Evidence of temporal genetic change in wild Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., populations affected by farm escapees     

Skaala  Oystein; Wennevik  Vidar; Glover  Kevin A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(7):1224-1233

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The Ah receptor in marine animals: phylogenetic distribution and relationship to cytochrome P4501A inducibility     

Mark E. Hahn  Alan Poland  Ed Glover  John J. Stegeman 《Marine environmental research》1992,34(1-4)

In mammals, the induction of cytochrome P4501A forms by chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, chlorinated dibenzofurans, and halogenated biphenyls is under control of a soluble protein known as the Ah (aromatic hydrocarbon) receptor. Little is known about the presence and properties of the Ah receptor in other vertebrate and invertebrate species. In these studies, we sought evidence for an Ah receptor in the liver or liver-equivalent of 20 species of marine and freshwater animals, using the photoaffinity ligand 2-azido-3-[¹²⁵I] iodo-7,8-dibromodibenzo-p-dioxin (N₃[¹²⁵I]Br₂DD). Specific labeling of cytosolic proteins by N₃[¹²⁵I]Br₂DD was observed in seven species of teleost and elasmobranch fish, in PLHC-I fish hepatoma cells, and in beluga whales. No specifically labeled proteins were found in cytosol from two species of agnathan fish nor in any of nine invertebrate species representing eight classes of four phyla. The presence or absence of specifically labeled polypeptides corresponds with the inducibility of cytochrome P4501A and sensitivity to the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related planar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in many of these groups. Thus, Ah receptor function may have arisen early invertebrate evolution and has been conserved from elasmobranch and teleost fish to mammals.  相似文献   

Tests for size and shape dependency in deep-sea mixing     

W.F. Ruddiman  G.A. Jones  T.-H. Peng  L.K. Glover  B.P. Glass  P.J. Liebertz 《Sedimentary Geology》1980,25(4):257-276

Bioturbation is generally not a strongly size-dependent or shape-dependent process in deep-sea sediments. Different sizes of ash (11–250 μm) deposited during a single eruption are usually mixed about equally, although in a few cores we found minor tendencies toward greater mixing of finer ash. Platey volcanic ash and spherical microtektites initially deposited within a few centimeters of each other in the sediment column are mixed with roughly comparable intensity. Radiocarbon dating of three sizes of CaCO₃ near the top of one box core produced ages within the analytical error; this also suggests no size dependency in the mixing process. Another core showed age differences opposite in sense to those that would be predicted if the finer fractions were more intensely mixed than the coarser fractions.The sizes examined (11–250 μm) encompass most of the sedimentary components used in paleoclimatic analyses of deep-sea cores. From these findings, we infer that significant artificial lead/lag offsets in paleoclimatic signals will not be created by size-selective or shape-selective mixing. Mixing models calibrated on one sediment size fraction should be generally applicable to other sizes and kinds of material.  相似文献   

Distribution and spatial variation of hydrothermal faunal assemblages at Lucky Strike (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) revealed by high-resolution video image analysis     

Daphne Cuvelier  Joze Sarrazin  Ana Colao  Jon Copley  Daniel Desbruyres  Adrian G. Glover  Paul Tyler  Ricardo Serro Santos 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(11):2026-2040

Whilst the fauna inhabiting hydrothermal vent structures in the Atlantic Ocean is reasonably well known, less is understood about the spatial distributions of the fauna in relation to abiotic and biotic factors. In this study, a major active hydrothermal edifice (Eiffel Tower, at 1690 m depth) on the Lucky Strike vent field (Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR)) was investigated. Video transects were carried out by ROV Victor 6000 and complete image coverage was acquired. Four distinct assemblages, ranging from dense larger-sized Bathymodiolus mussel beds to smaller-sized mussel clumps and alvinocaridid shrimps, and two types of substrata were defined based on high definition photographs and video imagery. To evaluate spatial variation, faunal distribution was mapped in three dimensions. A high degree of patchiness characterizes this 11 m high sulfide structure. The differences observed in assemblage and substratum distribution were related to habitat characteristics (fluid exits, depth and structure orientation). Gradients in community structure were observed, which coincided with an increasing distance from the fluid exits. A biological zonation model for the Eiffel Tower edifice was created in which faunal composition and distribution can be visually explained by the presence/absence of fluid exits.  相似文献   

The Bristol Channel—A case for special treatment     

R.S. Glover 《Marine pollution bulletin》1984,15(2):37-40

The eight papers which follow are necessarily brief summaries of a few selected aspects of the aquatic ecosystem in the Bristol Channel and lower reaches of the Severn. They provide a most incomplete coverage of a wide field of knowledge which would require a weighty volume, including aspects of geology and terrestrial ecology as well as industrial, commercial and urban developments in the region.  相似文献   

A static and dynamic finite element analysis of the 1971 San Fernando, California, earthquake     

D. W. McCowan    P. Glover  S. S. Alexander 《Geophysical Journal International》1977,48(2):163-185

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Stratigraphic correlation and paleoenvironmental analysis of the hydrocarbon-bearing Early Miocene Euphrates and Jeribe formations in the Zagros folded-thrust belt     

D. Hussein  R. Collier  J. A. Lawrence  F. Rashid  P. W. J. Glover  P. Lorinczi  D. H. Baban 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(24):543

The Lower Miocene Euphrates and Jeribe formations are considered as the main targets of the Tertiary petroleum system in the western part of the Zagros Basin. The formations consist of carbonates with some evaporate intercalations of the Dhiban Formation. This study utilized data from a field investigation including newly described outcrop sections and newly discovered productive oil fields within the Kirkuk embayment zone of the Zagros fold and thrust belt such as Sarqala and Kurdamir wells. This work is the first to show a stratigraphic correlation and paleoenvironmental interpretation by investigating both well data and new outcrop data. Three depositional environments were identified, (1) an inner and outer ramp belts environment, (2) shoal environment, and (3) restricted lagoon environment. Within these 3 environments, 12 microfacies were identified, based on the distribution of fauna mainly benthonic foraminifera, rock textures, and sedimentary structures. The inferred shallow water depths and variable salinities in both the Euphrates Formation and Jeribe Formation carbonates are consistent with deposition on the inner ramp (restricted lagoon and shoal) environments. Those found in the Euphrates Formation constrained the depositional environment to the restricted lagoon and shoal environment, while the microfacies in the Jeribe Formation provided evidence for an inner ramp and middle to outer ramp belt environments. This study represents the first detailed research that focuses on the stratigraphic correlation and changes in carbonate facies with the main aim to provide a wider understanding of stratigraphy of these carbonate reservoirs throughout the northern part of Iraq.  相似文献   

Overcoming remoteness: the necessity of air travel in Australian universities     

Andrew Glover  Tania Lewis  Yolande Strengers 《The Australian geographer》2019,50(4):453-471

ABSTRACT

Air travel has become central to Australian academic practice, with flying increasingly seen as crucial to the progression of successful academic careers. This paper seeks to understand why academic air travel has come to be perceived as so necessary, particularly given its significant environmental, social, and economic implications. Drawing on the mobilities paradigm and social practice theory, we seek to understand how air travel practices are a key part of contemporary academic careers. We conducted an online survey of 301 academics and 24 in depth semi-structured interviews to understand academic air travel in Australia, finding that it is seen as a means to connect and collaborate within and between academic communities, and to counteract the effects of ‘remoteness'. This remoteness is experienced domestically and internationally, by Australian academics who feel they must travel to perceived centres of knowledge production to further their careers. Academics often frame their ‘need' for connections as necessarily involving physical co-presence. Air travel offers career benefits for those who can take advantage of it, and corresponding drawbacks for those ‘stuck on the ground’. We conclude by discussing the need for valuing localised forms of collaboration as markers of success, and developing imaginative alternatives to academic flying.  相似文献   

Analysis of lead in polluted coastal seawater     

C Patterson  D Settle  B Glover   《Marine Chemistry》1976,4(4):305-319

The concentrations of total lead were determined in both ordinary coastal seawater and in coastal waters highly polluted with sewage. The average concentration of total lead ranged from about 25 ng/kg in surface samples of the former type to an average of 150 ng/kg in the latter type. 0.4⁻μm filtrate lead was found to be equivalent to lead extracted from untreated seawater by dithizone in chloroform. In highly polluted waters, particle lead ranged from 56 to 39% of the total lead, with the proportion increasing as the amount of sewage in the seawater increased. Virtually all of the lead in sewage is contained in the particle phase before it enters the ocean but about 11% is made freely available by cation exchange when the sewage is mixed with seawater. In ordinary coastal waters that are not highly polluted with sewage lead, particle lead ranged from 90 to > 20%, and most of this lead was associated with plankton. About one-third of total lead, or one-half of particle lead, in untreated seawater adheres to the walls of the water container within the first day. Upon prolonged standing (> 3 months) most of the remaining particle lead can be collected on the surface of algal colonies growing on the walls of the water container. The concentrations of freely available lead in seawater do not seem to be significantly affected by wall adsorption. The ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb ratio of total lead in coastal surface seawater collected near Los Angeles was 1.194, and a day earlier was 1.188 near La Jolla. It is believed that this shows lack of mixing of contributions from two different sources of lead pollution: a pulse of rain-storm runoff of gasoline lead(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb 1.197) from paved surfaces added to Los Angeles waters; and sewage lead (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb 1.188) from San Diego added to La Jolla waters.  相似文献   

Is H⁺₃ cooling ever important in primordial gas?     

S. C. O. Glover  D. W. Savin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,393(3):911-948

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