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Nicholas Dodd 《中国海洋工程》1995,(2)
A nonlinear short-wave-averaged (surf beat) model is presented. The model is based on that of Roelvink (1993), but the numerical techniques used in the solution are based on the so-called weighted-averaged flux (WAF) method (eg Watson et al., 1992), with time-operator splitting used for the treatment of some of the source terms. This method allows a small number of computational points to be used, and is particularly efficient in modelling breaking long waves. The short-wave (or primary-wave) energy equation is solved using a more traditional Lax-Wendroff technique. Results of validation indicate that the model performs satisfactorily in most respects. 相似文献
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拉萨北部林周盆地林子宗火山岩层序新议 总被引:21,自引:4,他引:21
林子宗火山岩是西藏冈底斯地区典型的新生代火山岩,可分为3个组:典中组、年波组和帕那组,主要由玄武安山岩、安山岩、英安岩、粗安岩、钾玄岩、流纹岩和相应的火山碎屑岩夹灰岩、河湖相沉积岩组成。经过林周盆地火山地质填图,发现林子宗火山岩层序较原定层序复杂得多,其中在典中组原定的安山质一英安质火山岩的底部新发现了一套流纹质火山岩,顶部发现河湖相沉积;年波组在原定上部安山质火山岩中新厘定出钾玄质火山岩,在顶部发现了红色泥岩;帕那组的底部还发现了球粒流纹岩和枕状流纹质熔结凝灰岩。据此重新论述了西藏林周盆地林子宗火山岩的地层层序及区域变化特征,进一步划分出8个段,属3个火山喷发旋回的产物。林子宗火山岩的形成时代,典中组为61.45~64.43Ma,年波组54.07Ma,帕那组43.93~48.72Ma。 相似文献
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MO Xuanxue DONG Guochen ZHAO Zhidan GUO Tieying WANG Liangliang CHEN Tao 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(1):66-76
Abstract Abundant mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) extensively distribute in granitoids in the Gangdisê giant magmatic belt, within which the Qüxü batholith is the most typical MME‐bearing pluton. Systematic sampling for granodioritic host rock, mafic microgranular enclaves and gabbro nearby at two locations in the Qüxü batholith, and subsequent zircon SHRIMP II U‐Pb dating have been conducted. Two sets of isotopic ages for granodioritic host rock, mafic microgranular enclaves and gabbro are 50.4±1.3 Ma, 51.2±1.1 Ma, 47.0±1 Ma and 49.3±1.7 Ma, 48.9±1.1 Ma, 49.9±1.7 Ma, respectively. It thus rules out the possibilities of mafic microgranular enclaves being refractory residues after partial melting of magma source region, or being xenoliths of country rocks or later intrusions. Therefore, it is believed that the three types of rocks mentioned above likely formed in the same magmatic event, i.e., they formed by magma mixing in the Eocene (c. 50 Ma). Compositionally, granitoid host rocks incline towards acidic end member involved in magma mixing, gabbros are akin to basic end member and mafic microgranular enclaves are the incompletely mixed basic magma clots trapped in acidic magma. The isotopic dating also suggested that huge‐scale magma mixing in the Gangdisê belt took place 15–20 million years after the initiation of the India‐Asia continental collision, genetically related to the underplating of subduction‐collision‐induced basic magma at the base of the continental crust. Underplating and magma mixing were likely the main process of mass‐energy exchange between the mantle and the crust during the continental collision, and greatly contributed to the accretion of the continental crust, the evolution of the lithosphere and related mineralization beneath the portion of the Tibetan Plateau to the north of the collision zone. 相似文献
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Morphogenesis of a population of the marine euplotid ciliate, Uronychia binucleata, which was found in Yellow Sea coastal waters next to a sewage outfall at a beach near Zhanqiao Pier, Qingdao, China, was investigated using protargol staining. The main pattern of morphogenesis is typical for the genus and can be summarized as follows: 1) the oral primordium in both proter and opisthe develops de novo in a subcortical pouch. In each daughter cell, the developing adoral zone of membranelles divides into two parts. The new membranelles formed in the proter's oral primordium will replace the leftmost five parental ones; six parental membranelles are retained by the proter; 2) the undulating membranes anlage is formed and develops independently from the oral primordium within the same subcortical pouch; 3) five primary front oventral-transverse cirral anlagen appear de novo on the cell surface; 4) the marginal cirral anlagen are formed de novo; 5) the leftmost frontal cirrus develops de novo on the cell surface; 6) two caudal cirri are formed at the posterior end of the rightmost anlage while the second primordium from the right gives rise to the third caudal cirrus. In contrast to its congeners, the anlage of the leftmost frontal cirrus is formed to the right of the undulating membranes anlage and before the formation of the latter. 相似文献
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内蒙古阿拉善右旗石窝子―三个井地区位于华北板块西北缘与塔里木板块东北缘的结合部位,北部紧邻西伯利亚板块(郝立波等, 2004)。三级成矿带属于朱拉扎嘎―甲生盘元古代、古生代金、铅、锌、硫、铁、铜、铂、镍成矿带(Ⅲ12),四级成矿带属于朱拉扎嘎金成矿带(Ⅳ123)(内蒙古自治区地质矿产局, 1991)。区域上已发现的矿种主要有煤、盐湖、芒硝、铁、金、磷、石灰岩、石膏、膨润土、滑石、饰面花岗岩等,代表性矿床有叠布斯格、卡休他他铁矿,朱拉扎嘎金矿,脑木洪铜多金属矿等。 相似文献
10.
扎龙湿地是我国北方同纬度地区保留最完整、最原始、最开阔的湿地生态系统,地处中温带,属大陆性季风气候。为了探究其藻类植物群落的变化特征及其与水环境的关系,本文于2011年春、夏、秋季对扎龙湿地的藻类植物群落进行调查分析,共发现藻类植物349个分类单位(包括变种、变型),隶属于8门105属,藻类植物群落全年均以绿藻为主导,其组成呈绿藻-硅藻型。优势种中绿藻门主要以镰形纤维藻(Ankistrodesmus falcatus)和四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)为主,硅藻门以弯棒杆藻(Rhopalodia gibba)和隐头舟形藻(Navicula cryptocephala)为主,优势种组成具有明显的季节演替现象。藻类植物细胞密度呈现明显的单峰型,夏季最高,平均为10.74×10~4ind./L。湿地研究区域分为开阔型水域、小型封闭水域、湿地型水域和湖泊型水域四个生态类型,不同水域藻类植物群落结构特征明显不同。经聚类和多维尺度分析,将不同采样点的藻类植物群落分为四组,多样性指数表明湿地水体处于轻度污染或无污染状态。综合研究结果可以认为扎龙湿地的水体基本处于贫营养-中营养状态,只有极少数水域处于富营养状态。 相似文献