Proactive Management of Ecosystem Services in Oil Sands Pre-mining Phase     

Omotehinse  A. O.  De Tomi  G.  Baninla  Yvette 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(2):949-965

Natural Resources Research - Ecosystems and their services are essential to human well-being, but mining activities often cause adverse impacts on these services. Although impact of mining...  相似文献   

The effect of geometry and tidal forcing on hydrodynamics and net sediment transport in semi-enclosed tidal basins     

Thomas Boelens  Henk Schuttelaars  George Schramkowski  Tom De Mulder 《Ocean Dynamics》2018,68(10):1285-1309

A new depth-averaged exploratory model has been developed to investigate the hydrodynamics and the tidally averaged sediment transport in a semi-enclosed tidal basin. This model comprises the two-dimensional (2DH) dynamics in a tidal basin that consists of a channel of arbitrary length, flanked by tidal flats, in which the water motion is being driven by an asymmetric tidal forcing at the seaward side. The equations are discretized in space by means of the finite element method and solved in the frequency domain. In this study, the lateral variations of the tidal asymmetry and the tidally averaged sediment transport are analyzed, as well as their sensitivity to changes in basin geometry and external overtides. The Coriolis force is taken into account. It is found that the length of the tidal basin and, to a lesser extent, the tidal flat area and the convergence length determine the behaviour of the tidally averaged velocity and the overtides and consequently control the strength and the direction of the tidally averaged sediment transport. Furthermore, the externally prescribed overtides can have a major influence on tidal asymmetry in the basin, depending on their amplitude and phase. Finally, for sufficiently wide tidal basins, the Coriolis force generates significant lateral dynamics.  相似文献   

Talus slope geomorphology investigated at multiple time scales from high-resolution topographic surveys and historical aerial photographs (Sanetsch Pass,Switzerland)     

Hanne Hendrickx  Lars De Sloover  Cornelis Stal  Reynald Delaloye  Jan Nyssen  Amaury Frankl 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(14):3653-3669

Talus slopes are common places for debris storage in high-mountain environments and form an important step in the alpine sediment cascade. To understand slope instabilities and sediment transfers, detailed investigations of talus slope geomorphology are needed. Therefore, this study presents a detailed analysis of a talus slope on Col du Sanetsch (Swiss Alps), which is investigated at multiple time scales using high-resolution topographic (HRT) surveys and historical aerial photographs. HRT surveys were collected during three consecutive summers (2017–2019), using uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurements. To date, very few studies exist that use HRT methods on talus slopes, especially to the extent of our study area (2 km²). Data acquisition from ground control and in situ field observations is challenging on a talus slope due to the steep terrain (30–37°) and high surface roughness. This results in a poor spatial distribution of ground control points (GCPs), causing unwanted deformation of up to 2 m in the gathered UAV-derived HRT data. The co-alignment of UAV imagery from different survey dates improved this deformation significantly, as validated by the TLS data. Sediment transfer is dominated by small-scale but widespread snow push processes. Pre-existing debris flow channels are prone to erosion and redeposition of material within the channel. A debris flow event of high magnitude occurred in the summer of 2019, as a result of several convective thunderstorms. While low-magnitude (<5,000 m³) debris flow events are frequent throughout the historical record with a return period of 10–20 years, this 2019 event exceeded all historical debris flow events since 1946 in both extent and volume. Future climate predictions show an increase of such intense precipitation events in the region, potentially altering the frequency of debris flows in the study area and changing the dominant geomorphic process which are active on such talus slopes. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A feasible approach to predicting time-dependent bearing performance of jacked piles from CPTu measurements     

Li  Lin  Li  Jingpei  Sun  De’an  Gong  Weibing 《Acta Geotechnica》2020,15(7):1935-1952

Acta Geotechnica - In this paper, a simple but feasible approach is proposed to predict the time-dependent load carrying behaviours of jacked piles from CPTu measurements. The corrected cone...  相似文献   

An on Orbit Determination of Point Spread Functions for the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph</Emphasis>     

Hans Courrier  Charles Kankelborg  Bart De Pontieu  Jean-Pierre Wülser 《Solar physics》2018,293(9):125

Using the 2016 Mercury transit of the Sun, we characterize on orbit spatial point spread functions (PSFs) for the Near- (NUV) and Far- (FUV) Ultra-Violet spectrograph channels of NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). A semi-blind Richardson–Lucy deconvolution method is used to estimate PSFs for each channel. Corresponding estimates of Modulation Transfer Functions (MTFs) indicate resolution of 2.47 cycles/arcsec in the NUV channel near 2796 Å and 2.55 cycles/arcsec near 2814 Å. In the short (\({\approx}\,1336~\mathring{\mathrm{A}}\)) and long (\({\approx}\,1394~\mathring{\mathrm{A}}\)) wavelength FUV channels, our MTFs show pixel-limited resolution (3.0 cycles/arcsec). The PSF estimates perform well under deconvolution, removing or significantly reducing instrument artifacts in the Mercury transit spectra. The usefulness of the PSFs is demonstrated in a case study of an isolated explosive event. PSF estimates and deconvolution routines are provided through a SolarSoft module.  相似文献   

Studies on Schumann Resonance Phenomena and Some Recent Advancements     

Abhijit Ghosh  Biswas  Debasish  Hazra  Pranab  Guha  Gautam  De  S. S. 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2019,59(8):980-994

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - Discrete spectra of frequencies at 8, 14, 20, 26, … Hz are generated by electromagnetic emission from lightning sources and can be regarded as excitation of AC...  相似文献   

Carbonaceous chondrites as analogs for the composition and alteration of Ceres          下载免费PDF全文

Harry Y. McSween Jr.  Joshua P. Emery  Andrew S. Rivkin  Michael J. Toplis  Julie C. Castillo‐Rogez  Thomas H. Prettyman  M. Cristina De Sanctis  Carle M. Pieters  Carol A. Raymond  Christopher T. Russell 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2018,53(9):1793-1804

The mineralogy and geochemistry of Ceres, as constrained by Dawn's instruments, are broadly consistent with a carbonaceous chondrite (CM/CI) bulk composition. Differences explainable by Ceres’s more advanced alteration include the formation of Mg‐rich serpentine and ammoniated clay; a greater proportion of carbonate and lesser organic matter; amounts of magnetite, sulfide, and carbon that could act as spectral darkening agents; and partial fractionation of water ice and silicates in the interior and regolith. Ceres is not spectrally unique, but is similar to a few other C‐class asteroids, which may also have suffered extensive alteration. All these bodies are among the largest carbonaceous chondrite asteroids, and they orbit in the same part of the Main Belt. Thus, the degree of alteration is apparently related to the size of the body. Although the ammonia now incorporated into clay likely condensed in the outer nebula, we cannot presently determine whether Ceres itself formed in the outer solar system and migrated inward or was assembled within the Main Belt, along with other carbonaceous chondrite bodies.  相似文献   

Mineralogy and temperature of crater Haulani on Ceres          下载免费PDF全文

F. Tosi  F. G. Carrozzo  A. Raponi  M. C. De Sanctis  G. Thangjam  F. Zambon  M. Ciarniello  A. Nathues  M. T. Capria  E. Rognini  E. Ammannito  M. Hoffmann  K. Krohn  A. Longobardo  E. Palomba  C. M. Pieters  K. Stephan  C. A. Raymond  C. T. Russell 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2018,53(9):1902-1924

We investigate the region of crater Haulani on Ceres with an emphasis on mineralogy as inferred from data obtained by Dawn's Visible InfraRed mapping spectrometer (VIR), combined with multispectral image products from the Dawn Framing Camera (FC) so as to enable a clear correlation with specific geologic features. Haulani, which is one of the youngest craters on Ceres, exhibits a peculiar “blue” visible to near‐infrared spectral slope, and has distinct color properties as seen in multispectral composite images. In this paper, we investigate a number of spectral indices: reflectance; spectral slopes; abundance of Mg‐bearing and NH₄‐bearing phyllosilicates; nature and abundance of carbonates, which are diagnostic of the overall crater mineralogy; plus a temperature map that highlights the major thermal anomaly found on Ceres. In addition, for the first time we quantify the abundances of several spectral endmembers by using VIR data obtained at the highest pixel resolution (~0.1 km). The overall picture we get from all these evidences, in particular the abundance of Na‐ and hydrous Na‐carbonates at specific locations, confirms the young age of Haulani from a mineralogical viewpoint, and suggests that the dehydration of Na‐carbonates in the anhydrous form Na₂CO₃ may be still ongoing.  相似文献   

Use of Olive Mill Wastewater as a Growth Medium for Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Production          下载免费PDF全文

Didem Değirmenbaşı  Serpil Takaç 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(5)

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Rare,metal micrometeorites from the Indian Ocean     

M. Shyam Prasad  N. G. Rudraswami  Agnelo Alexandre De Araujo  V. D. Khedekar 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2019,54(2):290-299

Metal in various forms is common in almost all meteorites but considerably rare among micrometeorites. We report here the discovery of two metal micrometeorites, i.e., (1) an awaruite grain similar to those found in the metal nodules of CV chondrites and (2) a metal micrometeorite of kamacite composition enclosing inclusions of chromite and merrillite. This micrometeorite appears to be a fragment of H5/L5 chondrite. These metal micrometeorites add to the inventory of solar system materials that are accreted by the Earth in microscopic form. They also strengthen the argument that a large proportion of material accreted by the Earth that survives atmospheric entry is from asteroidal sources.  相似文献