Understanding changes in evapotranspiration during forest regrowth is essential to predict changes of stream runoff and recovery after forest cutting. Canopy interception (Ic) is an important component of evapotranspiration, however Ic changes and the impact on stream runoff during regrowth after cutting remains unclear due to limited observations. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Ic changes on long-term stream runoff in a regrowth Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress forest following clear-cutting. This study was conducted in two 1-ha paired headwater catchments at Fukuroyamasawa Experimental Watershed in Japan. The catchments were 100% covered by Japanese coniferous plantation forest, one of which was 100% clear-cut in 1999 when the forest was 70 years old. In the treated catchment, annual runoff increased by 301 mm/year (14% of precipitation) the year following clear-cutting, and remained 185 mm/year (7.9% of precipitation) higher in the young regrowth forest for 12–14 years compared to the estimated runoff assuming no clear-cutting. The Ic change was −358 mm/year (17% of precipitation) after cutting and was −168 mm/year (6.7% of precipitation) in the 12–14 years old regrowth forest compared to the observed Ic during the pre-cutting period. Stream runoff increased in all seasons, and the Ic change was the main fraction of evapotranspiration change in all seasons throughout the observation period. These results suggest that the change in Ic accounted for most of the runoff response following forest cutting and the subsequent runoff recovery in this coniferous forest. 相似文献
The article deals with deposits exposed in sections along the rivers of the Caspian lowland and on the eastern slope of the Ergenei. The conclusion is made about the lagoonal origin of chocolate clays lying on high-capacity subaerial and alluvial–deltaic deposits. The impact of the Caspian Sea level rise on coastal processes is examined. Taking into account the regularities in the behavior of the coastal zone during sea level rise, subaerial deposits with such thickness in the outcrops could not have been preserved during the early Khvalynian transgression from –100 m. Another curve of Caspian Sea level fluctuations is proposed, where there is no deep Atelian regression between the Khazarian and Khvalynian transgressions. It is concluded that the Khazarian transgression was one of the largest in the history of the Caspian Sea. Its level was slightly less than that of the Khvalynian transgression. The rise of the level of the latter began not from –100 m, but from about 5–15 m; i.e., this transgression was in fact an oscillation of the Caspian Sea against its gradual regression after the Khazarian transgression. Sea level oscillations contributed to the formation of lagoonal-transgressive terraces, in which chocolate clays accumulated.
Oceanology - Field observations were applied to study the macrophytobenthos of the Abrau Peninsula of the Black Sea and the effect of the two most common and largest species of brown algae of the... 相似文献
Oceanology - The distribution of heterotrophic bacteria, viruses, and heterotrophic nanoflagellates was studied in the shelf waters of the East Siberian Sea along the meridional transect from the... 相似文献
Oceanology - Abstract—The paper gives brief results of comprehensive studies in the South China Sea obtained from a joint Russian–Vietnamese expedition in November 2019 (cruise 88 of... 相似文献