用1Hz GPS观测数据推导中强震震源过程的能力:2008年日本岩手—宫城内陆地震例子     

Y.Yokota  K.Koketsu  K.Hikima  S.Miyazaki  邵玉平 《世界地震译丛》2009,(5):11-16

通过反演研究2008年日本岩手—宫城内陆地震（M～6.9）,说明了用1Hz全球定位系统（GPS）观测数据推导中强震（M6级）震源过程的能力。比较了此次地震采样率为1Hz的GPS观测波形,发现与强震仪记录波形有很好的一致性。由于震源区及其周围有足够多的GPS台站很好地记录到了地面运动,因而使我们仅仅采用1Hz的GPS观测数据就可进行波形反演。反演的结果与大地测量和强震仪数据联合反演的结果相当一致,如地震矩（Mw～6.9）、累积滑动量分布和破裂传播等。这种一致性证明,采样率为1Hz的GPS观测数据不仅能用来推导M6级中强震破裂过程的动态特征,而且能用来推导其持久（或静态）的滑动。  相似文献   

Primary melt from Sannome-gata volcano,NE Japan arc: constraints on generation conditions of rear-arc magmas     

Takeshi?KuritaniEmail author  Takeyoshi?Yoshida  Jun-Ichi?Kimura  Toshiro?Takahashi  Yuka?Hirahara  Takashi?Miyazaki  Ryoko?Senda  Qing?Chang  Yoshinori?Ito 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2014,167(2):969

The conditions under which rear-arc magmas are generated were estimated using primary basalts from the Sannome-gata volcano, located in the rear of the NE Japan arc. Scoriae from the volcano occur with abundant crustal and mantle xenoliths, suggesting that the magma ascended rapidly from the upper mantle. The scoriae show significant variations in their whole-rock compositions (7.9–11.1 wt% MgO). High-MgO scoriae (MgO > ~9.5 wt%) have mostly homogeneous ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.70318–0.70320), whereas low-MgO scoriae (MgO < ~9 wt%) have higher ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (>0.70327); ratios tend to increase with decreasing MgO content. The high-MgO scoriae are aphyric, containing ~5 vol% olivine microphenocrysts with Mg# [100 × Mg/(Mg + Fe²⁺)] of up to 90. In contrast, the low-MgO scoriae have crustal xenocrysts of plagioclase, alkali feldspar, and quartz, and the mineralogic modes correlate negatively with whole-rock MgO content. On the basis of these observations, it is inferred that the high-MgO scoriae represent primary or near-primary melts, while the low-MgO scoriae underwent considerable interaction with the crust. Using thermodynamic analysis of the observed petrological features of the high-MgO scoriae, the eruption temperature of the magmas was constrained to 1,160–1,220 °C. Given that the source mantle was depleted MORB-source mantle, the primary magma was plausibly generated by ~7 % melting of a garnet-bearing spinel peridotite; taking this into consideration, and considering the constraints of multi-component thermodynamics, we estimated that the primary Sannome-gata magma was generated in the source mantle with 0.5–0.6 wt% H₂O at 1,220–1,230 °C and at ~1.8 GPa, and that the H₂O content of the primary magma was 6–7 wt%. The rear-arc Sannome-gata magma was generated by a lower degree of melting of the mantle at greater depths and lower temperatures than the frontal-arc magma from the Iwate volcano, which was also estimated to be generated by ~15 % melting of the source mantle with 0.6–0.7 wt% H₂O at ~1,250 °C and at ~1.3 GPa.  相似文献   

Instruments, Detectors and the Future of Astronomy with Large Ground Based Telescopes     

Douglas A. Simons  Paola Amico  Dietrich Baade  Sam Barden  Randall Campbell  Gert Finger  Kirk Gilmore  Roland Gredel  Paul Hickson  Steve Howell  Norbert Hubin  Andreas Kaufer  Ralf Kohley  Philip MacQueen  Sergej Markelov  Mike Merrill  Satoshi Miyazaki  Hidehiko Nakaya  Darragh O'Donoghue  Tino Oliva  Andrea Richichi  Derrick Salmon  Ricardo Schmidt  Hongjun Su  Simon Tulloch  Maria Luisa García Vargas  R. Mark Wagner  Olivier Wiecha  Binxun Ye 《Experimental Astronomy》2005,19(1-3):15-44

Results of a survey of instrumentation and detector systems, either currently deployed or planned for use at telescopes larger than 3.5 m, in ground based observatories world-wide, are presented. This survey revealed a number of instrumentation design trends at optical, near, and mid-infrared wavelengths. Some of the most prominent trends include the development of vastly larger optical detector systems (> 10⁹ pixels) than anything built to date, and the frequent use of mosaics of near-infrared detectors – something that was quite rare only a decade ago in astronomy. Some future science applications for detectors are then explored, in an attempt to build a bridge between current detectors and what will be needed to support the research ambitions of astronomers in the future.  相似文献   

Tectonic implications of new age data for the Meratus Complex of south Kalimantan, Indonesia     

Koji Wakita  Kazuhiro Miyazaki  Iskandar Zulkarnain  Jan Sopaheluwakan  & Prihardjo Sanyoto 《Island Arc》1998,7(1-2):202-222

Cretaceous subduction complexes surround the southeastern margin of Sundaland in Indonesia. They are widely exposed in several localities, such as Bantimala (South Sulawesi), Karangsambung (Central Java) and Meratus (South Kalimantan).
The Meratus Complex of South Kalimantan consists mainly of mélange, chert, siliceous shale, limestone, basalt, ultramafic rocks and schists. The complex is uncomformably covered with Late Cretaceous sedimentary-volcanic formations, such as the Pitap and Haruyan Formations.
Well-preserved radiolarians were extracted from 14 samples of siliceous sedimentary rocks, and K–Ar age dating was performed on muscovite from 6 samples of schist of the Meratus Complex. The radiolarian assemblage from the chert of the complex is assigned to the early Middle Jurassic to early Late Cretaceous. The K–Ar age data from schist range from 110 Ma to 180 Ma. Three samples from the Pitap Formation, which unconformably covers the Meratus Complex, yield Cretaceous radiolarians of Cenomanian or older.
These chronological data as well as field observation and petrology yield the following constraints on the tectonic setting of the Meratus Complex.
(1) The mélange of the Meratus Complex was caused by the subduction of an oceanic plate covered by radiolarian chert ranging in age from early Middle Jurassic to late Early Cretaceous.
(2) The Haruyan Schist of 110–119 Ma was affected by metamorphism of a high pressure–low temperature type caused by oceanic plate subduction. Some of the protoliths were high alluminous continental cover or margin sediments. Intermediate pressure type metamorphic rocks of 165 and 180 Ma were discovered for the first time along the northern margin of the Haruyan Schist.
(3) The Haruyan Formation, a product of submarine volcanism in an immature island arc setting, is locally contemporaneous with the formation of the mélange of the Meratus Complex.  相似文献   

Studies on storm surges and tides     

Masamori Miyazaki 《Journal of Oceanography》1980,36(3):163-166

Studies on storm surges and tides by the author can be classified into following four categories of works; (1) observational results on storm surges; (2) dynamics of storm surges including their numerical simulations; (3) methods of tidal analysis; and (4) long-period variations of sea level.As for the first subject, distributions of tidal deviations were investigated for some representative typhoons. Peak surges exceeding a definite value were also extracted from tidal records of Kôbe, Ôsaka and other ports. They were used to estimate return periods of storm surges, and to clarify the relations between storm surges and meteorological conditions.Dynamic studies on storm surges were concentrated especially to those produced by progressive meteorological disturbances. Numerical simulations by the primitive method started soon after the damage of Ise Bay Typhoon in 1959. Computations were made also for Ise Bay, Tôkyô Bay, Ôsaka Bay and other basins along the Japanese coast. Numerical simulations were also made for storm surges produced by Hurricane Carla striking the Coast of the Gulf of Mexico in 1961.Tidal analysis were also made by the author, and they included a new method based on the harmonic analysis of consecutive data for 355 days.Seasonal and long-term variations of sea level were also studied.  相似文献   

II-3 Full-scale performance tests on tandem wells turbine     

Yukihisa Washio  Hitoshi Hotta  Takeaki Miyazaki  Yoshio Masuda 《Ocean Engineering》1985,12(6):564

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V-4 Investigation of the wave propagation detection method in phase control     

Takeaki Miyazaki  Brian M. Count 《Ocean Engineering》1985,12(6):583-584

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Sorption behavior of the Pt(II) complex anion on manganese dioxide (δ-MnO2): a model reaction to elucidate the mechanism by which Pt is concentrated into a marine ferromanganese crust     

Mamiko Yamashita Maeno  Hironori Ohashi  Kotaro Yonezu  Akane Miyazaki  Yoshihiro Okaue  Koichiro Watanabe  Tamao Ishida  Makoto Tokunaga  Takushi Yokoyama 《Mineralium Deposita》2016,51(2):211-218

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Flapping motions of the tail plasma sheet induced by the interplanetary magnetic field variations     

Toichi Tsutomu  Miyazaki Teruki 《Planetary and Space Science》1976,24(2):147-159

Flapping motions of the magnetotail with an amplitude of several earth radii are studied by analysing the observations made in the near (x = ?25 ~ ?30 R_E and the distant (x? ?60 R_E) tail regions. It is found that the flapping motions result from fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field, especially Alfvénic fluctuations, when the magnitude of the interplanetary magnetic field is larger than ~10 γ and they propagate behind the Earth with the solar wind flow. Flappings tend to be observed in early phases of the magnetospheric substorm, and they have two fundamental modes with periods of ~200 and ~500 sec. In some limited cases a good correspondence with the long period micropulsations (Pc5) in the polar cap region is observed. These observational results are explained by the model in which the Alfvénic fluctuations in the solar wind penetrate into the magnetosphere along the connected interplanetary-magnetospheric field lines. The characteristics of the flapping reveal that the geomagnetic tail is a good resonator for the hydromagnetic disturbances in the solar wind.  相似文献   

Trace elements in skin of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli) from the northern waters of Japan: an evaluation for utilization as non-lethal tracers     

Yan J  Kunito T  Tanabe S  Amano M  Miyazaki N 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,45(1-12):230-236

Concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, Mn, Mo, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ag, Pb, Sr and V were determined in skins of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli) of the Pacific coast truei-type population (PT population) (N=45), and the Sea of Japan-Okhotsk dalli-type population (JD population) (N=31) from the northern waters of Japan. Cutaneous Hg concentrations in both PT and JD populations were significantly correlated with age, indicating a possible alternative method of age estimation. A significant correlation was also noted between Hg concentrations in skin and liver, suggesting that biopsy samples of skin can provide a non-lethal surrogate for monitoring Hg contamination in this species. Trace element accumulation patterns differed strongly between PT and JD populations, when analyzed by principal component analysis, suggesting these patterns could be utilized as non-lethal tracers of population identification.  相似文献