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1.
Andreas Pilger 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1950,38(2):139-144
Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Aufwölbungen im Eis der Wattenküste vor Büsum mit den von H. Cloos beschriebenen Beulen in der Erdoberfläche verglichen. Beide entstehen durch vertikalen Druck von unten ohne Sehnenverkürzung, in deren Folge sich Spalten im Scheitel der Gewölbe bilden. Die völlige übereinstimmung in Form und Entstehung beider Erscheinungen lä\t die Watteisbeulen als geeignetes Beispiel erscheinen, um den Werdegang der Gro\formen zu verfolgen. Die kurze Notiz von H. Cloos über einen Scheitelgraben im Eise (1948) erschien erst nach Abschlu\ dieses Aufsatzes. 相似文献
2.
Rex H. Pilger Jr. 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2012,33(2):149-168
Information theory and fractal analysis are the basis of a novel fitting criterion for simultaneous plate tectonic reconstructions of magnetic isochrons and fracture zone crossings of a range of ages, rather than a single isochron age. Accretionary boundaries are modeled as two-dimensional fractal structures including both contemporary spreading boundaries and reconstructed magnetic isochron and fracture zone crossings. Each model incorporates reconstruction parameters which describe the full accretionary history, including asymmetry. The reconstruction parameters are derived by spline interpolation in time of trial rotation pseudovectors, including variable asymmetric spreading between ridge segments. Iterative algorithms, without partial derivative constraints, converge on a nominally optimal model by minimizing the sum of two-dimensional fractal bins, over the range of bin-spacings, and produce thereby progressively refined fractal spectra. The new method can incorporate all isochron identifications from the selected plates and age range in the iterative calculation set. The solution set also provides continuous instantaneous rotation parameters, including asymmetries. An example data set illustrates the methodology and model results. 相似文献
3.
Additional Samples: Where They Should Be Located 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Information for mine planning requires to be close spaced, if compared to the grid used for exploration and resource assessment. The additional samples collected during quasimining usually are located in the same pattern of the original diamond drillholes net but closer spaced. This procedure is not the best in mathematical sense for selecting a location. The impact of an additional information to reduce the uncertainty about the parameter been modeled is not the same everywhere within the deposit. Some locations are more sensitive in reducing the local and global uncertainty than others. This study introduces a methodology to select additional sample locations based on stochastic simulation. The procedure takes into account data variability and their spatial location. Multiple equally probable models representing a geological attribute are generated via geostatistical simulation. These models share basically the same histogram and the same variogram obtained from the original data set. At each block belonging to the model a value is obtained from the n simulations and their combination allows one to access local variability. Variability is measured using an uncertainty index proposed. This index was used to map zones of high variability. A value extracted from a given simulation is added to the original data set from a zone identified as erratic in the previous maps. The process of adding samples and simulation is repeated and the benefit of the additional sample is evaluated. The benefit in terms of uncertainty reduction is measure locally and globally. The procedure showed to be robust and theoretically sound, mapping zones where the additional information is most beneficial. A case study in a coal mine using coal seam thickness illustrates the method. 相似文献
4.
Andreas Pilger 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1951,39(1):136-139
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
5.
Matthew R. Patrick John L. Smellie Andrew J. L. Harris Robert Wright Ken Dean Pavel Izbekov Harold Garbeil Eric Pilger 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2005,67(5):415-422
The MODVOLC satellite monitoring system has revealed the first recorded eruption of Mount Belinda volcano, on Montagu Island in the remote South Sandwich Islands. Here we present some initial qualitative observations gleaned from a collection of satellite imagery covering the eruption, including MODIS, Landsat 7 ETM+, ASTER, and RADARSAT-1 data. MODVOLC thermal alerts indicate that the eruption started sometime between 12 September and 20 October 2001, with low-intensity subaerial explosive activity from the islands summit peak, Mount Belinda. By January 2002 a small lava flow had been emplaced near the summit, and activity subsequently increased to some of the highest observed levels in August 2002. Observations from passing ships in February and March 2003 provided the first visual confirmation of the eruption. ASTER images obtained in August 2003 show that the eruption at Mount Belinda entered a new phase around this time, with fresh lava effusion into the surrounding icefield. MODIS radiance trends also suggest that the overall activity level increased significantly after July 2003. Thermal anomalies continued to be observed in MODIS imagery in early 2004, indicating a prolonged low-intensity eruption and the likely establishment of a persistent summit lava lake, similar to that observed on neighboring Saunders Island in 2001. Our new observations also indicate that lava lake activity continues on Saunders Island.Editorial responsibility: J. Gilbert 相似文献
6.
Vidicon data for the intensities of Balmer and Paschen lines for n = 11 to 18 indicate a line ratio within 1σ of the theoretical value of 3.27, calculated with the assumptions of an optically thin atmosphere and angular momentum substates populated according to their statistical weights. The observed value is not consistent with the value of 8 reported in some early work, or with the model that higher angular momentum states have low populations. 相似文献
7.
We developed and tested an automated algorithm that analyzes thermal infrared satellite time series data to detect and quantify
the excess energy radiated from thermal anomalies such as active volcanoes. Our algorithm enhances the previously developed
MODVOLC approach, a simple point operation, by adding a more complex time series component based on the methods of the Robust
Satellite Techniques (RST) algorithm. Using test sites at Anatahan and Kīlauea volcanoes, the hybrid time series approach
detected ~15% more thermal anomalies than MODVOLC with very few, if any, known false detections. We also tested gas flares
in the Cantarell oil field in the Gulf of Mexico as an end-member scenario representing very persistent thermal anomalies.
At Cantarell, the hybrid algorithm showed only a slight improvement, but it did identify flares that were undetected by MODVOLC.
We estimate that at least 80 MODIS images for each calendar month are required to create good reference images necessary for
the time series analysis of the hybrid algorithm. The improved performance of the new algorithm over MODVOLC will result in
the detection of low temperature thermal anomalies that will be useful in improving our ability to document Earth’s volcanic
eruptions, as well as detecting low temperature thermal precursors to larger eruptions. 相似文献
8.
Schwardt Michaela Pilger Christoph Gaebler Peter Hupe Patrick Ceranna Lars 《Surveys in Geophysics》2022,43(5):1265-1361
Surveys in Geophysics - The record of seismic, hydroacoustic, and infrasonic waves is essential to detect, identify, and localize sources of both natural and anthropogenic origin. To guarantee... 相似文献
9.
E. Blanc L. Ceranna A. Hauchecorne A. Charlton-Perez E. Marchetti L. G. Evers T. Kvaerna J. Lastovicka L. Eliasson N. B. Crosby P. Blanc-Benon A. Le Pichon N. Brachet C. Pilger P. Keckhut J. D. Assink P. S. M. Smets C. F. Lee J. Kero T. Sindelarova N. Kämpfer R. Rüfenacht T. Farges C. Millet S. P. Näsholm S. J. Gibbons P. J. Espy R. E. Hibbins P. Heinrich M. Ripepe S. Khaykin N. Mze J. Chum 《Surveys in Geophysics》2018,39(2):171-225
10.
Three- to six-day oscillations in the mesopause temperature have been observed all over the year. While these oscillations can be explained by planetary wave activity in wintertime, their summertime appearance is still under discussion.One effect possibly contributing to such summertime oscillations in the mesopause is acoustic heating. Infrasound generated by low-pressure areas or thunderstorm cells propagates into the upper atmosphere and deposits heat in this region. It is speculated that the oftentimes about weekly variation of low-pressure areas due to troposphere planetary wave activity is a potential source mechanism for mesopause temperature oscillations through infrasound as a transporting mechanism.The modeling structure of infrasound propagation as well as of acoustic heating is presented. It leads to the quantification of expected temperature fluctuations and acoustic heating rates at the mesopause height, which both appear to be too small to give a sole explanation for the 3–6-day oscillation. 相似文献