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1.
在系统收集和分析中国大陆的活动构造、地震活动和地球物理场资料的基础上，初步圈定出769个构造物理潜在震源，并对其中477个位于主要强震区、带内的潜在震源进行了空间几何定量描述和基本震源参数的系统分析，在GIS平台上开发了分析系统，逐一计算了每一潜在震源的十年发震概率，圈定了1999～2008年的强震危险区，根据发震概率的大小对危险区的危险性进行分类。近几年发生的强震与预测结果的对比检验结果表明，用构造物理模型确定的十年地震危险区具有较好的预测效果。 相似文献
2.
浙江省不同强度降水日数的时空分布特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据浙江省1961～2010年逐日降水量资料,在对不同等级降水日数进行趋势分析的基础上,运用Mann-Kendall检验、等值线分布等方法对显著降水事件进行时空分布特征的研究,探讨浙江省不同等级降水日数的时间演变趋势和空间分布特征。结果表明:近50 a来,浙江省总降水日数呈明显的下降趋势,相当于每10 a减少4.82 d,其中小雨日数占总雨日的73.00%。在时间变化上,总雨日和小雨日均在1980年代中后期发生突变,转为急剧下降趋势,且小雨日的减少趋势略超前于总雨日。在空间分布上,年降水日数和小雨日数的空间分布基本一致,在台州、宁波出现了高值中心,低值区域主要分布在浙江东北部,而浙西南地区变化平缓;空间趋势分布表现为全省一致的减少趋势,东部沿海下降趋势显著,而内陆地区下降缓慢。浙江省年雨量及其气候倾向率的分布,均表现出较明显的"东—西"向差异,和地形高低有一定关系。年雨量整体表现为增加趋势。以上研究说明,在近50a来,浙江省发生极端天气事件的概率明显增加,干旱或洪涝的趋势或风险加大。 相似文献
3.
伊洛河流域典型地区森林景观格局动态 总被引：28，自引：1，他引：27
以野外调查资料和1983~1999年森林资源分布图为主要信息源,用ARC/INFO作为空间信息处理工具,采用斑块数、平均斑块面积、破碎化指数、斑块伸长指数、分数维、稳定度等指标分析了近20年来伊洛河流域中部典型地区的森林景观格局动态。结果表明,(1) 研究区内森林总面积在增加,斑块数量迅速增大,由556块增至1 494块。其中以刺槐林、经济林和杨树林斑块数量增加最多。景观破碎化程度明显加大。(2) 森林景观要素中灌木林、刺槐林、经济林、杨树林、栎林等斑块的面积有所增加,而非林地、荒草地、疏林、油松林等斑块的面积有所减小;除杨树林外,各森林类型斑块的平均面积都在减小。 (3) 研究区内沟谷植被覆盖面积共减少了220 827.9 hm2;丘陵森林覆被面积由1983年的161 870.4 hm2增加到1999年的312 599.7 hm2,增加了93.1%;斑块数目由79块增加到758块,增加了860%。而丘陵地区斑块平均面积却大大减小;山地森林覆被面积有所减少,由1983年的375 348.6 hm2减小到1999年的338 733.9 hm2,而斑块数却大幅度增加,由1983年的432块增加到1999年的1 127块,增加了695块。(4) 研究区南北山坡森林景观格局变化明显不同,这与南北坡土地类型不同、人类活动方式不同和地形地势的差别有关。 相似文献
4.
Based on the information from forest resources distribution maps of Luoning County of 1983 and 1999, six indices were used to analyze spatial patterns and dynamics of forest landscapes of the typical region in the middle of the Yihe-Luohe river basin. These indices include patch number, mean patch area, fragment index, patch extension index, etc. The results showed that: (1) There was a rapid increase in the number of patch and total area from 1983 to 1999 in the study area. The fragment degree became very high. (2) The area of all the forest patch types had witnessed great changes. The fractal degree of each forest patch type became big from 1983 to 1999. The mean extension index of Robinia pseudoacacia forest, non-forest, shrub forest, sparse forest, and Quercus species forest increased rapidly, but that of economic forest became zero. The fractal dimension each showed that forest coverage has been promoted. (3) The changes of landscape patterns were different in different geomorphic regions. From 1983 to 1999 the vegetation cover area, the gross number and the density of patch, diversity and evenness of landscape were all reduced greatly in gullies and ravines, but the maximum area and the mean area of patch types were increased. In hilly region, both the forest cover area and the number of patch increased from 1983 to 1999, but the mean area of patch was reduced greatly. In mountain region, even though the area under forest canopy reduced from 1983 to 1999, the patch number was increased greatly, the mean area of all patch types was reduced, the extension index, diversity index and evenness index of landscape were all increased. Furthermore, because of different types of land use, human activity and terrain, the vegetation changes on northern and southern mountain slopes were different. According to these analyses, the main driving forces, such as the policies of management, market economy, influence of human activities etc. are brought out. 相似文献
5.
华北地区夏季降水日变化的时空分布特征 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
利用2008~2014年间全国自动站观测降水和CMORPH[CPC（Climate Prediction Center）morphing technique]卫星反演降水资料融合而成的0.1°×0.1°小时降水产品揭示了华北夏季降水的日变化特征,发现华北多数地区夏季降水量和降水频率日变化呈现出明显的双峰特征且存在明显的区域性差异。在太行山以西地区,降水量和降水频率的日峰值出现在傍晚18:00左右（北京时）,规律性最强;而在太行山以东的平原和沿海地区,日峰值一般出现在上午。研究不同持续时间降水对总降水的贡献发现短时降水对傍晚的降水日峰值贡献较大,而长时降水则对凌晨的峰值影响更大。分析不同强度降水对总降水量的贡献结果表明,0.1~10 mm h-1强度降水较其它强度降水对夏季华北地区总降水量贡献更大,随着降水强度的增加降水量日变化的峰值个数增加。 相似文献
6.
根据植物化石证据,在早第三纪早、中期,南极乔治王岛地区曾出现过温暖、潮湿的气候,作者认为,当时南半球各板块的相对位置以及由此而引起的洋流的变化,很可能是造成这种温暖气候的主要原因。 相似文献
7.
丽水市气象信息共享平台设计与实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用Div+CSS进行网页布局,结合JavaScript、C++、VB、ASP等多种计算机编程语言,设计和开发了基于数据库系统的丽水市气象信息共享平台。该平台的应用,规范了丽水市各级台站气象信息的格式内容和发布流程,充分满足了当前天气、气候业务系统的需要,并增加了气象决策服务和文档资料等信息的监控与共享。成功实现了气象信息显示和共享的自动化、集约化和图形化,以直观、形象的图形文字方式在网络上发布信息,资料共享时效性强,同时还提供提醒和报警功能。 相似文献
8.
卫星热红外温度异常点是天线附近背景噪声与地球信息随机共振的结果。温度异常点是卫星热红外图像新的信息源，温度异常点在利用卫星热红外信息和研究地球脉搏方面可以发挥重要作用。卫星热红外温度异常点的发现开拓了随机共振应用的新领域。 相似文献
9.
The concept of stochastic resonance(SR) has been introduced into the analysis of satellite thermal infrared images.Six kinds of anomalous phenomena related to crustal movement were recognized in satellite thermal infrared images.Six diagnostic indicators for the prediction of global earthquakes with magnitude≥6.0 and their quantitative evaluation standards have been established.The microscopic behavior of global crustal movement is successfully controlled by using satellite thermal infrared imagery,and the occurrence time and magnitude of over 80% of global strong earthquakes occureed since the foundation of the observation station have been successfully predicted.It is believed that the combination of satellite thermal infrared information with macroscopic anomalous phenomena will play an important role in earthquake hazerd reduction. 相似文献
10.
Alpine Ecosystems of Northwest Yunnan, China： an Initial Assessment for Conservation 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ruth Sherman Renee Mullen LI Haomin FANG Zhendong WANG Yi 《山地科学学报》2007,4(3):181-192
Implementing conservation actions on-the-ground is not a straightforward process,especially when faced with high scientific uncertainty due to limited available information. This is especially acute in regions of the world that harbor many unique species that have not been well studied,such as the alpine zone of the Hengduan Mountains of Northwest Yunnan (NWY),a global biodiversity hotspot and site of The Nature Conservancy’s Yunnan Great Rivers Project. We conducted a quantitative,but rapid regional-level assessment of the alpine flora across NWY to provide a broad-based understanding of local and regional patterns of the alpine flora,the first large-scale analysis of alpine biodiversity patterns in this region. Multivariate analyses were used to classify the major plant community types and link community patterns to habitat variables. Our analysis indicated that most species had small distributions and/or small population sizes. Strong patterns emerged with higher diversity in the more northern mountains,but beta diversity was high,averaging only 10% among sites. The ordinations indicated that elevation and geographic location were the dominant environ-mental gradients underlying the differences in the species composition among communities. The high beta diversity across the alpine of these mountains implies that conservation strategies ultimately will require the protection of large numbers of species over a large geographical area. However,prioritiza-tion should be given to areas where potential payoffs are greatest. Sites with high species richness also have a greater number of endemic species,and,by focusing efforts on these sites,conservation investments would be maximized by protecting the greatest number of unique species. 相似文献