全文获取类型
收费全文 | 68篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 7篇 |
大气科学 | 7篇 |
地球物理 | 17篇 |
地质学 | 21篇 |
海洋学 | 5篇 |
天文学 | 8篇 |
自然地理 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 1篇 |
2012年 | 1篇 |
2011年 | 2篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2009年 | 6篇 |
2008年 | 2篇 |
2007年 | 2篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有70条查询结果,搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
Weathering of Hitura (W Finland) nickel sulphide mine tailings and release of heavy metals into pore water was studied with mineralogical (optical and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction) and geochemical methods (selective extractions). Tailings were composed largely of serpentine, micas and amphiboles with only minor carbonates and sulphides. Sulphides, especially pyrrhotite, have oxidized intensively in the shallow tailings in 10–15 years, but a majority of the tailings have remained unchanged. Oxidation has resulted in depletion of carbonates, slightly decreased pH, and heavy metal (Ni, Zn) release in pore water as well as in the precipitation of secondary Fe precipitates. Nevertheless, in the middle of the tailings area, where the oxidation front moves primarily downward, released heavy metals have been adsorbed and immobilized with these precipitates deeper in the oxidation zone. In contrast to what was seen in pore water pH, but in accordance with static tests of the previous studies, the neutralisation potential ratio (NPR) calculated based on the mineralogical composition and the total sulphur content suggested that tailings are ‘not potentially acid mine drainage (AMD) generating’. However, the calculated buffering capacity of the tailings resulted largely from the abundant serpentine because of the low carbonate content. Despite its slow weathering rate, serpentine may buffer the acidity to some extent through ion exchange processes in fine ground tailings. Nevertheless, in practice, acid production capacity of the tailings depends primarily on the balance between Ca–Mg carbonates and iron sulphides. NPR calculation based on carbonate and sulphur contents suggested, that the Hitura tailings are ‘likely AMD generating’. The study shows that sulphide oxidation can be significant in mobilisation of heavy metals even in apparently non-acid producing, low sulphide tailings. Therefore, prevention of oxygen diffusion into tailings is also essential in this type of sulphide tailings. 相似文献
2.
Veli‐Pekka Salonen Julien Moreau Outi Hyttinen Kari O. Eskola 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2014,43(3):627-638
Finnish Lapland is known as an area where numerous sites with sediments from Pleistocene glacial and interglacial periods occur. Recent sedimentological observations and dating call for reinterpretation of the record, which shows a complicated Mid‐Weichselian ice‐sheet evolution within the ice‐divide zone. Here, a large, previously unstudied section from a former Hannukainen iron mine was investigated sedimentologically and dated with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Ten sedimentary units were identified displaying a variety of depositional environments (glacial, glaciolacustrine, fluvial and aeolian). They are all – except for the lowermost, deeply weathered till – interpreted to be of Mid‐ or Late Weichselian/Holocene age. Five OSL samples from fluvial sediments give ages ranging from 55 to 35 ka, indicating two MIS 3 ice‐free intervals of unknown duration. The Mid‐Weichselian interstadial was interrupted by a re‐advance event, which occurred later than 35 ka and caused glaciotectonic deformation, folding and stacking of older sediments. This new evidence emphasizes the importance of the Kolari area when unravelling the complex Late Pleistocene glacial history of northern Finland and adjacent regions. 相似文献
3.
Haiying Liu Xiaolin Meng Zhiming Chen Scott Stephenson Pekka Peltola 《GPS Solutions》2016,20(4):795-805
Current cooperative positioning with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) for connected vehicle application mainly uses pseudorange measurements. However, the positioning accuracy offered cannot meet the requirements for lane-level positioning, collision avoidance and future automatic driving, which needs real-time positioning accuracy of better than 0.5 m. Furthermore, there is an apparent lack of research into the integrity issue for these new applications under emerging driverless vehicle applications. In order to overcome those problems, a new extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a multi-failure diagnosis algorithm are developed to process both GNSS pseudorange and carrier phase measurements. We first introduce a new closed-loop EKF with partial ambiguity resolution as feedback to address the low accuracy issue. Then a multi-failure diagnosis algorithm is proposed to improve integrity and reliability. The core of this new algorithm includes using Carrier phase-based Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring method for failure detection, and the double extended w test detectors to identify failure. A cooperative positioning experiment was carried out to validate the proposed method. The results show that the proposed closed-loop EKF can provide highly accurate positioning, and the multi-failure diagnosis method is effective in detecting and identifying failures for both code and carrier phase measurements. 相似文献
4.
Pekka Holopainen 《Engineering Geology》1985,21(3-4):239-245
The candidate backfill materials for the repositories of low- and intermediate-level radioactive wastes consist of three components: crushed rock aggregate, finely ground rock aggregate and bentonite. The hydraulic conductivity of mixtures with 15% of sodium bentonite is approximately 5 · 10-9m/s based on the laboratory tests. The sweling potential for the same material varies between 20 and 60 kPa depending mainly on the salinity of the groundwater. 相似文献
5.
Over 450 samples were collected around four Proterozoic porphyry-type occurrences and analyzed for 30 elements. Relatively broad primary halos are associated with all four occurrences in spite of their moderate size and grade. The halos are characteristic of each particular occurrence depending on the geological and geochemical conditions. Copper forms extensive and highly contrasted anomalies, whereas Mo anomalies are of limited size. Gold, Zn, Pb, As, and Sb seem to be useful pathfinders for slightly eroded or blind occurrences. Pyritization and wall-rock alteration are weaker than in Phanerozoic porphyry deposits, consequently, S halos are small and often erratic. K2O, Rb, and SiO2 produce weak anomalies near the core of the occurrences. A density of a few tens of samples per km2 is required for detailed follow-up exploration.The host granitoids have normal chemical compositions outside the mineralized areas with low and constant background contents of ore elements and are thus very suitable for lithogeochemical exploration. On a regional scale a density of one to five samples per km2 is sufficient to identify mineralized intrusive phases and areas, because the porphyrytype occurrences were formed by extensive hydrothermal processes, which produced scattered anomalies over large areas. 相似文献
6.
Maria Nikkarinen Eeva Kallio Pekka Lestinen Matti Ayrs 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1984,21(1-3)
The variation of Cu and Zn contents with grain size was studied in the size fractions: 2000-500 μm, 500-64 μm, 64-2 μm and minus 2 μm. The fixation to different minerals was investigated in the 500-64 μm and minus 64 μm fractions with microscope, microprobe, electron microscope and X-ray diffraction after heavy-liquid separation.The distribution of Cu and Zn between the four size fractions is very similar in all target areas. The contents tend to be highest in the minus 2 μm fraction, and to decrease with increasing grain size except for an increase in the coarsest material. This feature is typical in mineralized areas with till having anomalously high Cu and Zn contents.The anomalous Cu and Zn in the till of Talvivaara are mainly fixed to chalcopyrite and sphalerite, respectively, which indicates that the main part of the material originates from fresh bedrock and that postglacial alterations are slight. In the till of Outokumpu and Maaselkä sulphides are rare. We assume that in Outokumpu the reason for this is the postglacial weathering of sulphides and that in Maaselkä a great deal of till derives from highly weathered, sulphide-poor, preglacial regolith. In both target areas Cu in till seems to fix to limonite and also to clay minerals, particularly in Maaselkä. Zinc seems mainly to be hosted by limonite in Outokumpu. 相似文献
7.
Pekka Teikari Vladimír Tobyáš Reviewer J. Janský 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1986,30(3):257-267
Summary The magnification achieved with the standard sine-wave method using seismometers with the calibration and signal coils tightly wound on the same coil former can be erroneous at high frequencies due to the mutual inductance between both coils. An attempt was made to eliminate this influence from the calibration data. The application of theoretical equations was tested with a short-period digital seismograph.
ma¶rt;ama auau aa nu ¶rt;uu ¶rt;uu maauu m m m a u amma ua u a au u¶rt;mumu ¶rt; ua u auau am, u u a¶rt;m n¶rt;m umu. a ¶rt;aa nnma muam auau ¶rt;a. uu mmuu au u¶rt;a nu auauu mnu¶rt;u aa u anu.相似文献
8.
The importance of the identification of the mineral phases in the heavy fractions of geochemical samples is emphasized. A knowledge of the chemical composition with information about the anomalous contents of the economically interesting metals in the samples is not sufficient, it is also essential to know the mineralogical source of the metals especially when the exploitation possibilities of the searched-for deposits are being estimated. A version of autoradiography suitable for the location and quantitative determination of radioactive minerals in the heavy fractions of geochemical samples is described. Furthermore, the use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) in the identification of the heavy minerals is also described. An example of the use of SEM-EDS identification of radioactive minerals, located by the autoradiography, is described. 相似文献
9.
Markku Heikkinen 《Journal of Geodesy》1979,53(3):239-245
The Honkasalo term is discussed and the author arrives at the conclusion that its application to gravimetric observations
is harmful and should be avoided. 相似文献
10.
Jussi Heikkinen 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2009,64(3):267-274
This paper deals with a novel imaging arrangement for special modeling purpose. The method introduced here will take care of the geometrical consistence of photography. It is based on image ray bundles and is meant for conditions where imaging is accomplished inside the object space (e.g. in case of interior model reconstruction). Imaging is designed to be constrained in terms of camera position and orientation and to consist of two image sequences. The image orientations will be resolved by use of LSQ-estimation in heavily overdetermined conditions. The benefits of overdetermination are discussed and the accuracy assessment in a real experiment is published. The accuracy assessment is accomplished with help of exterior reference and stochastic error propagation. 相似文献