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Smita Sirohi 《Climatic change》2007,84(1):91-110
India is perceived to be one of the most attractive Non-Annex I countries for CDM project development. There are more than
350 projects in the CDM pipeline, largely in the areas of renewable energy, energy efficiency in industries and fossil fuel
switching. This paper examines the socio-economic component of sustainable development commitments of the CDM projects to
see if they can make any impact on rural poverty in India, since the goal of poverty alleviation lies at the core of the country’s
development priorities. The study concludes that CDM is not contributing to rural poverty alleviation to any notable extent.
Nearly all the projects have a business orientation and are not directed to the development of rural poor. Even the renewable
energy projects will have limited role in up-liftment of the masses below poverty line due to their weak resource base. For
CDM to emerge as a “win–win” strategy for poverty alleviation projects should be aimed at the rural communities and designed
to accelerate agricultural growth in the rainfed regions of the country. 相似文献
3.
S. Sankaran R. Rangarajan K. Krishna Kumar S. Saheb Rao Smita Vishwasrao Humbarde 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(4):757-764
A chemical factory near Ranipet town in Vellore district, in the state of Tamil Nadu, India produced chromium-based inorganic
chemicals. The factory area in granite gnessic terrain receives an average annual rainfall of 1,000 mm. About 1.5 lakh tons
of solid wastes rich in hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), spreading over an area of 14,000 m2 (about 3.5 acres), having about 4 m thickness, is accumulated in an open yard within the factory premises. The soil and groundwater
in and around the factory area are contaminated with Cr6+ leached from dump site. Cr6+ is carcinogenic in nature and when leached in water can lead to respiratory disorders. Resistivity surveys comprising vertical
electrical sounding, multielectrode resistivity imaging, drilling of bore wells, chemical analysis of soil, formation and
groundwater samples and bore hole tracer studies were carried out within the factory and adjoining areas to decipher subsurface
geology, hydraulic behavior of dyke as natural barrier and lateral and vertical extent of pollution zone in and around the
chromium dump site. The data obtained were integrated and interpreted for understanding the pollution migration and its impact
on environment. Remedial measures are suggested for containing the contamination. 相似文献
4.
Smita Mathur Gregory R. Sivakoff Rik J. Williams Fabrizio Nicastro 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2008,316(1-4):93-98
We describe the main features of the evolutionary code ATON 3.1 and its latest version, particularly deviced to be apt for follow up asteroseismology applications. An older version of the code including rotational evolution is also shortly described. 相似文献
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Jyotiranjan S. Ray Kanchan Pande Rajneesh Bhutani Anil D. Shukla Vinai K. Rai Alok Kumar Neeraj Awasthi R. S. Smitha Dipak K. Panda 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2013,166(6):1613-1632
The Newania carbonatite complex of India is one of the few dolomite-dominated carbonatites of the world. Intruding into Archean basement gneisses, the rocks of the complex have undergone limited diversification and are not associated with any alkaline silicate rock. Although the magmatic nature of the complex was generally accepted, its age of emplacement had remained equivocal because of the disturbed nature of radioisotope systems. Many questions about the nature of its mantle source and mode of origin had remained unanswered because of lack of geochemical and isotopic data. Here, we present results of our effort to date the complex using 147Sm–143Nd, 207Pb–206Pb and 40Ar–39Ar dating techniques. We also present mineral chemistry, major and trace element geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopic ratio data for these carbonatites. Our age data reveal that the complex was emplaced at ~1,473 Ma and parts of it were affected by a thermal event at ~904 Ma. The older 207Pb–206Pb ages reported here (~2.4 Ga) and by one earlier study (~2.3 Ga; Schleicher et al. Chem Geol 140:261–273, 1997) are deemed to be a result of heterogeneous incorporation of crustal Pb during the post-emplacement thermal event. The thermal event had little effect on many magmatic signatures of these rocks, such as its dolomite–magnesite–ankerite–Cr-rich magnetite–magnesio-arfvedsonite–pyrochlore assemblage, mantle like δ13C and δ18O and typical carbonatitic trace element patterns. Newania carbonatites show fractional crystallization trend from high-Mg to high-Fe through high-Ca compositions. The least fractionated dolomite carbonatites of the complex possess very high Mg# (≥80) and have similar major element oxide contents as that of primary carbonatite melts experimentally produced from peridotitic sources. In addition, lower rare earth element (and higher Sr) contents than a typical calcio-carbonatite and mantle like Nb/Ta ratios indicate that the primary magma for the complex was a magnesio-carbonatite melt and that it was derived from a carbonate bearing mantle. The Sr–Nd isotopic data suggest that the primary magma originated from a metasomatized lithospheric mantle. Trace element modelling confirms such an inference and suggests that the source was a phlogopite bearing mantle, located within the garnet stability zone. 相似文献
7.
~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar GEOCHRONOLGY OF THE OPHIOLITE OF INDUS SUTURE ZONE,LADAKH,INDIA:IMPLICATION FOR THE TIMING OF INITIATION OF THE COLLISION1 BeckRA ,BurbankDW ,etal.Nature,1995,373( 55) .
2 DeweyJF ,etal.EclogaegeolHelv ,1989,82 ( 717) .
3 RowleyDB .EarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters,1996 ,14 5( 1) .
4 SharmaKK .PhysicsandChemistryoftheEarth ,1990 ,17.
5 VenketasanTR ,PandeK ,GopalanK .EarthandPlanataryScienceLetters,1993… 相似文献
8.
Rajneesh Bhutani Kanchan Pande T. R. Venkatesan 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(4):737-754
New40Ar-39Ar thermochronological results from the Ladakh region in the India-Asia collision zone provide a tectono-thermal evolutionary
scenario. The characteristic granodiorite of the Ladakh batholith near Leh yielded a plateau age of 46.3 ± 0.6 Ma (2σ). Biotite from the same rock yielded a plateau age of 44.6 ± 0.3 Ma (2σ). The youngest phase of the Ladakh batholith, the leucogranite near Himya, yielded a cooling pattern with a plateau-like age
of ∼ 36 Ma. The plateau age of muscovite from the same rock is 29.8 ±0.2 Ma (2σ). These ages indicate post-collision tectono-thermal activity, which may have been responsible for partial melting within the
Ladakh batholith. Two basalt samples from Sumdo Nala have also recorded the post-collision tectono-thermal event, which lasted
at least for 8 MY in the suture zone since the collision, whereas in the western part of the Indus Suture, pillow lava of
Chiktan showed no effect of this event and yielded an age of emplacement of 128.2 ±2.6 Ma (2σ). The available data indicate that post-collision deformation led to the crustal thickening causing an increase in temperature,
which may have caused partial melting at the base of the thickened crust. The high thermal regime propagated away from the
suture with time. 相似文献
9.
Climate change poses formidable challenge to the development of livestock sector in India. The anticipated rise in temperature
between 2.3 and 4.8°C over the entire country together with increased precipitation resulting from climate change is likely
to aggravate the heat stress in dairy animals, adversely affecting their productive and reproductive performance, and hence
reducing the total area where high yielding dairy cattle can be economically reared. Given the vulnerability of India to rise
in sea level, the impact of increased intensity of extreme events on the livestock sector would be large and devastating for
the low-income rural areas. The predicted negative impact of climate change on Indian agriculture would also adversely affect
livestock production by aggravating the feed and fodder shortages. The livestock sector which will be a sufferer of climate
change is itself a large source of methane emissions, an important greenhouse gas. In India, although the emission rate per
animal is much lower than the developed countries, due to vast livestock population the total annual methane emissions are
about 9–10 Tg from enteric fermentation and animal wastes. 相似文献
10.
~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE SUTURE ZONE, LADAKH, INDIA1 TalatAhmedetal.GeochemicalJournal,1999.
2 HoneggerK ,etal.EarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters,1982 ,6 0 :2 53.
3 SearleMP ,etal.GeologicalSocietyofAmericaBulletin ,1987,98:6 78.
4 SharmaK ,K .PhysicsandChemistryoftheEarth ,1990 ,17( 2 ) :133.
5 Venkatesan ,etal.EarthandPlanetSciLett,1993,119:181.… 相似文献