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Interactions of Arctic and Atlantic water-masses and associated environmental changes during the last millennium, Hornsund (SW Svalbard) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WOJCIECH MAJEWSKI WITOLD SZCZUCI&#;SKI MAREK ZAJ&#;CZKOWSKI 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2009,38(3):529-544
The fjords of southwestern Spitsbergen (European Arctic) are a climatically sensitive area neighbouring the mixing zone of warm northward-flowing Atlantic water-masses and cold Arctic Water. Owing to reasonably high accumulation rates, these settings are especially suitable for providing high-resolution sedimentary records of regional hydrological and environmental changes. A sediment core spanning the last millennium was retrieved from the outer Hornsund fjord basin, 14 C dated and analysed for sediment grain size, ice-rafted debris (IRD), the distribution of benthic foraminifera and their oxygen and carbon stable isotope composition. The record of sub-centennial resolution reveals three distinctive periods: the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age (∼AD 1600–1900) and 20th-century warming. The marine record obtained is well correlated with regional high-resolution ice-core records as well as with atmospheric palaeotemperature reconstructions and sea-ice data. The colder periods stay in phase with the greater influence of less saline, cold Arctic Water indicated by subtle changes in benthic foraminifera assemblages and the δ18 O signal, which is dominated by changes in salinity. The IRD record clearly indicates that tidewater glaciers were present in SW Spitsbergen throughout the last millennium, and most actively from the late 16th century until the end of the 19th century. 相似文献
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Regressive and transgressive sequences in a raised Holocene gravelly beach, southwestern Crete 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Both a modern and a raised, late Holocene gravelly beach have been studied along the cliffed coast near the village of Chora Sfakion in southwestern Crete, Greece. The Holocene beach shows the record of regional, well-documented relative sea-level changes, in the form of regressive and transgressive sequences. The texture, fabric and depositional architecture of these sequences are described and compared with those of the modern, microtidal beach there. The depositional history of the raised beach is discussed in terms of the sediment transport processes and relative sea-level changes. The regressive sequences of both the modern and the Holocene beach resemble those of the mesotidal beaches in the Sker district of southwest Wales, described by Bluck (1967). The transgressive sequence of the Holocene beach resembles the mesotidal beach sequence near Newton (southwest Wales), recognized by Bluck as another type of progradational (regressive) beach. Therefore, transgressive beach sequences in the stratigraphic record might easily be overlooked or misinterpreted as regressive. The stratigraphic depositional patterns of gravelly beach systems are, apparently, still poorly understood. 相似文献
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WOJCIECH NEMEC NIZAMETTIN KAZANCI JOHN G. MITCHELL 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1998,27(4):311-332
The discovery of unexpectedly young tephra, with K-Ar dates of 1.50 ± 0.18 and 1.38 ± 0.13 Ma BP, in the Lake Eirdir area sheds new light on the time-span and magnitude of explosive volcanism in west-central Anatolia and on the physical behaviour of pyroclastic currents. The Gölcük maar near Isparta, widely thought to have ceased its activity in Pliocene time, was apparently still erupting with strong explosions in the Early Pleistocene. The Eirdir tephra, 34 km NE from the volcano, indicate deposition from powerful pyroclastic surges directed by the topography. The depositing currents were fully turbulent and carried unusually large lithic clasts, up to 2–3 cm in diameter, in suspension, which is incompatible with the existing physical model for pyroclastic currents. Based on the tephra characteristics, a conceptual model of the pyroclastic current's segmentation, or lateral dynamic partition, is suggested and used further to explain the current's specific response to an encountered topographic barrier. The widely held concept of a pyroclastic current's vertical separation, or sharp rheological decoupling, is thought to describe a common secondary phenomenon. 相似文献
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通过一次影响华南地区的锋面降水过程实例，进行了静力与非静力中尺度模式、不同驱动模式、不同初边值组合、不同边值更新周期、不同起报时次等27组对比试验。较全面细致地从不同侧面分析讨论了初、边值对中尺度模式的影响规律及特点，得出了一些有学术和应用价值的结论。如中尺度模式预报的总体趋势决定于其驱动模式，初值仅显著影响中尺度模式大约前10小时的预报，以后的预报趋势则主要决定于边值的信息；边值对模式内区的影响主要通过各种时间尺度天气信息(天气波动)的传播和移动来实现；土壤含水量等模式外参量初值可影响较长时效的预报；模式通过边界只能引入大于等于边值更新周期4倍的时间尺度的信息，更快的信息则被过滤掉；等等。其中一些结论对今后发展中尺度数值预报及其资料同化具有参考价值。 相似文献
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