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Over 4500 oiled birds were collected from beaches in Northwest France and the Channel Islands following the oil spillage from the AMOCO CADIZ in March 1978. Auks were the most abundant casualties: 1391 puffins Fratercula arctica, 978 razorbills Alca torda and 731 guillemots Uria aalge, but there were also 126 divers Gavia spp. A total of 33 bird species were recorded oiled. A corpse drift experiment suggested that after 30 March at least 3450 seabirds died off north Finistère alone; the total mortality in the first fortnight of the incident was probably considerably larger. 相似文献
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TJ. Romke Bontekoe Christoph Winkler J. Gregory Stacy Peter D. Jackson 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,231(1-2):285-288
We are investigating the COBE DMR data at instances of known -ray bursts (GRBs) when any of the six DMR horn directions was coincident with the direction of a burst. The BATSE instrument on board GRO has detected 207 bursts during the eight-month period of overlap corresponding to the current release of COBE data. The odds of a GRB occurring within the DMR field of view are near one coincidence per year. Here we report on one such serendipitous observation in 1991, GRB 911226, for which a detailed analysis is currently in progress. 相似文献
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Landscape evolution models provide a way to determine erosion rates and landscape stability over times scales from tens to thousands of years. The SIBERIA and CAESAR landscape evolution models both have the capability to simulate catchment–wide erosion and deposition over these time scales. They are both cellular, operate over a digital elevation model of the landscape, and represent fluvial and slope processes. However, they were initially developed to solve research questions at different time and space scales and subsequently the perspective, detail and process representation vary considerably between the models. Notably, CAESAR simulates individual events with a greater emphasis on fluvial processes whereas SIBERIA averages erosion rates across annual time scales. This paper describes how both models are applied to Tin Camp Creek, Northern Territory, Australia, where soil erosion rates have been closely monitored over the last 10 years. Results simulating 10 000 years of erosion are similar, yet also pick up subtle differences that indicate the relative strengths and weaknesses of the two models. The results from both the SIBERIA and CAESAR models compare well with independent field data determined for the site over different time scales. Representative hillslope cross‐sections are very similar between the models. Geomorphologically there was little difference between the modelled catchments after 1000 years but significant differences were revealed at longer simulation times. Importantly, both models show that they are sensitive to input parameters and that hydrology and erosion parameter derivation has long‐term implications for sediment transport prediction. Therefore selection of input parameters is critical. This study also provides a good example of how different models may be better suited to different applications or research questions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Commonwealth of Australia 相似文献
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S. M. Dougherty L. B. F. M. Waters M. F. Bode D. J. M. Kester TJ. R. Bontekoe 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,224(1-2):451-452
We have applied maximum entropy reconstruction methods to the IRAS observations of the nova GK Persei to examine the spatial distribution of the far-IR emission. We have discovered discrete regions of emission in a co-linear structure extending to 17 arcmin on either side of the binary system, supporting a stellar origin for the structure. We postulate that the evolved secondary is the progenitor of the circumbinary envelope. 相似文献
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T.J. Stowe 《Marine pollution bulletin》1982,13(7):237-239
In April 1977 an oil spillage near the RSPB reserve at Bempton Cliffs, Humberside, affected over 1400 Guillemots. Some casualties were not local birds. Summer counts revealed a substantial drop in the numbers of birds on the ledges. By 1978 numbers had increased dramatically, exceeding the pre-spill level. The most likely explanation for the observed fluctuations is that some birds were temporarily absent from Bempton in the summer of 1977, returning to breed in 1978. 相似文献
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Oil spillages have affected large numbers of seabirds, principally auks, in the United Kingdom waters between 1966 and 1983. The annual scale of mortality has varied widely, although the worst kills are substantially less than some recorded elsewhere in N.W. Europe. Regional variations in the occurrence of mortality incidents are recorded, which in general reflect the distribution at sea of both birds and marine traffic. Oil pollution incidents affecting birds are essentially a winter phenomenon in UK waters and some reasons for this are discussed. 相似文献
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