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The concentration of Kepone in extruded egg masses and the backfin muscles of the blue crab,Callinectes sapidus, collected from seven stations in the lower James River and lower Chesapeake Bay was determined. Crabs from the lower James River were generally more contaminated than those from the lower Chesapeake Bay. Extruded eggs contain approximately three times more Kepone than backfin muscle. Egg extrusion is concluded to be a major route of Kepone clearance from female blue crabs. 相似文献
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Migrated multichannel seismic reflection profiles and bathymetry from a 200 × 120 km area of the Nankai Trough inner slope reveal three physiographic-tectonic domains on the lowermost slope. Linear ridges demarking laterally-continuous hangingwall anticlines above ramps in a relatively simple imbricate stack of trench turbidites characterize the western domain. An imbricate fan underlies a relatively flat structural terrace in the east. Between these two domains lies a compound knoll (Minami Muroto Knoll) some 40 km long, opposite which the thrust front pushes some 10 km further seaward than is the case in the domains to east and west. In the western ‘linear-ridge’ domain previous DSDP drilling penetrated turbiditic trench fill uplifted in the lowermost thrust-fold terrace above a decollement within the underthrusting Shikoku Basin (oceanic plate) sequence. The Shikoku Basin sequence in the western domain is divided into an upper, poorly reflective, hemipelagic claystone unit and a lower, strongly reflective, unit comprising Pliocene turbidites. The lower unit is traceable intact up to c.20 km landward below the lower trench slope and in the better resolved profiles the decollement lies along the base of the claystone unit. A similar decollement within the Shikoku Basin sequence in the eastern domain is traceable up to c.22 km landward. A critical seismic record crossing the western part of Minami-Muroto Knoll shows that the decollement is traceable only 8 km landward to a point, under the steep slope at the front of the knoll, landward of which the subducting Shikoku basin sequence is apparently thickened by as much as twice. This thickening, occuring as it does immediately along-strike from a simple imbricate fan to the east of the knoll and a relatively simple imbricate stack to the west (both evidently involving no strata from the lower Shikoku Basin unit) we ascribe to underplating by formation of duplexes of Shikoku Basin strata. Strike-parallel extension, akin to that postulated for high structural levels in certain thrust belts, is caused by uplift of the knoll as a result either of the underplating, or segmentation of the subducting oceanic crust, or both: a normal fault throws to the west off the west flank of the knoll. It bounds a transverse, trough-like, slope-basin with at least 900 m of fill. Upslope from the knoll broadly slope-parallel normal faults cut, and pond, recent slope sediments. The most impressive is a listric growth fault which dips trenchward. Alternative explanations for these involve extensional collapse of this part of the prism resulting from the subduction of a topographic high, or a zone of selective underplating below the trenchward portion of Minami Murato Knoll. 相似文献
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The suspended sediment contained in six flood events in the Hoanib River catchment during the wet season of 1999/2000 were analysed for volatile (or low molecular weight) fine particulate organic material (FPOM), higher molecular weight FPOM and the total organic carbon (TOC). Samples were evaporated to dryness at 80 °C, then heated in a high temperature oven to 250, 550 and 850 °C. The results show that the amount of sediment carried during the flood events varied between 1.54 and 31.27 g/L, with an average of 14.62 g/L. The amount of suspended sediment in the flood-waters (2.789–616.359×106 kg) was found to be dependent on the timing and duration of the flood event. The largest percentage of organic material was found in the volatile FPOM fraction (5.77±6.26%), with lesser amounts being found in the higher molecular weight FPOM (3.36±0.62%) and TOC (4.93±1.86%) fractions. 相似文献
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S. J. Warren D. J. Mortlock S. K. Leggett D. J. Pinfield D. Homeier S. Dye R. F. Jameson N. Lodieu P. W. Lucas A. J. Adamson F. Allard D. Barrado y Navascués M. Casali K. Chiu N. C. Hambly P. C. Hewett P. Hirst M. J. Irwin A. Lawrence M. C. Liu † E. L. Martín R. L. Smart L. Valdivielso B. P. Venemans 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,381(4):1400-1412
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The Discovery of a Second Field Methane Brown Dwarf from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data
Tsvetanov ZI Golimowski DA Zheng W Geballe TR Leggett SK Ford HC Davidsen AF Uomoto A Fan X Knapp GR Strauss MA Brinkmann J Lamb DQ Newberg HJ Rechenmacher R Schneider DP York DG Lupton RH Pier JR Annis J Csabai I Hindsley RB Ivesic Z Munn JA Thakar AR Waddell P 《The Astrophysical journal》2000,531(1):L61-L65
We report the discovery of a second field methane brown dwarf from the commissioning data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The object, SDSS J134646.45-003150.4 (hereafter SDSS 1346-00), was selected because of its very red color and stellar appearance. Its spectrum between 0.8 and 2.5 μm is dominated by strong absorption bands of H2O and CH4 and closely mimics those of Gliese 229B and SDSS 162414.37+002915.6 (hereafter SDSS 1624+00), two other known methane brown dwarfs. SDSS 1346-00 is approximately 1.5 mag fainter than Gliese 229B, suggesting that it lies about 11 pc from the Sun. The ratio of flux at 2.1 μm to that at 1.27 μm is larger for SDSS 1346-00 than for Gliese 229B and SDSS 1624+00, which suggests that SDSS 1346-00 has a slightly higher effective temperature than the others. Based on a search area of 130 deg2 and a detection limit of z*=19.8, we estimate a space density of 0.05 pc-3 for methane brown dwarfs with Teff approximately 1000 K in the 40 pc3 volume of our search. This estimate is based on small-sample statistics and should be treated with appropriate caution. 相似文献
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The hypothesis that recruitment variation in flatfishes should be most variable at the northern edge of the species range, least near the centre of the range, and intermediate near the southern limit was tested using stock and recruitment data generated from sequential population analysis for several different flatfish stocks involving four species (plaice Pleuronectes platessa, sole Solea vulgaris from the eastern Atlantic, American plaice Hippoglossoides platessoides, and yellowtail flounder Limanda ferruginae from the western Atlantic). Several groundfish species have been found to conform to this so-called species range hypothesis with the suggestion that density-independent processes predominate at the edges of the distributional range and density-dependent processes dominate in the centre of the range. Our results were generally inconsistent with the hypothesis: the coefficient of variation (CV) of recruitment for plaice in the eastern Atlantic was independent of latitude, the CV of recruitment for sole exhibited a dome-shaped relationship with latitude with the highest CVs occurring at the mid-point of the range, and the CV of recruitment for the western Atlantic stocks exhibited a monotonic decrease with latitude. We extended our latitudinal analyses by assessing both the degree of dependency of recruitment on spawning stock biomass and the spatial and temporal scales of variability in recruitment and pre-recruit survival for the eastern Atlantic stocks. In general our analysis revealed no evidence of a strong stock and recruitment relationship for any of the stocks examined, and previously published analyses revealed no such patterns with latitude. Analysis of both de-trended recruitment and pre-recruit survival time series over the species ranges of sole and plaice revealed strong positive correlations among adjacent stocks and inverse correlations among stocks at the extremes of the range. Recruitment variation in the flatfish stocks examined appears to be dominated by density-independent factors, operating at a local scale, on the egg and larval stages. 相似文献
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R. Ian Acworth Gabriel C. Rau Mark O. Cuthbert Evan Jensen Keith Leggett 《Hydrogeology Journal》2016,24(4):905-921
Quantifying dryland groundwater recharge as a function of climate variability is becoming increasingly important in the face of a globally depleted resource, yet this remains a major challenge due to lack of adequate monitoring and the complexity of processes involved. A previously unpublished and unique dataset of high density and frequency rainfall measurements is presented, from the Fowlers Gap Arid Zone Research Station in western New South Wales (Australia). The dataset confirms extreme spatial and temporal variability in rainfall distribution which has been observed in other dryland areas and is generally explained by the dominance of individual storm cells. Contrary to previous observations, however, this dataset contains only a few localised storm cells despite the variability. The implications of spatiotemporal rainfall variability on the estimation of groundwater recharge is assessed and show that the most likely recharge mechanism is through indirect and localised, rather than direct, recharge. Examples of rainfall and stream gauge height illustrate runoff generation when a spatially averaged threshold of 15–25 mm (depending on the antecedent moisture conditions) is exceeded. Preliminary assessment of groundwater levels illustrates that the regional water table is much deeper than anticipated, especially considering the expected magnitude of indirect and localised recharge. A possible explanation is that pathways for indirect and localised recharge are inhibited by the large quantities of Aeolian dust observed at the site. Runoff readily occurs with water collecting in surface lakes which slowly dry and disappear. Assuming direct groundwater recharge under these conditions will significantly overestimate actual recharge. 相似文献