全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6786篇 |
免费 | 1375篇 |
国内免费 | 1967篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 771篇 |
大气科学 | 1192篇 |
地球物理 | 1476篇 |
地质学 | 3991篇 |
海洋学 | 937篇 |
天文学 | 162篇 |
综合类 | 625篇 |
自然地理 | 974篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 29篇 |
2023年 | 118篇 |
2022年 | 351篇 |
2021年 | 420篇 |
2020年 | 325篇 |
2019年 | 428篇 |
2018年 | 410篇 |
2017年 | 378篇 |
2016年 | 437篇 |
2015年 | 360篇 |
2014年 | 458篇 |
2013年 | 542篇 |
2012年 | 521篇 |
2011年 | 540篇 |
2010年 | 547篇 |
2009年 | 494篇 |
2008年 | 483篇 |
2007年 | 488篇 |
2006年 | 385篇 |
2005年 | 305篇 |
2004年 | 265篇 |
2003年 | 184篇 |
2002年 | 193篇 |
2001年 | 186篇 |
2000年 | 161篇 |
1999年 | 172篇 |
1998年 | 129篇 |
1997年 | 150篇 |
1996年 | 109篇 |
1995年 | 98篇 |
1994年 | 73篇 |
1993年 | 82篇 |
1992年 | 87篇 |
1991年 | 56篇 |
1990年 | 30篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 35篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Difficulties are involved in discrete element method (DEM) modelling of the flexible boundary, that is, the membranes covering the soil sample, which can be commonly found in contemporary laboratory soil tests. In this paper, a novel method is proposed wherein the finite difference method (FDM) and DEM are coupled to simulate the rubber membrane and soil body, respectively. Numerical plane strain and triaxial tests, served by the flexible membrane, are implemented and analysed later. The effect of the membrane modulus on the measurement accuracy is considered, with analytical formulae derived to judge the significance of this effect. Based on an analysis of stress-strain responses and the grain rotation field, the mechanical performances produced by the flexible and rigid lateral boundaries are compared for the plane strain test. The results show that (1) the effect of the membrane on the test result becomes more significant at larger strain level because the membrane applies additional lateral confining pressure to the soil body; (2) the tested models reproduce typical stress and volumetric paths for specimens with shear bands; (3) for the plane strain test, the rigid lateral boundary derives a much higher peak strength and larger bulk dilatation, but a similar residual strength, compared with the flexible boundary. The latter produces a more uniform (or ‘diffuse') rotation field and more mobilised local kinematics than does the former. All simulations show that the proposed FDM-DEM coupling method is able to simulate laboratory tests with a flexible boundary membrane. 相似文献
2.
Assessment of alternative adsorption models and global sensitivity analysis to characterize hexavalent chromium loss from soil to surface runoff
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《水文研究》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
We investigate our ability to assess transfer of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), from the soil to surface runoff by considering the effect of coupling diverse adsorption models with a two‐layer solute transfer model. Our analyses are grounded on a set of two experiments associated with soils characterized by diverse particle size distributions. Our study is motivated by the observation that Cr(VI) is receiving much attention for the assessment of environmental risks due to its high solubility, mobility, and toxicological significance. Adsorption of Cr(VI) is considered to be at equilibrium in the mixing layer under our experimental conditions. Four adsorption models, that is, the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and linear models, constitute our set of alternative (competing) mathematical formulations. Experimental results reveal that the soil samples characterized by the finest grain sizes are associated with the highest release of Cr(VI) to runoff. We compare the relative abilities of the four models to interpret experimental results through maximum likelihood model calibration and four model identification criteria (i.e., the Akaike information criteria [AIC and AICC] and the Bayesian and Kashyap information criteria). Our study results enable us to rank the tested models on the basis of a set of posterior weights assigned to each of them. A classical variance‐based global sensitivity analysis is then performed to assess the relative importance of the uncertain parameters associated with each of the models considered, within subregions of the parameter space. In this context, the modelling strategy resulting from coupling the Langmuir isotherm with a two‐layer solute transfer model is then evaluated as the most skilful for the overall interpretation of both sets of experiments. Our results document that (a) the depth of the mixing layer is the most influential factor for all models tested, with the exception of the Freundlich isotherm, and (b) the total sensitivity of the adsorption parameters varies in time, with a trend to increase as time progresses for all of the models. These results suggest that adsorption has a significant effect on the uncertainty associated with the release of Cr(VI) from the soil to the surface runoff component. 相似文献
3.
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FLOODING AND DROUGHT CLAMITY DURING PAST 1500 YEARS IN THE HAI′AN REGION,JIANGSU PROVINCE 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Collection and arrangement of the historical records of climatic changes and environment evolution,espectial-lyin the aspect of calamities,are made on the history documents of past 1500 years about Haiˊan region,Jiangsu Province.There existed two obvious flooding-drought frequently-occurring periods:one was from 1550 AD to 1850 AD and another was 100 AD to 1200AD.The period of 1550 AD to1850 AD is interrupted by two relatively arid and cold climatic periods:one was from 1630 AD to 1700 AD and another was 1750 AD to 1820 AD.The main characteristic of the calamity periods is that they occurred by turns,and sometimes,both drought and flooding occurred in the same year.The instability of the climatic changes in the Little Ice Age may be the main reason of the frequently-occurring flooding and drought in Haiˊan region.Research results also show that the frequently-occurring periods of flooding and drought is in close relationship with the solar activity,and therefore,occurrence of the flooding and drought may be in relation with the intensity of the solar activity.This hypothesis may need further study in the future. 相似文献
4.
双酶法制备低黏度辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠的工艺条件 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对双酶法制备用作微胶囊壁材的低黏度辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠的工艺路线与工艺条件进行了研究。正交实验结果表明 ,在酯化淀粉乳质量浓度 2 0 %、每 g淀粉α 淀粉酶的用量为 6SKBU的条件下 ,影响产品性能的各因素中 ,糖化酶的用量对产品的DE值和流度的影响最大 ,各因素的重要性依次是 :糖化酶的用量、糖化酶作用时间、α 淀粉酶保温作用时间。最佳工艺条件是 :α 淀粉酶保温作用时间 4min ,每 g淀粉糖化酶用量 0 .2GAU ,糖化酶作用时间 2 .5h ,此时产品的DE值为 30 ,流度为 80左右 相似文献
5.
一种基于特征信息的车牌识别方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据中国车辆牌照本身的现有特征信息,提出一种车牌识别方法.采用全局动态阈值法进行二值化处理图像,牌照定位算法简单迅速,字符分割参考垂直投影间隔和字符的纵横比.实验结果表明,这种方法具有良好的环境适应性和鲁棒性. 相似文献
6.
海岩的长篇小说《河流如血》再创出版高记录,但作家仍局限于特有的小说叙述模式,这部作品设能做到相应的创新。概言之,模式第一面是“刑侦+恋爱”;模式第二面是“财子+佳人”;模式第三面是“道德+法制”。文学创作需要不断创新,创新的过程也是对创作模式的不断突破过程。作家应该警惕的是,不要让模式成为创作的桎梏。 相似文献
7.
Tidal effects on temperature front in the Yellow Sea 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Temperature front (TF) is one of the important features in the Yellow Sea, which forms in spring, thrives in summer, and fades
in autumn as thermocline declines. TF intensity ⋎S
T
⋎ is defined to describe the distribution of TF. Based on the MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled model, temperature distribution
in the Yellow Sea was simulated with and without tidal effects. Along 36°N, distribution of TF from the simulated results
are compared with the observations, and a quantitative analysis is introduced to evaluate the tidal effects on the forming
and maintaining processes of the TF. Tidal mixing and the circulation structure adapting to it are the main causes of the
TF.
Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. G1999043809) and the National Science Foundation of China (No.
49736190). 相似文献
8.
PALEOSOLSOFSANDYLANDSANDENVIRONMENTALCHANGESINTHEWESTERNPARTOFNORTHEASTPLAINOFCHINAWESTERNDURINGHOLOCENE¥QiuShanwen(裘善文)LiQus... 相似文献
9.
In this paper, two factors — the redistribution of the density and the variation in the angular velocity of the Earth rotation, that affect the adopted value of the flattening for equidensity surface within the Earth, are discussed. The computational results show that the contribution of the redistribution of the density in the Earth interior (especially in the core) on the change of the flattening at the core-mantle boundary (CMB) is marginal, and that the calculated value of the flattening at the CMB can be in good agreement with the VLBI observed value so long as the fact that the angular velocity of the Earth rotation has undergone the tidal evolution is taken into account. As a result, this paper presents a set of recommended values of the dynamical parameters of the Earth (see Table III) for computing Earth's forced nutation series. 相似文献
10.