东亚冬季风异常与广东前汛期旱涝关系的初步分析   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

曾琮胡斯团  梁建茵林良勋谢炯光  纪忠萍李晓娟 易爱民 《应用气象学报》2005,16(5):645-654

利用500hPa北半球格点资料,参照历史平均东亚大槽位置,定义了东亚冬季风强度指数(I₅₀₀)。分析发现,近50年东亚冬季风强度有减弱趋势,特别是1987年以来冬季风明显减弱。根据广东48个站1954～2004年前汛期(4～6月)降水资料,用区域旱涝指数W对广东前汛期旱涝等级进行划分。51年内广东有9年前汛期出现大涝(或特涝),11年出现大旱(或特旱),旱涝发生频繁。冬季风异常对广东前汛期降水的影响比较大,强冬季风年后广东前汛期出现大旱的可能性较大,而出现大涝的可能性很小。  相似文献   

极地海冰异常对我国夏季大气环流和降水影响的数值研究   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

吴尚森  梁建茵  纪忠萍 《热带气象学报》1996,12(2):105-112

利用全球大气环流谱模式分别进行了南极和北极海冰面积异常偏大和偏小的数值试验，对６－８月的结果进行了对比分析，讨论了极地海冰异常对我国夏季大气环流和降水的可能影响。结果表明，南极或北极海冰面积异常偏大，则我国夏季风变弱，特别蝇使得南亚高压、西北太平洋副热带高压等减弱。南极海冰面积偏大使得我国黄河－长江－带地区降水减少，北极海冰面积偏大，造成我国东部地区的降水量有所减少，模拟结果与统计分析相一致。可同  相似文献   

THE VARIATION OF THE SPRING PRECIPITATION IN GUANGZHOU AND ITS PRECURSORY SIGNALS     

谷德军  纪忠萍  林爱兰  郝立生 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2006,12(2):121-129

Guangzhou spring rainfall mainly exhibits interannual variation of Quasi-biannual and interdecadal variation of 30 yrs, and is in the period of weak rainfall at interdecadal time scale. SST anomalies (SSTA) of Nino3 are the strongest precursor of Guangzhou spring rainfall. They have significant positive correlation from previous November and persist stably to April. Nino3 SSTA in the previous winter affects Guangzhou spring rainfall through North Pacific subtropical high and low wind in spring. When Nino3 SSTA is positive in the previous winter, spring subtropical high is intense and westward, South China is located in the area of ascending airflow at the edge of the subtropical high, and water vapor transporting to South China is intensified by anticyclone circulation to the east of the Philippines. So Guangzhou spring rainfall is heavy. When Nino3 SSTA is negative, the subtropical high is weak and eastward, South China is far away from the subtropical high and is located in the area of descending airflow, and water vapor transporting to South China is weak because low-level cyclonic circulation controls areas to the east of the Philippines and north wind prevails in South China. So Guangzhou spring rainfall is weak and spring drought is resulted.  相似文献   

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCS SUMMER MONSOON INTENSITY AND OCEANIC THERMODYNAMIC VARIABLES AT DIFFERENT TIME SCALE     

谷德军  纪忠萍  王东晓  梁建茵  方一川 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2007,13(1):85-88

The oscillation characteristics of 1948 - 2003 South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon intensity (SCSSMI) is analyzed by wavelet transform and the relationship between SCSSMI filtered by Lanczos filter at different time scale and oceanic thermal conditions is studied. The results show that SCSSMI exhibits dominant interannual (about 4 a), decadal (about 9 a) and interdecadal (about 38 a) oscillation periods. The interannual variation is the strongest and the interdecadal variation the weakest. The region of significant correlation between SCS summer monsoon intensity and oceanic thermodynamic variables at different time scale is greatly different. Significant correlation area of interannual variation of SCSSMI is concentrated in near equatorial region. Corresponding correlation displays quasi-biannual variability. If positive anomalies of SST and the depth of thermocline happen in eastern equatorial Indian Ocean and western equatorial Pacific, and negative anomalies of SST and the depth of thermocline happen in western equatorial Indian Ocean and eastern equatorial Pacific in previous autumn and winter, the interannual variation of SCSSMI will enhance. If the condition is contrary, interannual variation of SCSSMI will weaken. The interannual variation of SCSSMI will influence SST. The region surrounding SCS and east of Australia shows significantly negative correlation in autumn, and significantly positive correlation exhibits in west equatorial Indian Ocean, eastern equatorial Pacific and equatorial Atlantic in winter. The decadal variation of SCSSMI is modulated by PDO. Interdecadal variation of SCSSMI is relevant to the global warming and PDO.  相似文献   

气温持续高低温阴雨轻初雷暴雨早雨日雨量多     

谢炯光 《广东气象》1998,(2)

1998年第一季度,广东省的天气特点是:气温持续偏高,低温阴雨轻,初雷、暴雨、强对流来得早,降雨量偏多.  相似文献   

最优气候均态法在月降水预报中的应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

纪忠萍  谢炯光 《广东气象》1998,15(Z2)

最优气候均态法是美国气候中心用于制作温度预报的一种方法,它是用最近Ｋ年的要素平均值作为下一年的预报值,制作简便,对作一年以上的预报有一定的技巧。本文利用广东省１９个测站１９５７～１９９７年６月的降水资料,通过对１９９４～１９９７逐年６月降水进行预报,尝试它在月降水预报中的应用,并与业务中经常使用的灰色预测、谐波分析、均生函数３种方法的预报效果进行了对比,发现它不亚于以上３种方法。１　方法简介　　最优气候均态法被定义为最近Ｋ年的要素平均。选取Ｋ年的标准是,用Ｋ年平均值作为下一年的预报值能得到一个最…  相似文献   

问题讨论(八)——对县站预报的几点看法     

谢炯光 《气象》1978,4(3):24-24

县站预报自诞生以来已经有20年的历史了。通过广泛深入的民主讨论和自由争辩,集中全国各地的好经验、好方法进行整理、归纳、提高,将大大促进我国县站天气预报技术的发展和提高。下面谈几点不成热的看法。 一、要有一套全国统一的基本分析工具 气象台预报有自己的基本分析工具——天气图。利用天气图可以研究各种气象要素的空间分布,并依据物理学中的热力学和动力学原理推  相似文献   

罗-辛假相当位温的精确计算     

陈创买  李晓娟  谢炯光  谢定升 《热带气象学报》2020,36(3):328-334

综合分析罗斯贝、辛普森、拉欣和桑德斯等关于空气的干绝热和湿绝热过程的研究,从定义出发,严格推出罗-辛假相当位温（θ_ses）的精确计算公式,包含罗斯贝假相当位温（θ_se）与辛普森假相当位温（θ_ss）,编制出5种假相当位温变量表,对比分析了文献[12]及其计算结果与本文相应结果的差异,并分析指出差异的原因。   相似文献   

CONNECTION OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON TO MARITIME CONTINENT CONVECTION AND ENSO     

谷德军  李天明  纪忠萍  郑彬 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2010,16(1):1-9

The relationship between the intensity of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) and the Nino3.4 index and anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns associated with a strong and weak SCSSM are investigated using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) data and Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) data. The SCSSM is significantly positively correlated with the Nino3.4 index in the succeeding northern autumn and winter. In the strong minus weak SCSSM composite, a positive East Asia-Pacific teleconnection (EAP) pattern and a negative Europe-Asian-Pacific teleconnection (EUP) pattern appear in the 500 hPa height difference field; low-level cross-equatorial flows are strengthened over the Maritime Continent (MC) region; positive (negative) precipitation anomalies occur in the South China Sea and western north Pacific (MC). A possible mechanism through which SCSSM affects ENSO is proposed. A strong (weak) SCSSM strengthens (weakens) cross-equatorial flows over the MC. The anomalous cross-equatorial flows cool (warm) the SST around the MC through enhanced (reduced) surface latent heat fluxes. The cooling (warming) further leads to suppressed (enhanced) convection over the MC, and causes the anomalous westerly (easterly) in the equatorial western Pacific, which favors the onset of El Ni?o (La Ni?a) through modulating the positive air-sea feedback process.  相似文献   

华南秋季蒸发量的时空演变特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

肖伟军  简茂球  叶爱芬  纪忠萍  吴乃庚 《热带气象学报》2008,24(4):385-390

利用华南区域66个气象站点1960～2004年的观测数据分析了华南秋季蒸发皿蒸发量和实际蒸发量的时空变化.分析结果表明:华南中部和西北部是华南秋季蒸发皿蒸发量的两个主要气候变异中心区,华南中部秋季蒸发皿蒸发量具有以年代际变化为主的特征,并且在45年内总体上呈下降趋势.在影响蒸发皿蒸发量的因子中,太阳辐射与蒸发皿蒸发量的相关性最好,呈显著的正相关.对实际蒸发量而言,华南中部和西部偏西地区则是两个主要的变异中心,两区域的秋季实际蒸发量具有以年际变化为主的特征,降水对华南秋季实际蒸发量的影响最为显著,华南秋季实际蒸发量一般都在蒸发皿蒸发量的40%左右,并且比值总体上呈现微弱的由南向北递增趋势.  相似文献