Recently, two novel binders, one by-product-based binder named as GM and one phosphate-based binder named as KMP, have emerged that can stabilize soils spiked with mixed lead and zinc contaminants. However, field evaluations of the stabilization of actual soils that contaminated with mixed zinc (Zn) and inorganic chloride (Cl?) using GM and KMP have not been performed yet. This study presents a pilot-scale field test to evaluate the performance of GM and KMP to stabilize these inorganic contaminants in soils at two locations in an abandoned industrial plating plant site. The field soils were stabilized and cured for 1, 3, 7, and 28 days and tested for dry density, dynamic cone penetration, soil pH, and leachability. Laboratory unconfined compression tests were performed, and the relationship between unconfined compressive strength and dynamic cone penetrometer index was assessed. The results showed that the strength of both the GM- and KMP-stabilized soils after 28-day curing improved significantly, and the leached Zn and Cl? concentrations were well below the corresponding remediation limits. In general, the KMP-stabilized soil demonstrated superior performance in terms of higher dry density, unconfined compressive strength, average dynamic cone penetration resistance, lower dynamic cone penetrometer index in the early curing stage (7 days), and lower leached Zn concentration under all curing times. In contrast, the GM exhibited superior immobilization of Cl? in the contaminated soil irrespective of the curing time. The results demonstrate that GM and KMP are promising binders for treating Zn- and Cl?-contaminated soils at plating and other industry sites with similar contaminants.
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本文利用THEMIS卫星的磁场数据和等离子体观测数据,统计分析地球磁尾等离子体片区域线性磁洞的发生率、时空尺度、分布特征、和发生率与地磁AE指数的相关性.分析结果表明磁尾等离子体片区域的磁洞的时间尺度为几秒到几十秒,空间尺度小于当地的质子回旋半径.通过磁洞在空间的位置分布和卫星数据在空间的数据采样分布的对比,我们发现线性磁洞在等离子体片内经常发生,然而在磁尾等离子体片中的发生率要小于太阳风中磁洞的发生率.本文最后统计分析了磁洞发生和AE指数的相关性,结果表明磁洞可能与地磁活动有关系. 相似文献
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深渊海沟作为海洋的最深处,是最不被人了解的地球生态环境之一。有机质的输入、含量和活性对于维持深渊生态系统和深渊生物地球化学循环至关重要。本文利用脂肪酸生物标志物方法,研究了来自阿塔卡马海沟的4个沉积物柱状样(长度为15-35cm),比较了水深2560-7770m的深渊(A5, A10)和非深渊(A1, A9)站位的脂肪酸含量、来源和保存状况。本研究共检测到50种脂肪酸化合物,包括来自陆源有机质的长链饱和脂肪酸,来自海源浮游植物的短链饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸,以及来自细菌的甲基支链脂肪酸。总脂肪酸的平均含量在非深渊站位A1最高[(13.4±2.9)mg/gdws],而深渊站位A5最低[(5.4±2.2)μg/gdws],这可能与各站位的初级生产力和水深有关。在所有站位中,海源脂肪酸均处于主导地位(61.6%±9.2%),其比例显著高于陆源脂肪酸(33.6%±10.7%)和细菌脂肪酸(4.9%±2.3%),表明在阿塔卡马海沟沉积物中脂肪酸主要是海源有机质的贡献。在每个站位,随着沉积物深度的增大,陆源脂肪酸的比例均明显增加,而海源脂肪酸的比例则减少,该结果与脂肪酸指数FA-Index的结果一致,表明短链脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸相比于长链饱和脂肪酸更易被降解。最后,非深渊站位的脂肪酸含量随着深度的增加表现出明显的降低,展现出稳定沉积环境中典型的有机质成岩作用,而深渊站位的脂肪酸含量尽管出现波动,但随深度无明显的下降趋势,这可能归结于地震、浊流作用下形成的不稳定沉积环境,有助于有机质从非深渊区向深渊区的快速输入和埋藏。 相似文献
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