isotope composition of marinecarbonates. The strontium data exhibit three intervals of relatively low ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios in thelate Middle Devonian to early Late Devonian, Early Carboniferous and Early Permian, corre-sponding to global eustatic high sea level stands. The lowest ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratio recorded in theLate Permian was probably caused by substantial basalt eruptions in the Upper Yangtze Plat-form at the time. Three corresponding periods of relatively high δ~(13)C values at roughly the samethe intervals were caused by a relatively high rate of accumulation of organic carbon duringsea level rises at these times. The deposition of coal was probably responsible for the increaseof sea water δ~(13)C at other times. The δ~(13)C values drop dramatically near theDevonian/Carboniferous, Carboniferous/Permian and Permian/Triassic boundaries, con-sistent with other similar data, which further support the notion that geological time boundariesare associated with mass extinction and subsequent rejuvenation. 相似文献
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The concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn were determined in above- and belowground parts of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) at forty stations in a shallow, brackish water area (the Limfjord, Denmark). The concentrations of the trace metals were significantly elevated near the cities of Aalborg (Pb, Cu) and Struer (Cd). Trace metal concentrations in above and belowground parts of eelgrass were log-normal distributed and the concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn in aboveground parts were significantly higher than in belowground parts. Furthermore, a significant correlation between trace metal concentrations in above- and belowground parts was found. The background level of trace metal concentrations in eelgrass in the Limfjord was estimated.The application of eelgrass as a monitoring organism is discussed; it is suggested that the concentration of some trace metals in above- and belowground parts of eelgrass may be used as a measure of the bioavailable fraction of these trace metals in ambient and interstitial water (sediment), respectively. 相似文献
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QUADRATIC PLS REGRESSION 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
AGNAR HSKULDSSON 《地理学报(英文版)》1992,(6)
We treat here an extension of linear PLS regression to include regression on quadratic PLS components.The quadratic regression can be viewed as a natural extension of linear PLS regression to quadratic PLSaccording to the H-principle of mathematical modelling.The numerical implementation is treated indetail.It is shown that this approach can be used for models with large numbers of variables.Somemodelling strategies are discussed depending on the purpose of the modelling.Applications of thisapproach are treated. 相似文献
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