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1.
Y. Hagiwara 《Journal of Geodesy》1972,46(4):453-466
A general formula giving Molodenskii coefficientsQ
n of the truncation errors for the geoidal height is introduced in this paper. A relation betweenQ
n andq
n, Cook’s truncation function, is also obtained. Cook (1951) has treated the truncation errors for the deflection of the vertical
in the Vening Meinesz integration. Molodenskii et al. (1962) have also derived the truncation error formulas for the deflection
of the vertical. It is proved in this paper that these two formulas are equivalent. 相似文献
2.
3.
Naoto Iwasaka Susumu Kuwashima Hirotaka Otobe Kimio Hanawa Hideki Hagiwara Ruri Suzuki 《Journal of Oceanography》1994,50(6):713-723
We have been performingin situ measurement of downward short wave radiation (solar radiation) in the western Pacific Ocean in cooperation with voluntary ships since autumn 1990 in order to obtain much more precise knowledge of downward short wave radiation at the sea's surface than before. Preliminary result of the observation from autumn 1990 through spring 1992 is shown in this paper. The comparison of observed daily mean downward short wave radiation with that estimated from observed cloudiness by using Reed (1977) formula is also presented to show the necessity ofin situ measurement in the study of the downward short wave radiation at the sea's surface. 相似文献
4.
Yoshiaki Hagiwara 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,295(1-2):125-130
Recent high-resolution observations of low-luminosity extra-galactic H2O masers towards M 82, M 51, and NGC 4051 are presented in this contribution. These observations were conducted using the very large array (VLA). The general observational properties of these masers are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Yukio Hagiwara 《Journal of Geodesy》1976,50(2):131-135
In this paper, a new formula for evaluating the truncation coefficientQ
n
is derived from recurrence relations of Legendre polynomials. The present formula has been conveniently processed by an electronic
computer, providing the value ofQ
n
up to a degreen=49 which are exactly equal to those of Paul (1973). 相似文献
6.
Yukio Hagiwara 《Tectonophysics》1974,23(1-2)
The hazard rate, the number of fracture occurrences per unit time, which has been obtained from laboratory experiments of rock fracture, is obtained for the earth's crust by analysing the statistical distribution of geodetically-observed ultimate strain. The associated hazard function has two coefficients, A and B, to be determined. Comparison of the coefficients obtained by the results of rock-fracture experiments with the geodetically determined ones discloses that B is independent of the size-effect. It is therefore concluded that, if A is estimated from the statistics of the geodetically observed ultimate strain and B is obtained from fracture experiments of rock forming a local part of the crust, the probability of a local large-scale earthquake occurrence can be estimated. 相似文献
7.
Field surveys and in situ experiments were conducted in the shallow Matsukawa-ura in summer to evaluate the biological efficiencies of shallow-water areas for preserving coastal ecosystems. In Matsukawa-ura (5.8 km(2)), the suspension-feeding bivalves Ruditapes philippinarum and Crassostrea gigas were the dominant animals--their total biomasses (wet weight) were estimated to be 3.4 x 10(6) and 2.3 x 10(6) kg, respectively. Ulva sp. and Zostera marina were the dominant macrophyte species during the summer, with standing crops estimated to be 0.29 x 10(6) and 0.20 x 10(6) kg, respectively. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) uptake rates for Ulva sp. and Z. marina were determined by in situ experiments. An ecological model calculated on the basis of the observed dataset showed that, in comparison with tidal exchange, a significant amount of particulate organic matter was removed by bivalve filtration and a considerable quantity of DIN was removed by macrophyte species. 相似文献
8.
9.
Yuzo Ohnishi Tomofumi Koyama Ikuo Hagiwara Shigeru Miki Testuya Shimauchi 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2014,9(2):97-112
This paper discussed the analytical precision on equations of motion in some practical studies that use 2-D DDA, 2D-Coupled analysis of NMM & DDA, and 3D-DDA. We point out the main reason for numerical instability in DDA is loss of the effective digits when superposing the global stiffness matrix under the variable conditions of large and the small blocks. Categories of analyses are distributed in 2D-DDA static masonry structures such as the Great Pyramid and the Pont du Gard, 2D-DDA dynamic rock fall problems and the sensitivity of its analysis on the velocity ratio and the penalty, earthquake response analysis of rock slopes, 2D-NMM, 2D-coupled analysis of DDA and NMM and 3D-DDA rock fall problem. The selected examples on the Great Pyramid, Pont du Gard and Bayon Temple at Angkor Thom are located in Egypt, France and Cambodia respectively as UNESCO world heritages sites. The authors evaluated the applicability of the methods and the reliability of the results by comparing different methods and site observations from the practical problems. 相似文献
10.
Yukio Hagiwara 《Tectonophysics》1975,26(1-2)
A large-scale earthquake is believed to be associated with a release of strain energy accumulated in the crust, probably by the motion of upper-mantle lithosphere. Such an earthquake mechanism is well simulated by a belt-conveyer model proposed by Utsu (1972). The probability of earthquake occurrence can be estimated on the assumption that the motion of a slider on the belt-conveyer is mathematically formulated as a Markov process.In the probabilistic expressions, the results of Mogi's (1962) rock-fracture experiments are applied to the hazard-rate function of earthquake occurrence. The hazard-rate function has two coefficients, A and B, to be determined by the experiments. It is concluded that, when B is small, a number of small-scale earthquakes occur in the early time after the accumulation of crustal strain energy starts, but that the accumulated strain energy changes catastrophically into a single large-scale earthquake, when B is large. 相似文献