Uncertainties in parameters of landslide susceptibility models often hinder them from providing accurate spatial and temporal predictions of landslide occurrences. Substantial contribution to the uncertainties in landslide assessment originates from spatially variable geotechnical and hydrological parameters. These input parameters may often vary significantly through space, even within the same geological deposit, and there is a need to quantify the effects of the uncertainties in these parameters. This study addresses this issue with a new three-dimensional probabilistic landslide susceptibility model. The spatial variability of the model parameters is modeled with the random field approach and coupled with the Monte Carlo method to propagate uncertainties from the model parameters to landslide predictions (i.e., factor of safety). The resulting uncertainties in landslide predictions allow the effects of spatial variability in the input parameters to be quantified. The performance of the proposed model in capturing the effect of spatial variability and predicting landslide occurrence has been compared with a conventional physical-based landslide susceptibility model that does not account for three-dimensional effects on slope stability. The results indicate that the proposed model has better performance in landslide prediction with higher accuracy and precision than the conventional model. The novelty of this study is illustrating the effects of the soil heterogeneity on the susceptibility of shallow landslides, which was made possible by the development of a three-dimensional slope stability model that was coupled with random field model and the Monte Carlo method.
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N. Emir 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1994,22(6):280-288
This research has been undertaken to determine the zooplanktonic fauna (Rotatoria, Crustacea) and their seasonal distribution in two lakes with different characters. Çavu?cu lake has a surface area of 1000 ha with a maximum depth of 4 m and is classified as an oligo-mesotrophic lake. Eber lake has a surface area of 5200…17000 ha with a maximum depth of 2.5 m and is classified as an eutrophic lake. Zooplankton samples have been collected seasonally between the period of 1990 to 1993 from three stations with a zooplankton net of 44 μm mesh size. From Çavu?cu lake totally 50 Rotifera, 2 Copepoda, and 7 Cladocera species; 49 phytoplankton genera and 5 macrophytes have been identified while, 37 Rotifera, 3 Copepoda, 5 Cladocera; 45 phytoplankton genera and 6 macrophytes have been identified from Eber lake. 13 new rotifer records for the Turkey were found, which were Brachionus diversicornis, Macrochaetus collinsi, Lecane stichaeta, Cephalodella sterea, Cephalodella auriculata, Trichocerca iernis, Encentrum saundersiae. Pompholyx complanata, Floscularia ringens, Conochilus natans, Filinia pejleri, Rotaria rotatoria, and Philodina megalotrocha. 相似文献
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In Anatolia, throughout the centuries, caverns in tuffs have been used for food storage. The aim of this study is to investigate experimentally the dehumidification property of tuffs, and to confirm whether tuffs play any part in the humidity of the ecosystem in storage. According to tests carried out on the Eskisehir?CDerbent Ciftligi white tuffs and six different rock types from Turkey, it was found that the atmospheric moisture absorption ability of tuffs is relatively higher than those of other tested rocks. This suggests that the dehumidification property is a unique characteristic of tuffs. It may allow for the tuff walls to work as an air dehumidifier for storing food. 相似文献
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The spatial correlation length (SCL), or the scale of fluctuation, is a parameter for describing the spatial variability of soil and one of the important parameters used in random field theory. Studies reporting the spatial correlation length based on real field data of offshore/nearshore sea bottom soils are rather limited in the literature, so in this study, the vertical spatial correlation length is determined using site investigation data from two sites of the southern coast of Turkey. Based on quite extensive data, the vertical spatial correlation length is estimated using four different autocovariance functions. The values are within typical ranges reported in the literature for similar soil groups, both onshore and offshore. It is also noted that the widely-used exponential function almost always gives the lowest value of spatial correlation length. The results of this study add to the database of spatial correlation lengths based on real data and could be useful for future studies on reliability assessment of offshore foundations using random finite element method. 相似文献
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Jeremy Severinsen Femke Reitsma Emir Hartato 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(8):1683-1701
Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) has emerged as a large, up-to-date, and easily accessible data source. VGI can allow authoritative mapping agencies to undertake continuous improvement of their own data, adding a currency dimension previously unattainable due to high associated costs. VGI also benefits scientific and social research by facilitating quick and low-cost research data capture by the public. VGI, however, through its diversity of authorship, presents a quality assurance risk to the use of this data. This research presents a formulaic model that addresses VGI quality issues, by quantifying trust in VGI. Our ‘VGTrust’ model assesses information about a data author, and the spatial and temporal trust associated with the data they create, to produce an overall VGTrust rating metric. This metric is both easy to understand and interpret. A facilitated case study, ‘Building Our Footprints’ is presented which tests the feasibility of VGTrust model in a real-world data capture exercise run by Land Information New Zealand, New Zealand’s mapping organisation. By overcoming the trust issues in VGI, this research will allow the integration of VGI and authoritative data and potentially expand the application of VGI, thereby leveraging the power of the crowd for productive and innovative re-use. 相似文献
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