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GAO Qingzhu LI Yu&rsquo e WAN Yunfan LIN Erda XIONG Wei JIANGCUN Wangzha WANG Baoshan LI Wenfu 《地理学报》2006,16(2):165-173
This study selected vegetation cover as the main evaluation index, calculated the grassland degradation index (GDI) and established the remote sensing monitoring and evaluation system for grassland degradation in Northern Tibet, according to the National Standard (GB19377-2003), based on the remote sensing data such as NDVI data derived from NOAA/AVHRR with a spatial resolution of 8 km of 1981-2000, from SPOT/VGT with a spatial resolution of 1 km of 2001 and from MODIS with a spatial resolution of 0.25 km of 2002-2004 respectively in this area, in combination with the actual condition of grassland degradation. The grassland degradation processes and their responses to climate change during 1981-2004 were discussed and analyzed in this paper. The result indicated that grassland degradation in Northern Tibet is very serious, and the mean value of GDI in recent 20 years is 2.54 which belongs to the serious degradation grade. From 1981 to 2004, the GDI fluctuated distinctly with great interannual variations in the proportion of degradation degree and GDI but the general tendency turned to severe-grade during this period with the grassland degradation grade changed from light degraded to serious degraded in Northern Tibet. The extremely serious degraded and serious degraded grassland occupied 1.7% and 8.0% of the study area, the moderate and light degraded grassland accounted for 13.2% and 27.9% respectively, and un-degraded grassland occupied 49.2% of the total grassland area in 2004. The grassland degradation was serious, especially in the conjunctive area of Naqu, Biru and Jiali counties, the headstream of the Yangtze River lying in the Galadandong snow mountain and glaciers, the area along the Qinghai-Tibet highway and railway, and areas around the Tanggula and Nianqingtanggula snow mountains and glaciers. So the snow mountains and glaciers as well as their adjacent areas in Northern Tibet were sensitive to climate change and the areas along the vital communication line with frequent human activities experienced relatively serious grassland degradation. 相似文献
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Dynamics of alpine grassland NPP and its response to climate change in Northern Tibet 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Qingzhu Gao Yue Li Yunfan Wan Xiaobo Qin Wangzha Jiangcun Yinghui Liu 《Climatic change》2009,97(3-4):515-528
Based on the remote sensing and meteorological data collected from the 1981–2004 period, we calculated the alpine grassland Net Primary Productivity (NPP) in Northern Tibet using the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach (CASA), and subsequently analyzed the trend of grassland NPP changes and its response to climate change from 1981 to 2004. The results show that alpine grassland NPP in Northern Tibet was very low in the last 24 years with a relatively large yearly variation. Most of the grassland area (88.61%) in Northern Tibet did not show a significant annual NPP change. The area with a significant decrease of annual NPP variation accounted for only 11.30% of the total grasslands surface, whereas that with a significant increase accounted for 0.09%. In recent years, the precipitation variation in Northern Tibet resulted in an increase of grassland NPP, though solar radiation resulted in decreased grassland NPP. During the 1981–2004 period, total solar radiation, precipitation and temperature, with a decreasing impact magnitude factor, have impacted the grassland NPP in Northern Tibet. The impact of regional climate change on grassland NPP was overall more detrimental than positive. 相似文献
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沱沱河流域是长江的发源地之一,其广泛分布的多年冻土对长江源区的产汇流过程、生态系统乃至于区域气候都有着重要影响,对该区域多年冻土分布和特征的调查和了解,可为研究江河源区多年冻土与气候、水文、生态的相互作用关系提供基础数据支撑。2020年10—11月,研究团队对沱沱河源区的多年冻土开展了为期50天的野外调查工作,并在不同下垫面类型、不同地貌部位和不同海拔高度共布设钻孔32个,总钻进深度1 200 m。该文是基于钻孔和探坑资料对沱沱河源区多年冻土特征和地下冰发育状况的初步总结。结果显示,沱沱河源区多年冻土在一定程度上受河流和地热影响形成了局部融区,其多年冻土下界大致在4 650~4 680 m之间;钻孔揭示的多年冻土上限平均埋藏深度为（2.47±0.98） m,部分地区存在融化夹层;受浅表层沉积物岩性和地热的影响,多年冻土下限埋藏深度相对较浅,平均为19.3 m,多年冻土相对较薄,平均厚度为15.0 m;多年冻土下限深度和多年冻土的厚度最大为75.0 m和72.7 m;地形地貌、沉积物特征和地热条件是影响多年冻土厚度存在较大空间差异的主要原因。研究区内地下冰主要分布于15.0 m深度以上范围内,同时也发现了处于萎缩状态的冰核丘与石质冻胀丘,这些现象也一定程度上与该研究区多年冻土退化过程有关。 相似文献
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藏北地区草地退化的时空分布特征 总被引：51，自引：2，他引：49
根据草地退化国家标准和藏北地区草地退化实际情况以及遥感数据特征,选择草地植被盖度为草地退化的遥感监测指标,建立藏北地区草地退化遥感监测和评价指标体系,并对藏北地区近24年的草地退化进行遥感监测和评价。结果表明：藏北地区草地退化现状 (2004年) 十分严重,重度和极重度退化草地面积分别占草地总面积的8.0%和1.7%,区域草地退化指数 (GDI) 为1.86,接近中度退化等级;其中藏北地区冰川与雪山及其周围等气候变化较为敏感区域和交通要道沿线等人类活动较为频繁区域的草地退化相对严重;从1981年到2004年的近24年以来,藏北地区及其各个区域草地退化较为严重,其草地退化等级分布比例和草地退化指数年际波动较大,草地退化等级在轻度退化至重度退化等级之间波动;近几年藏北全地区总体草地退化情况及中部、东部和北部地区的草地退化具有更加严重的趋势,而西部地区草地退化状况则略有减缓趋势。 相似文献
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藏北地区草地退化的时空分布特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1 Introduction Commonly known as the “Weather System Sensitive Spot”, “Watertower of China” and “Rivershed”, the Naqu Prefecture of Northern Tibet is the source region of such major rivers as the Yangtze, the Nujiang and the Lancang in China (Gansu 相似文献
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藏北地区草地退化空间特征及其趋势分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
根据草地退化国家标准和藏北地区草地退化实际情况，结合藏北地区1981—2004年多年遥感监测数据以及其它相关数据，采用遥感手段和GIS技术，分析藏北地区草地退化与坡向、坡度和海拔高度之间的关系；并计算藏北地区草地退化趋势系数，对该地区草地退化空间特征的趋势进行了分析。结果表明：在藏北地区，草地退化主要发生在平地（坡度小于1°）草地，平地的草地退化趋势比坡地显著，阳坡的草地退化指数（GDI）大于阴坡。在草地面积最大的4 500～5 250 m的海拔高度范围内，草地退化明显，草地退化趋势也显著。
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