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The paper is a report of the field campaign undertaken by an international team (Italian, French and Indonesian) a few weeks after the occurrence of a tsunami invading the south-eastern coast of Java (Indonesia) and it complements the results of a concurrent field survey by Asian and USA researchers. The tsunamigenic earthquake occurred on 3 of June 1994 in the Indian Ocean about 200 km south of Java. The tsunami caused severe damage and claimed many victims in some coastal villages. The main purpose of the survey was to measure the inundation and the runup values as well as to ascertain the possible morphological changes caused by the wave attacks. Attention was particularly focussed on the most affected districts, that is Lumajang, Jember and Banyuwangi in Java, although also the districts of Negera, Tebanan and Denpasar in Bali were examined. The most severe damage was observed in the Banyuwangi district, where the villages of Rajekwesi, Pancer and Lampon were almost completely levelled by the violent waves. Most places were hit by three significant waves with documented wave height often exceeding 5 m. The maximum runup value (9.50 m) was measured at Rajekwesi, where also the most impressive erosion phenomena could be found. In contrast, only in one place of the neighbouring island of Bali was there a slight tsunami, the rest of the island being practically unaffected. 相似文献
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The aim of this paper is to define the macroseismic field of the 5 May 1990 Potenza earthquake, analysing about 3000 questionnaire forms together with the results of the direct inquiries carried out in the field. The study evidences the seismic vulnerability of the Potenza district and of the whole of southern Italy in general, due to the low resistance characteristics of the old constructions and a lack of seismic prevention. Besides, geomorphological failure increases hazardous situations at the earthquake's occurrence. This earthquake provided a good test for checking and improving the ING macroseismic data collection procedures. 相似文献
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Observations of physical effects from tsunamis of December 30, 2002 at Stromboli volcano, southern Italy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stefano Tinti Alessandra Maramai Alberto Armigliato Laura Graziani Anna Manucci Gianluca Pagnoni Filippo Zaniboni 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2006,68(5):450-461
On December 30, 2002, following an intense period of activity of Stromboli volcano (south Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy), complex mass failures occurred on the northwest slope of the mountain which also involved the underwater portion of the volcanic edifice for a total volume of about 2–3×107 m3. Two main landslides occurred within a time separation of 7 min, and both set tsunami waves in motion that hit the coasts of Stromboli causing injuries to three people and severe damage to buildings and structures. The tsunamis also caused damage on the island of Panarea, some 20 km to the SSE from the source. They were observed all over the Aeolian archipelago, at the island of Ustica to the west, along the northern Sicily coasts to the south as well as along the Tyrrhenian coasts of Calabria to the east and in Campania to the north. This paper presents field observations that were made in the days and weeks immediately following the events. The results of the quantitative investigations undertaken in the most affected places, namely along the coasts of Stromboli and on the island of Panarea, are reported in order to highlight the dynamics of the attacking waves and their impact on the physical environment, on the coastal structures and on the coastal residential zone. In Stromboli, the tsunami waves were most violent along the northern and northeastern coastal belt between Punta Frontone and the village of Scari, with maximum runup heights of about 11 m measured on the beach of Spiaggia Longa. Measured runups were observed to decay rapidly with distance from the source, typical of tsunami waves generated by limited-area sources such as landslides. 相似文献
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Laura Graziani Andrea Tertulliani Alessandra Maramai Antonio Rossi Luca Arcoraci 《Journal of Seismology》2017,21(5):1219-1227
The aim of this paper is to provide a complete and reliable macroseismic knowledge of the events that stroke a large area in Central Italy on 7 and 11 May 1984. Previous studies, together with original accounts integrated with new and unpublished information, have been gathered and examined in order to re-evaluate macroseismic intensities in terms of the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS98). New intensity maps have been compiled; the total number of localities with available information for both the shocks increases from 1254 of the previous study to 1576. On the basis of the new dataset, the macroseismic magnitude of the first shock is MW 5.6 which is lower than the previous macroseismic computation (MW 5.7). Moreover, the topic of assessing macroseismic intensity in the presence of multiple shocks has been also investigated, proposing an unconventional approach to presenting the macroseismic data: an overall picture of the cumulative effects produced by all the seismic sequence is given to support a partial but faithful reconstruction of the second shock. This approach is inspired by the common experience in interpreting historical seismic sequences and gives a picture of the impact of the 1984 events on the territory. 相似文献
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On October 10, 1995, an ML= 4.8 (ING) earthquake occurred in the region of Lunigiana (northwestern Italy). The shock was felt over a large area and produced significant damage. We performed a macroseismic survey and damage zonation and assessed a maximum intensity VII MCS in the epicentral area. The damage pattern, that we investigated in detail for some of the villages in the most heavily damaged area, emphasises the role of surface geology in amplifying the effects. Topographic effects and near-surface geology are largely responsible for broadening the damage area. Given the moderate size of the earthquake, many of the macroseismic observations, including rotations of objects and the propagation of visible waves in the ground, are suggestive of amplification phenomena. 相似文献
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The New Catalogue of Italian Tsunamis 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
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Tsunami activity in the Adriatic Sea from the sixteenth century until the present has been analysed with the ultimate goal
to improve the European tsunami catalogue and provide data for a new geo-database of tsunami events in the European-Mediterranean
region. The study encompasses twenty-seven events, nine on the western and eighteen on the eastern coast of the Adriatic,
with special attention being devoted to contemporary sources and to local journals and newspapers. For all the analysed events,
the path of information from coeval sources, through the nineteenth century and up to modern tsunami catalogues, has been
constructed. Tsunamis on the western coast have already been studied, but to obtain a coherent picture of tsunamigenic activity
in the Adriatic Sea, they have been included in this work. Furthermore, the study was extended to see whether they had propagated
to the opposite coast. Most of the events on the eastern coast have now been systematically analysed for the first time. The
search of bibliographical sources revealed three new reports on tsunamis on the eastern coast that had not been previously
recorded in international publications. The study established that, out of the eighteen eastern Adriatic events, twelve can
be considered false, while six were true tsunamis. In the last 600 years, fifteen true tsunami events occurred in the Adriatic.
One was very strong, six were strong or rather strong, and eight were light tsunamis. As a final result of this analysis,
carried out according to standardised criteria, fifteen Adriatic tsunami events will be inserted in the TRANSFER (Tsunami
Risk ANd Strategies For the European Region) database for the European-Mediterranean region. 相似文献
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