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1.
THE EFFECTS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OVER THE EQUATORIAL WESTERN PACIFIC AND THE INDIAN OCEAN ON THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this paper,the p-σ five layer primitive equation model segmented by mountains and physical parameterizations including short wave radiation; long wave radiation; large-scale and convective condensation;heat and moisture transport from surface to the first model level is used.The horizonial resolution is 5° lat.×5° long.with the integration region from 25°S to 55°N and from 5°W eastward to 175°W.The model was spun up with perpetual June boundary conditions and forcing starting with June zonal mean heights and geostrophic wind field.In order to investigate the effects of SST (sea surface tempefuture) over the equatorial Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean on the Asian summer monsoon,four sets of numerical experments with positive anomalies over the equatorial Western Pacific,and positive and negative anomalies over the Western Indian Ocean,and zonal mean SST (the control case) are performed.The experimental results show that the South Asian low in the lower troposphere and the anticyclone over the South Asia in the uppet troposphere intensified when positive SST anomalies over the equatorial Western Pacific is included.A statistical test method for simulations is proposed.Finally,the influence mechanism of the SST anomalies over the equatorial oceans is discussed.It is worth stressing that the effects of the SST over the equatorial oceans on the Asian summer monsoon can arise as a result of interaction of SST anomalies,atmospheric flow field and heat sources and sinks in the atmosphere. 相似文献
2.
Under normal temperature, the creep experiments with complete samples of Gabbro and Marble rocks are made under uniaxial compression.
It is found that at the instantaneous creeping stage, AE activities increase with loading; at the steady creeping stage, large
AE signals may appear at lower background of AE action, andm—value which shows the relationship between AE amplitude and frequency keeps stable on the low value or decreases; at the
accelerate creeping stage, AE activities increase andm—value decreases quickly or decreases again after recovery. These experimental results are related to the quality of the samples.
In this paper, AE activities during three stages of creeping process are connected with the seismic patterns (for exampleb—value, foreshocks). Finally, it is pointed out the possibility that the foreshock—mainshock—aftershock earthquake sequence
has been formed by the mechanism of creep fracture of crustal rocks.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 104–112, 1991.
This subject is sponsored by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation. 相似文献
3.
用自然类比法对1998年1月10日张北─尚义6．2级地震序列类型和震后趋势进行了早期判断,找出了与之最相似的四个序列是1976年9月23日巴音木仁6．2级地震（S17）、1996年5月3日包头6．4级地震（558）、1985年4月18日禄劝6．3级地震（S34）和1984年5月21日南黄海6．0级地震（S33）。由此判断张北地震序列为主震余震型,推算最大余震震级应在4．3～4．7之间,一个月内4级以上余震数可能在11～22次之间。实测结果张北地震最大余震震级4．6,一个月内4级以上余震数18次,均在预测范围内。 相似文献
4.
江淮气旋发生发展和暴雨过程及有关预报问题的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文就一次典型过程作为例子,分析了江淮气旋发生发展和暴雨过程的特点,指出有利于江淮气旋发生发展的高空天气形势,地面一些中尺度低压和暴雨核的演变与气旋发展的互相联系。发现气旋区内可存在若干个中尺度低压,这些中尺度低压可先于或后于暴雨核生成而出现,并可增强、减弱或合并。文中计算了潜热释放的加热对涡度制造的贡献,指出潜热加热对气旋发展起着极为重要的作用。作者对于影响气旋发展的因子进行了讨论,并对如何根据湿度场、流场和降水分布(或卫星云图)特征来预报江淮气旋提出建议。 相似文献
5.
本文利用正压原始方程,对48°S——48°N间的给定的平直副热带西风和东风切变带进行了西风爬越西藏高原为主、西风绕过西藏高原和无西藏高原存在的三种不同情况的数值试验。这些试验表明,由于西藏高原与落基山等大地形的存在,不但能造成副热带高压带的断裂,并且能形成四个副热带高压单体。在北半球,这四个单体具有相当稳定的位置,一个在西太平洋,一个在中太平洋,一个在大西洋,一个在北非。这些试验还表明,当西风以爬越西藏高原为主时,对南半球澳大利亚高压的存在与稳定有一定的作用。西风绕过西藏高原流动时有利于西太平洋高压向西伸展。 相似文献
6.
In this paper, the relation between Asian summer monsoon circulation and sea surface temperature anomalies over equatorial central-eastern Pacific is investigated by using a global spectral model. This model has nine layers in the vertical and the model variables are represented in the horizontal as truncated expansions of the surface spherical harmonics with rhomboidal truncation at wave number 15. The model involves comparatively complete physical pro-cesses and parameterizations with mountains.Using the above model, two experimental schemes are designed, namely control case and anomalous sea surface temperature case. The above two schemes are respectively integrated for forty days and the simulated results are ob-tained from the last 30-day averaged simulations.The simulations show that positive SST anomalies over equatorial central-eastern Pacific weakens Indian mon-soon circulation, decreases precipitation in Indian sub-continent whereas it intensifies East Asian monsoon circula-tion and increases precipitation in East Asian area. All these results reflect the characteristics of Asian summer mon-soon during the El Nino period. In this paper, SST anomalies over equatorial central-eastern Pacific have a direct in-fluence on the intensity and position of subtropical high via the wave train over Northern Hemisphere, which is simi-lar to that suggested by Nitta (1987) and the wave train over Southern Hemisphere has an influence on the intensity of Mascarene high and Australia high resulting in affecting cross equatorial flow. As a result, atmospheric interior heat sources and sinks are redistributed because of the change of cross equatorial flow. And the response of atmos-phere to the new heat source and sink has a significant influence on Asian summer monsoon. 相似文献
7.
对地震活动性进行层次结构分析可划分出不同的地震区带,中国大陆的地震活动可分为9个地震区带,分析各个区带的地震活动性可作出某一活跃期强震发生主体地区的判别,对某一个地震区带的地震活动进行层次结构分析可作出地震危险区预测。用震源面投影图代替点投影的震中分布图可更合理地解释一个构造带上强震的发生过程,更清楚地勾画出未来强震的孕震范围。对强震破裂区闭锁段、背景空区、孕震空区的关系用实测震例进行了解释。 相似文献
8.
自然类比法在地震序列分类及震后趋势早期判别中的应用 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
从震后趋势判断的实际需要出发，提出了一种地震序列类型划分的新方法，即根据强余震次数将序列划分为无强余震型、强余震较少型、强余震较多型、强余震极多型四种类型。为了实现早期判别的目标，采用地震后３天的资料用自然类比法对地震序列类型和震后趋势作判断。将新发生的序列前３天应变能释放分布情况和频度分布情况与以前发生的序列逐一加以比较，用柯尔莫哥洛夫－斯米尔诺夫检验找出与之最相似的一、二个序列，用已知序列的类 相似文献
9.
本文对中国大陆(M≥5)浅源强震的余震活动进行了分析,其持续时间分布具有一定的规律性,可分为初期、中期、晚期和特晚期四个阶段。文中根据华北地区的地震活动特征,提出了对强余震和晚期强余震的预测方法。地震序列b值曲线的横截距与最大余震的震级之间,以及b值曲线的偏离点与可能发生的较大余震的震次之间存在着一定的对应关系。强震破裂的扩展方向和余震区内的空段及余震区的边缘是发生强余震的可能地点。强震序列余震区的地震频度变化与强余震的发生时间之间有一定的对应关系。最后,本文对强余震的成因作了理论上的探讨。初期和中期发生的强余震与震源区的剩余应变能和本区的应力状态与水平有关。晚期和特晚期发生的强余震则可能与周围区域应力的加强並传递、叠加在震源区岩层介质上的过程有关。 相似文献
10.
针对传统多波束测深系统中对横摇偏差进行改正,存在校准后仍在航行过程中受外界因素干扰,以及改正模型未考虑声速不同导致声线跟踪法计算过程中的水层分层与声线弯曲影响,直接利用深度值进行计算使得改正精度不高的问题.提出了以检测线中央波束数据作为真实海底地形的参考,通过声线跟踪得到主测线在不同入射角度的回波时间,进而利用入射角度和回波时间的关系,反演得到横摇偏差角进行改正的方法.实验表明:利用回波时间对多波束测深数据的横摇偏差进行改正,通过声线跟踪结合检测线中央波束,能够进一步提高横摇偏差改正的精度. 相似文献