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1.
Ichiro Hasegawa 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1996,72(1-3):311-316
Chinese and Japanese historical records of daytime fireballs, and world-wide daytime meteorite falls in the catalogue have been investigated. Among them, there are 253 and 104 records of great daytime fireballs in China and in Japan respectively, and 506 meteorite falls in the daytime are recorded in the Catalogue of Meteorites (1985). The same trends of seasonal and daily variations in the flux of daytime fireballs are clearly seen in both Chinese and Japanese records, and then the distributions of the daytime fireballs seem to suggest the association with meteorites and near-earth minor planets rather than with comets. Possible relations with minor planets, such as (1566) Icarus, (3671) Dionysius, (4450) Pan, (4486) Mithra and others are suggested. 相似文献
2.
Irvine WM Friberg P Hjalmarson A Ishikawa S Kaifu N Kawaguchi K Madden SC Matthews HE Ohishi M Saito S Suzuki H Thaddeus P Turner BE Yamamoto S Ziurys LM 《The Astrophysical journal》1988,334(2):L107-L111
We report the astronomical identification of the cyanomethyl radical, CH2CN, the heaviest nonlinear molecular radical to be identified in interstellar clouds. The complex fine and hyperfine structures of the lowest rotational transitions at about 20.12 and 40.24 GHz are resolved in TMC-1, where the abundance appears to be about 5 x 10(-9) relative to that of H2. This is significantly greater than the observed abundance of CH3CN (methyl cyanide) in TMC-1. In Sgr B2 the hyperfine structure is blended in the higher frequency transitions at 40, 80, and 100 GHz, although the spin-rotation doubling is clearly evident. Preliminary searches in other sources indicate that the distribution of CH2CN is similar to that for such carbon chain species as HC3N or C4H. 相似文献
3.
Ichiro Ishikawa Shigeaki Aoki Ryo Furue Nobuo Suginohara 《Journal of Oceanography》1996,52(5):617-632
In recognition that similarity in the density balance leads to resemblance in circulation between the two-dimensional non-rotating and three-dimensional rotating systems which have similar density stratification, we investigate convection induced by cooling at one side wall and heating at the sea surface by using a two-dimensional non-rotating model as idealized representation for the deep Pacific circulation. In the model, various vertical profiles are taken for the side wall cooling, which are assumed to correspond to the density structure of the Anatarctic Circumpolar Current. In a small diffusivity range, two important features are found to be robust against change in the vertical profile of the side wall cooling. One is that the density stratification is horizontally almost uniform. The other is that the balance in the density equation between the vertical advection and the vertical diffusion holds in the interior. Consequently, the vertical density balance, together with the equation of continuity, determines the circulation pattern for the prescribed vertical profile of the side wall cooling. The multi-layered meridional flow, which is expected to exist in the deep Pacific, is shown to form for certain vertical profiles of the side wall cooling. 相似文献
4.
5.
Simulation of Formation and Spreading of Salinity Minimum Associated with NPIW Using a High-Resolution Model 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
A series of numerical experiments were conducted with a high-resolution (eddy-permitting) North Pacific model to simulate
the formation and spreading of the salinity minimum associated with the North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW). It was found
that two factors are required to simulate a realistic configuration of the salinity minimum: a realistic wind stress field
and small-scale disturbances. The NCEP reanalyzed wind stress data lead to better results than the Hellerman and Rosenstein
wind stress data, due to the closer location of the simulated Oyashio and Kuroshio at the western boundary. Small-scale disturbances
formed by relaxing computational diffusivity included in the advection scheme promote the large-scale isopycnal mixing between
the Oyashio and Kuroshio waters, simulating a realistic configuration of the salinity minimum. A detailed analysis of the
Oyashio water transport was carried out on the final three-year data of the experiment with reduced computational diffusivity.
Simulated transport of the Kuroshio Extension in the intermediate layer is generally smaller than the observed value, while
those of the Oyashio and the flow at the subarctic front are comparable to the observed levels. In the Oyashio-Kuroshio interfrontal
zone the zonally integrated southward transport of the Oyashio water (140–155°E) is borne by the eddy activity, though the
time-mean flow reveals the existence of a coastal Oyashio intrusion. In the eastern part (155°E–180°) the zonally integrated
transport of the Oyashio water indicates a southward peak at the southern edge of the Kuroshio Extension, which corresponds
to the branching of the recirculating flow from the Kuroshio Extension.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
7.
In order to understand the actual formation process of the North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), structure of subsurface intrusions of the Oyashio water and the mixing of the Oyashio and the Kuroshio waters in and around the Kuroshio Extension (KE) were examined on the basis of a synoptic CTD observation carried out in May-June 1992. The fresh Oyashio water in the south of Hokkaido was transported into KE region through the Mixed Water Region (MWR) in the form of subsurface intrusions along two main paths. The one was along the east coast of northern Japan through the First Branch of the Oyashio (FBO) and the other along the eastern face of a warm streamer which connected KE with a warm core ring through the Second Branch of the Oyashio (SBO). The fresh Oyashio water extended southward through FBO strongly mixed with the saline NPIW transported by the Kuroshio in the south of Japan (old NPIW) in and around the warm streamer. On the other hand, the one through SBO well preserved its original properties and extended eastward beyond 150°E along KE with a form of rather narrow band. The intrusion ejected Oyashio water lens with a diameter of 50–60 km southward across KE axis and split northward into the MWR involved in the interaction of KE and a warm core ring, which were supposed to be primary processes of new NPIW formation. 相似文献
8.
High parallelization efficiency in barotropic-mode computation of ocean models based on multi-grid boundary ghost area 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In general, barotropic-mode computation requires the largest communication time in ocean models because of its iterative nature, when parallel computation is performed based on regional partitioning. In this study, reduction in the overhead time included in the communication in the parallel computation of the barotropic mode is considered to achieve a high parallelization efficiency of ocean models. We verify that the reduction in the communication frequency based on the multi-grid boundary ghost area reduces the total communication time. We find that this is because the sum of several kinds of overhead time for communication occupies a fairly large part of the total communication time. We discuss the trade-off between the decrease in communication time and the increase in computation time due to increased boundary area in such cases, leading to a determination of a suitable width of the multi-grid boundary that minimizes the total required time. We also discuss the efficiencies of the one- and two-dimensional partitioning of the model domain, when a multi-grid boundary is used. In general, two-dimensional partitioning is more efficient than one-dimensional for large partitioning numbers. 相似文献
9.
We present H monochromatic and spectroscopic observations of the sudden disappearance of a dark filament located near the center of the solar disk on October 26, 1989. The event was not associated with the flare activity. The dark filament first disintegrated into two loop-like components, and then each component successively showed ascending motion with a velocity greater than 30 km s–1. Comparison of the H pictures taken before and after the start of this event suggests that the dark filament was originally composed of two magnetic flux loops. 相似文献
10.
The outflow from the Sea of Okhotsk to the North Pacific is important in characterising the surface-to-intermediate-depth
water masses in the Pacific Ocean. The two basins are separated by the Kuril Islands with numerous straits, among which the
Bussol and the Kruzenshterna Straits are deeper than 1000 m. The physics governing the transport between the two basins is
complicated, but when the semidiurnal and diurnal tides are subtracted, the observed density and velocity structures across
the Bussol Strait suggest a significant contribution from geostrophic balance. Using a two-layer model with the interface
at 27.5σ
θ
, part of the upper layer transport that is not driven by tides is estimated using two previously unexplored data sets: outputs
from the Ocean General Circulation Model for Earth Simulator (OFES), and historical hydrographic data. The Pacific water flows
into the Sea of Okhotsk through the northeastern straits. The greatest inflow is through the Kruzenshtern Strait, but the
OFES results show that the contributions from other shallower straits are almost half of the Kruzenshtern inflow. Similarly,
the outflow from the Sea of Okhotsk is through the southwestern straits of the Kuril Islands with the largest Bussol Strait
contributing 60% of the total outflow. The OFES and hydrographic estimates agree that the exchange is strongest in February
to March, with an inflow of about −6 to −12 Sv (negative indicates the flow from the North Pacific, 1 Sv = 106 m3s−1), and an outflow from the Sea of Okhotsk of about +8 to +9 Sv (positive indicates the flow from the Sea of Okhotsk), which
is weakest in summer (−3 to +1 Sv through the northeastern straits and +0 to +3 Sv through the southwestern straits). The
estimated seasonal variation is consistent with a simple analytic model driven by the difference in sea surface height between
the two basins. 相似文献