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研究了急性盐度胁迫对斜带石斑鱼幼鱼Epinephelus coioides鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶活性和血清应激指标的影响,将养殖于自然海水(盐度34%o)中,体重为(19.59±0.25)g的斜带石斑鱼幼鱼直接转移至盐度24‰、14‰、4‰和0‰的水体中,于转移后1、3、6、12和24h分别检测鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶活性和血清中血糖、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、溶菌酶的变化.试验表明:试验组Na+/K+-ATP酶活性变化基本一致,均在1h时达到最高值,随后下降,至6h达到稳定且均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);血糖在24‰和14‰盐度组呈下降趋势,在4‰和0‰盐度组3h时出现最低值,在6h时达到峰值,随后逐渐下降;AST水平在24‰和14‰盐度组与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),在4‰和0‰盐度组均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,于6和12h时达到各自峰值;溶菌酶含量在试验24h时,在24‰、14‰和4‰盐度组间差异显著(P<0.05),在0‰盐度组呈现先上升后下降的趋势,至6h时达到峰值.试验显示,斜带石斑鱼幼鱼由盐度34‰的水体转移至盐度24‰和14‰的水体后,其应激强度较弱;由盐度34‰的水体转移至盐度4‰和0‰的水体后,其应激反应较大,适应盐度变化需时也较长.根据本试验结果,在对斜带石斑鱼进行应激性淡化转运时,可将其直接从34‰高盐度自然海水中转移至14‰盐度的水体后,再缓慢降至预定盐度,从而减少淡化时间.  相似文献   
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This work evaluates the application potential of a new indigenous aerobic denitrifi er, strain Pseudomonas CW-2, isolated from a largemouth bass culture pond. The rate of ammonium-N removal by strain CW-2 was approximately 97% at a DO concentration of 5.2 mg/L. Furthermore, when nitrate and ammonia coexisted, the strain gave priority to assimilating ammonia, and thereafter to denitrifi cation. Under optimal cultivation conditions, citrate and acetate were the carbon resources, C/N was 8, dissolved oxygen was 5.2 mg/L, and pH was 7; the removal rate of ammonium reached nearly 90%. The changing patterns of different bacteria in strain CW-2-treated and the control pond water were also compared. Lower levels of ammonia, nitrite, and phosphates were observed in the treated water as compared with the controls. Meanwhile, phylum-level distributions of the bacterial OTUs revealed that P roteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and N itrospirae continuously changed their relative abundances in relation to carbon and the addition of strain CW-2; this finding implies that the conventional denitrifi cation process was weakened under the ef fects of carbon or the presence of strain CW-2. We propose that strain CW-2 is a promising organism for the removal of ammonium in intensive fish culture systems, according to our evaluations of its denitrifi cation performance.  相似文献   
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大通湖是湖南省最大的养殖湖泊.随着河蚬经济价值的提升,大通湖河蚬Corbicula fluminea(Müller,1774)的开发强度逐年增加.为实现河蚬资源的合理开发,本研究在对大通湖河蚬形态特征、现存量及其时空分布调查分析基础上,重点探讨了养殖和软体动物捕捞对其资源的影响.结果显示,壳长大于6 mm河蚬的平均湿重(BW)、壳长(SL)、壳高(SH)和壳宽(SW)分别为1.41±0.03 g、14.82±0.09 mm、13.73±0.09 mm和9.72±0.06 mm,平均相对高度、圆度和凸度分别为0.930±0.001、0.660±0.001和0.710±0.001.河蚬壳长、壳高、壳宽与湿重的关系分别为:lg BW=-3.45+3.00 lg SL、lg BW=-3.23+2.89 lg SH、lg BW=-2.87+2.97 lg SW,表明河蚬为等速生长.2010 2011年,大通湖河蚬平均密度和生物量均较2009年显著增加.2009年,河蚬主要分布于中北部的蜜蜂夹湖区域,2010年开始,几乎遍布整个大通湖,但整体上呈现由东北向西南逐渐递减的趋势,密度和生物量高值均出现在大通湖中部,蜜蜂夹湖、大西湖与尼古湖交界区域.推测养殖过程中物化产品投入的增加是导致大通湖河蚬现存量快速增加的主要原因之一,软体动物捕捞加速了河蚬分布区域的扩展.据此提出了大通湖河蚬合理开发和有效保护的建议.  相似文献   
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