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1.
汶川地震灾区无人机遥感影像获取与可视化管理系统研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
介绍无人机遥感影像获取、纠正、配准及可视化管理的关键技术与系统研发.论文设计无人机影像获取及三维可视化管理系统的框架结构,包括航迹规划、无人机影像获取、影像预处理及三维可视化4个子系统;讨论了基于高分辨率遥感影像的无人机影像配准、无人机影像的空间索引管理、基于四叉树的影像金字塔及细节层次模型等关键技术.基于自主研发的虚拟地理环境数字地球平台(VGE-3DGJobeEanh),构建了汶川地震应急三维可视化遥感影像管理系统,在"5·12"汶川地震的救援与次生灾害应急中进行了实践应用.同时该系统可继续服务于汶川地震灾后重建的信息共享管理、发布以及空间决策支持. 相似文献
2.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HORIZONTAL VORTICITY INDUCED BY
VERTICAL SHEAR AND VERTICAL MOTION DURING A SQUALL LINE
PROCESS 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The horizontal vorticity equation used in this study
was obtained using the equations of motion in the pressure
coordinate system without considering friction, to reveal its
relationship with vertical shear. By diagnostically analyzing
each term in the horizontal vorticity equation during a squall
line process that occurred on 19 June 2010, we found that the
non-thermal wind term had a negative contribution to the local
change of upward movement in the low-level atmosphere, and that
its impact changed gradually from negative to positive with
altitude, which could influence upward movement in the mid- and
upper-level atmosphere greatly. The contribution of upward
vertical transport to vertical movement was the largest in the
low-level atmosphere, but had negative contribution to the
upper-level atmosphere. These features were most evident in the
development stage of the squall line. Based on analysis of
convection cells along a squall line, we found that in the
process of cell development diabatic heating caused the
subsidence of constant potential temperature surface and non-
geostrophic motion, which then triggered strong convergence of
horizontal acceleration in the mid-level atmosphere and
divergence of horizontal acceleration in the upper-level
atmosphere. These changes of horizontal wind field could cause a
counterclockwise increment of the horizontal vorticity around
the warm cell, which then generated an increase of upward
movement. This was the main reason why the non-thermal wind term
had the largest contribution to the strengthening of upward
movement in the mid- and upper-level atmosphere. The vertical
transport of large value of horizontal vorticity was the key to
trigger convection in this squall line process. 相似文献
3.
1984年11月23日宁夏灵武县境内发生了一次5.3级地震,地震前距震中60公里的子口子台GS-15重力仪观测到了时间近三个月、幅度达100×10~(-8)米/秒~2的异常变化,同时,在震中及其外围地区几条流动重力测段也观测到了不同程度的异常,异常幅度都大干2mσ。这些异常震前有所觉察,并为该次地震的短期预报起了一定的作用。 相似文献
4.
This paper uses the ARW-WRF model to carry out a numerical simulation of a warm-sector heavy rainfall event over southern China on the 22–23 May, 2014. A composite analysis method was used to analyze the evolution process and structural features of the convective cells on a convection line during this rainfall event. This analysis identified three stages: (1) Stage of activation: the equivalent potential temperature surfaces as lower layers start to bulge and form warm cells and weak vertical convective cloud towers which are subject to the impact of low-level warm moist updrafts in the rainfall sector; (2) Stage of development: the warm cells continue to bulge and form warm air columns and the convective cloud towers develop upwards becoming stronger as they rise; (3) Stage of maturity: the warm air columns start to connect with the stable layer in the upper air; the convective cloud tower will bend and tilt westward with each increasing in height, and the convection cell is characterized by a “crescent-shaped echo” above the 700hPa plane. During this stage the internal temperature of the cell is higher than the ambient temperature and the dynamic structural field is manifested as intensive vertical upward movement. The large-value centers of the northerly and westerly winds in the middle layer correspond to the warm moist center in the cells and the relatively cold center south of the warm air column. Further analysis shows that the formation of the “crescent-shaped” convective cell is associated with horizontal vorticity. Horizontal vorticity in the center and west of the warm cell experiences stronger cyclonic and anticyclonic shear transformation over time; this not only causes the original suborbicular cell echo shape to develop into a crescent-like shape, but also makes a convection line consisting of cells that develop to the northwest. 相似文献
5.
6.
通过实况资料以及WRF模式对广西地区的一次飑线过程进行数值模拟,根据模拟结果对飑线内中尺度涡旋MVs(Mesoscale Vortices,MVs)和后向入流与地面大风的成因关系进行了分析。通过涡度收支和涡线分析得出,弓状回波中存在东西涡旋对,其生成主要是散度项造成,中间相对弱的反气旋涡旋是涡线拱起产生的水平涡度向垂直涡度转换引起。通过计算正负涡旋对引起的旋转风从而量化了涡旋对对地面大风的贡献。结果发现,本次过程中涡旋对引起的旋转风在地面大风中占有较大比重,约40%～50%。当去除涡旋对引起的旋转风时,地面大风的强度减弱,位置偏移。由三维流线可以看出后向入流的下沉是产生地面大风的另一个影响因子。通过对浮力加速度和动力加速度进行诊断发现,后向入流的下沉主要是由于负的浮力加速度引起,水平方向的密度不均匀是负浮力加速度产生的主要因子,但在风速突然加强时,动力加速度也有明显的影响。 相似文献
7.
大别山地形对江淮飑线发展变化及组织结构的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用中尺度WRF模式,NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及常规气象观测资料,对2014年7月11—12日发生在江淮地区的一次飑线过程进行数值模拟、地形敏感性试验和对比分析,研究了在经过大别山地形时飑线内部组织结构的变化特征以及地形对其发展的影响。结果表明:(1)飑线经过大别山主体时在山前加强以及过山后迅速减弱的主要原因与山前对流不稳定、上升运动大于山后有关;(2)大别山东部边缘对飑线的加强有增幅作用:当午后飑线移至大别山东部边缘时,东部边缘的谷风加强并强迫对流单体在飑线的前部新生,试验得出谷风可使低层风速最大增强6 m·s~(-1)左右,若无山谷存在时前向新生单体不再出现;(3)经地形敏感性试验得出:地形引发的大别山东部背风一侧的背风波扰动,有利于飑线内部对流单体的发展与加强,同时充沛的水汽补充,也是下山后飑线加强的因子之一。 相似文献
8.
利用ARW-WRF模式对2014年7月4日12时—5日06时发生在安徽中南部的一次由江淮气旋引发的强降水过程进行模拟,得到暖锋上雨带的雷达回波结构,与实况有较好的一致性。对气旋暖锋上出现的多个小对流带的结构与成因进行了分析,发现暖锋小对流带的高度模拟和实况均在300 hPa以下,其生命史约2～3 h,最长100 km,宽10 km,带与带间距50～100 km,均随高度向东南方向倾斜。其环流特征为对流区东部从低层到高层多对应暖空气上升;对流区西部中上层多为冷区控制;近地面则有类似冷池存在,对流带南部的上升气流有利于对流云的后向新生和形成带状结构。小对流带上,800 hPa有0Ri1和I_(EPV)0区域,稳定层结内出现滚轴状流场分布,有重力波存在的结构特征;600～700 hPa为对流不稳定,对流带间I_(EPV)0。可见暖空气沿暖锋爬升时,在800 hPa附近,由于满足条件性对称不稳定条件,触发条件性对称不稳定和重力波,暖空气继续上升时触发700 hPa之上的对流不稳定,即影响本次暖锋小对流带形成的原因主要为对称-对流不稳定。 相似文献
9.
利用NCEP/NCAR水平分辨率为1°×1°、逐6 h的分析资料,以及JTWC(美国联合台风预警中心,Joint Typhoon Warning Center)最佳TC路径资料,对2004—2010年5—9月北半球100°E~180°范围内,118例TC生成时刻周围系统辐散风的大小以及时间和空间分布特征进行了统计分析,根据作用系统的不同将TC分为7种类型,其中:1)越赤道气流型;2)越赤道气流和副高相当型;3)越赤道气流强,副高弱型;4)副高型,这4种类型最多,占总数的91.5%以上。以TC为中心,在新生TC闭合环流外500 km范围内,第Ⅰ象限为副高的影响,在第Ⅱ象限多为副高与大陆高压影响,第Ⅲ象限为越赤道气流影响,而在第Ⅳ象限多为越赤道气流影响,少数为副高影响。区域平均越赤道气流辐散风的影响强度在0.7~3.5 m·s~(-1)的范围内,副高辐散风的影响强度在0.6~1.5 m·s~(-1)的范围内。对0704号的控制试验和敏感性试验表明,去掉TC自身的作用后,仍然会在一段时间后生成新的TC,这也验证了周围系统对TC的生成有重要的作用。 相似文献
10.
A NOVEL METHOD FOR CALCULATING VERTICAL VELOCITY: A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HORIZONTAL VORTICITY AND VERTICAL MOVEMENT 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The present work provides a novel method for calculating vertical velocity based on continuity equations in a pressure coordinate system.The method overcomes the disadvantage of accumulation of calculating errors of horizontal divergence in current kinematics methods during the integration for calculating vertical velocity,and consequently avoids its subsequent correction.In addition,through modifications of the continuity equations,it shows that the vorticity of the vertical shear vector(VVSV) is proportional to-ω,the vertical velocity in p coordinates.Furthermore,if the change of ω in the horizontal direction is neglected,the vorticity of the horizontal vorticity vector is proportional to-ω.When ω is under a fluctuating state in the vertical direction,the updraft occurs when the vector of horizontal vorticity rotates counterclockwise;the downdraft occurs when rotating clockwise.The validation result indicates that the present method is generally better than the vertical velocity calculated by the ω equation using the wet Q-vector divergence as a forcing term,and the vertical velocity calculated by utilizing the kinematics method is followed by the O'Brien method for correction.The plus-minus sign of the vertical velocity obtained with this method is not correlated with the intensity of d BZ,but the absolute error increases when d BZ is =40.This method demonstrates that it is a good reflection of the direction of the vertical velocity. 相似文献