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海陆分布和地形对1998年夏季风爆发的热力影响 总被引：8，自引：9，他引：8
应用1980－1995年5天平均的CMAP降水资料、美国NMC850hPa风、卫星反演的向外长波辐射（OLR）和上部对流层水汽亮温（BT）等资料分析比较了南海夏季风爆发前后的基本特征。结果发现：BT能够反映南海夏季风的爆发及其与周围地区降水的关系，但局地降水信息的反映不够具体；OLR能够比较好的反映热带海洋上的降水，但陆地上的低值OLR可能受到地形的影响，仅仅850hPa风场不能完全确定夏季风的爆发。南海季风转换区域定义在南海的中北部比较合适，这是因为南海夏季风爆发前就存在着长年位于南海南部的带海洋对流性雨带；南海夏季风爆发后西南季风气流和季风雨带从印度洋经孟加拉湾和南海伸向西北太平洋，开始了南亚和东亚夏季风的爆发过程。 相似文献
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太阳辐射日变化对R15L9气候模拟效果的影响 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
利用菱形截民１５波９层全球谱模式做了有、无太阳辐射日变化的对比试验,分析了模拟的平均海平面气压、５００ｈＰａ高度、地表温度和降水的１月和７月气候场,并利用统计方法做了显著性检验。结果表明：太阳辐射日变化对大气模拟有显著的影响,尤其表现在北半球和陆地上。而当忽略日变化这种物理过程时,势必影响气候模拟的效果,产生系统误差。 相似文献
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用ＩＡＰ－ＡＧＣＭ气候模式、功率谱分析、带通滤波等方法对北半球５－７月副热带高压季节性北跳进行了数值模拟和处理,得出：赤道中太平洋、西太平洋、印度洋海温异常以及北极海冰的异常对副高的季节性跳动都有不同程度的影响,对西太平洋副高尤为突出,其中海温的影响较为显著;证实了太平洋和印度洋跳源的存在;其影响过程可能是通过其激发出的低频波来实现的。 相似文献
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Based on years of month-to-month observations of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) and wind stress anomaly, typical wind stress patterns in the tropical Pacific associated with ENSO are Studied with the techniques of linear regression and EOF analysis. The anomalous field, which is linearly correlated with ENSO, is found to be varying at low frequencies on the temporal scale and to be in four typical patterns of distribution horizontally.Pattern 1 is of the easterly anomaly and wind stress divergence in the equatorial region east of the date line. Pattern 2 is of the westerly anomaly and wind sttess convergence in the equatorial region east of the date line. Pattern 3 is of the westerly anomaly and wind stress convergence south of the Equator but east of the data line, with the easterly anomaly west of it. Pattern 4 is of the weak easerly anomaly east 160°W and the westerly anomaly west of 160°W. Wind stress fields linearly independent of ENSO are of a high-frequency process with a typical pattern off the Equator that has a large horizontal amplitude. Using an ocean anomaly-forcing model with the regressed wind stress anomaly field that is associated with ENSO, principal signals of ENSO are reproduced. It indicates the fundamental nature of the typical wind field anomaly patterns revealed for the genesis of El Nino. 相似文献
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邵慧 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2001,7(2):131-143
In this work, the SCSMEX data are used to diagnose and compare the local land-sea thermal
conditions, with the focus of discussion on possible influences of thermal forcing of the western Pacific and the
Tibetan Plateau on the onset and development of summer monsoon in 1998. Results show a close relationship
between the distribution of the heat sources and the land-sea contrast. Due to the blocking effect of terrain, main
maximum zones of the heat sources in areas with more evident north-south land-sea contrast are more obviously
southward located than those exclusively with oceans. The surface heating is characterized with apparent
seasonal variation and difference between land and sea. The relationship between the western Pacific and the
onset of summer monsoon is reflected in the variations of the sea surface temperature (SST) and the latent heat.
The influence mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau during the summer monsoon is different: it is dominated by
sensible heating during the South China Sea monsoon and by condensed latent heating during the Indian
monsoon. 相似文献
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利用热带测雨卫星TRMM搭载的测雨雷达（PR）1998-2012年的观测资料,研究了合肥地区夏季（6、7、8月）不同类型降水的降水强度和频次的水平空间分布、降水垂直结构、日变化特征以及气候变化等特征,揭示了城市化效应造成城市及其周边区域降水特征在时空上的分布差异。研究结果表明,（1）主城区对流和层云降水强度低于周边区域,对流降水频次也低于周边区域,但层云降水频次则相反。可见城市化发展是改变降水的空间分布的因素之一,且对不同的降水类型空间分布影响不同。（2）主城区降水回波信号高度高于周边区域,而降水强度低于周边区域,表明城市效应促进降水云发展而未造成降水强度增强。（3）合肥地区对流和层云降水的强度和频次日循环存在时空分布不均匀性,其中城区的对流降水强度和频次日循环与城市热岛效应日循环具有一致性。总体来看,城市化对局地降水强度影响较大,而对局地降水频次的总体影响不是很明显。（4）通过降水气候变化分析表明,城区两种类型降水强度和频次均呈逐年下降趋势,周边区域降水强度呈不显著上升趋势,降水频次呈逐年下降趋势,其中层云降水频次下降趋势较显著。城市化进程使得城市及其周边区域降水不均匀性逐年增强。极端降水空间分布特征分析表明,城市周边区域强降水频次高于主城区,尤其在城市的下风区高出主城区75%;而周边区域弱降水发生的频次低于主城区,城市下风区最低,低于主城区约18%。 相似文献
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