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Sibel Bargu Melissa M. Baustian Nancy N. Rabalais Ross Del Rio Benjamin Von Korff R. Eugene Turner 《Estuaries and Coasts》2016,39(5):1345-1356
The presence of domoic acid (DA) toxin from multiple species of Pseudo-nitzschia is a concern in the highly productive food webs of the northern Gulf of Mexico. We documented the Pseudo-nitzschia presence, abundance, blooms, and toxicity over three years along a transect ～100 km west of the Mississippi River Delta on the continental shelf. Pseudo-nitzschia were present throughout the year and occurred in high abundances (>104 cells l?1) in the early spring months during high Mississippi River (MSR) flow (～20,000 m3 s?1) but were most abundant (>106 cells l?1) when MSR discharge was relatively lower among the spring months. A high particulate toxin production (maximum reaching 13 μg DA l?1) was associated with the high cell abundances and exceeded, by an order of magnitude, prior reports of particulate DA concentrations in Louisiana coastal waters. Differences in Pseudo-nitzschia peak times and its toxicity were correlated mainly with the timing and magnitude of MSR discharge and changes in associated parameters such as nutrient stoichiometry and salinity. A negative relationship between high MSR discharge and Pseudo-nitzschia and particulate DA concentrations was documented. These riverine dynamics have the potential to influence DA contamination in pelagic and benthic food webs in the coastal waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico. 相似文献
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海拉尔盆地基底晚古生代adakite的发现及其地质意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
海拉尔盆地的前中生代基底隶属中亚造山带东段的兴蒙造山带。 在盆地基底地层中发现了具有adakite成分特征的粗面安山岩、英安岩和闪长玢岩。 这些火成岩与晚古生代沉积地层交互或伴生, 共同构成晚中生代裂陷盆地的基底。 地球化学研究表明, 这些火成岩基本上属于高钾钙碱性和准铝质岩石系列, 具有高SiO2和Al2O3含量, 高Sr、Sr/Y和La/Yb值, 富集轻稀土(LREE), 亏损重稀土(HREE)、Y和高场强元素(HFSE),Eu表现弱的负异常或轻微的正异常, 相容元素Mg、Cr和Ni含量低, 这些特征与增厚下地壳部分熔融成因的adakite非常相似, 而明显不同于典型的由俯冲洋壳熔融形成的adakite。 样品的(87Sr/86Sr)i值基本一致,为0.7041, (143Nd/144Nd)i值为0.51243~0.51247, εNd (t)为正值(+3.7~+4.5), 显示其岩浆源区可能源于弱亏损地幔, 或亏损地幔受到地壳物质混染。 本文认为海拉尔地区晚古生代adakite型岩浆很可能是由当时新底侵的玄武质下地壳在角闪岩相向榴辉岩相过度或榴辉岩相条件下部分熔融形成。 这些adakite岩石的出现反映了兴蒙造山带晚古生代受到了古亚洲洋的俯冲消减引起的强烈的地幔玄武质岩浆底侵作用, 并由此导致地壳垂向上显著的增生加厚过程。 相似文献
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In an effort to detect motion of material in the corona, photographs were made with identical cameras from Nejapa, Mexico and from Kinston, North Carolina, U.S.A. The time separation of these two places from the point of view of the Moon's shadow arrival is almost exactly one hour. Two Questars, equipped with Nikon camera bodies were employed. The focal length is such (1440 mm) that the corona just nicely fills a standard 35 mm frame. Eastman XR film was used, in order to look at various radial portions of the corona, and a range of exposures from 0.1 to 4 s was programmed. The intent of the experiment was to seek some identifiable feature such as a condensation or intenser region and to determine whether it had moved appreciably in the time available. No motion was detected in any feature observable, from which a conclusion is drawn that the velocities were less than about 20 km/s. The data was sought in connection with our studies of the possible mechanisms of acceleration of particles in the Sun.Supported in part by NASA contracts NAS 1-5209 and NAS 1-10282. 相似文献
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The 557.7 nm OI night airglow emission was measured in the central polar cap by ground-based photometric systems at Thule Air Base, Greenland during the winter seasons from 1972–1973 to 1974–1975 and at Thule-Qanaq, Greenland during the winter season of 1973–1974. The behavior of the 557.7 nm night airglow emission in the polar cap was found to be quite different from that observed at mid and low latitudes. No diurnal variation greater than ±5% exist in the data. Large amplitude variations in the 557.7 nm daily average emission intensities can change by up to a factor of approximately 8 over periods ranging from 4 to 19 days. These long-term airglow variations cover at least a 100 km horizontal range as determined by a correlation coefficient of 0.94 between daily average 557.7 nm airglow intensities observed at Thule Air Base and Thule-Qanaq. An interplanetary magnetic field sector related behavior is evident in the daily average intensities which shows an increase of intensity in a positive (+) sector and a decrease of intensity in a negative (?) sector. No significant correlation was found between the 557.7 nm daily average intensities and Zurich sunspot number RZ, although a season to season positive trend was evident. Correlations between the 557.7 nm daily average intensities and planetary magnetic indices ΣKp and Ap were found to be inconclusive due to sector related effects. The Barth and Chapman mechanisms are discussed as possible source mechanisms for the 557.7 nm airglow in the central polar cap, and a hypothesis is presented to explain the airglow variations. 相似文献
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Vibratory driving is the most common installation technique for steel sheet pile walls. In practice, the assessment of the feasibility of this installation process is mainly based on rules of thumb, on numerical and empirical models or on experts opinions. In order to improve these prediction methods and formulas, 252 observations from the Dutch engineering practice have been compared with six different types of models. This comparison has been carried out applying the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve technique, which is new in geotechnical engineering. This paper introduces the ROC-curve technique to estimate mainly the quality of a model and to be able to optimize parameters and variables in the model. 252 field observations were used to re-examine prediction methods for the minimum required vibration force and to prove the ROC method works. The paper shows this technique is suitable for three purposes: (1) determining the quality of a model, (2) objectively comparing several models to each other, given certain assumptions and (3) for optimizing thresholds within a model. The model with added professionals’ experience proves to perform equally well as the numerical model Hypervib-I. 相似文献
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