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GPS掩星观测的发展及其在气象业务中的应用现状   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
马再忠  郭英华  王斌 《气象学报》2011,69(1):208-218
GPS无线电掩星探测技术已经发展成为一种强有力的、相对经济的观测全球大气的方法.多年对GPS/MET概念卫星、CHAMP和SAC-C等GPS掩星观测的研究表明,GPS掩星观测资料与其他卫星资料相比具有很高的观测精度和垂直分辨率等优点,并且GPS掩星观测不受天气状况的影响,因此对其在天气预报及气候的应用有独特的优势.GP...  相似文献   
2.
黄载忠 《甘肃地质》1992,1(2):85-91
侏罗纪以来,尕海盆地在沉积建造、构造型相、岩石地球化学等方面都与前侏罗纪地槽期有异。盆地早期,沉积了以陆相碎屑岩和火山岩为主的含煤建造。底砾岩发育,沉积韵律清楚,煤层结构十分复杂。中晚期,由于气候比较干热,除广泛发育有陆相红色碎屑沉积外,尚见有少量碳酸盐沉积。由于地壳运动的不均衡性,造成了盆地早期褶皱及逆断层发育,晚期主要为正断层。岩浆岩成分中碱质含量较高,铁质含量较低。因此可以说,尕海盆地是一个发育在西秦岭褶皱系完成基础上的一个新型活动区—地洼盆地。  相似文献   
3.
This study presents a simplified multivariate bias correction scheme that is sequentially implemented in the GEOS5 data assimilation system and compared against a control experiment without model bias correction. The results show considerable improvement in terms of the mean biases of rawinsonde observation-minus-background (OmB) residuals for observed water vapor, wind and temperature variables. The time series spectral analysis shows whitening of bias-corrected OmB residuals, and mean biases for rawinsonde observation-minus-analysis (OmA) are also improved. Some wind and temperature biases in the control experiment near the equatorial tropopause nearly vanish from the bias-corrected experiment. Despite the analysis improvement, the bias correction scheme has only a moderate impact on forecast skill. Significant interaction is also found among quality-control, satellite observation bias correction, and background bias correction, and the latter positively impacts satellite bias correction.  相似文献   
4.
The four-dimensional variational(4D-Var) data assimilation systems used in most operational and research centers use initial condition increments as control variables and adjust initial increments to find optimal analysis solutions. This approach may sometimes create discontinuities in analysis fields and produce undesirable spin ups and spin downs. This study explores using incremental analysis updates(IAU) in 4D-Var to reduce the analysis discontinuities. IAU-based 4D-Var has almost the same mathematical formula as conventional 4D-Var if the initial condition increments are replaced with time-integrated increments as control variables.The IAU technique was implemented in the NASA/GSFC 4D-Var prototype and compared against a control run without IAU. The results showed that the initial precipitation spikes were removed and that other discontinuities were also reduced,especially for the analysis of surface temperature.  相似文献   
5.
Ocean Dynamics - Various uncertainties exist in a hindcast due to the inabilities of numerical models to resolve all the complicated atmosphere-sea interactions, and the lack of certain ground...  相似文献   
6.
二十世纪初,对地堑的研究才由描述性阶段而发展到对其成因的探讨。1930年,德国地质学家克鲁斯(H.Cloos)最先用实验方法使湿粘土受侧向拉伸,而再现了地堑构造,从此对地堑的力学成因,展开了讨论。H.克鲁斯认为,这种构造是与地堑相垂直的地壳球面张力所造成的,它可能是区域性的,也可能是由于地堑所横过的部分地块的拱起而成。  相似文献   
7.
攀西裂谷的力学成因机制和模型实验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
裂谷是在引张力作用下产生的,并根据裂谷切割深度确定其类型。据世界上多数裂谷资料证实,它们均切穿了岩石圈。当然,也有切割不深的裂谷(只切穿沉积盖层)。从断块学说观点看来,裂谷的形成是受断裂体系控制的,以地幔上涌为动力,具全球规模,延伸数百至数千公里的狭长断陷带。  相似文献   
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