Daily salinity fluctuation alleviates salt stress on seedlings of the mangrove Bruguiera gymnorhiza     

Wenqing Wang  Li Xu  Siyang You  Chao Liu  Mao Wang 《水文研究》2020,34(11):2466-2476

Salinity is a vital factor that regulates leaf photosynthesis and growth of mangroves, and it frequently undergoes large seasonal and daily fluctuations creating a range of environments – oligohaline to hyperhaline. Here, we examined the hypotheses that mangroves benefit opportunistically from low salinity resulting from daily fluctuations and as such, mangroves under daily fluctuating salinity (FS) grow better than those under constant salinity (CS) conditions. We compared growth, salt accumulation, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence of leaves of mangrove Bruguiera gymnorhiza seedlings growing in freshwater (FW), CS (15 practical salinity units, PSU), and daily FS (0–30 PSU, average of 4.8 PSU) conditions. The traits of FS-treated leaves were measured in seedlings under 15 PSU. FS-treated seedlings had greater leaf biomass than those in other treatment groups. Moreover, leaf photosynthetic rate, capacity to regulate photoelectron uptake/transfer, and leaf succulence were significantly higher in FS than in CS treatment. However, leaf water-use efficiency showed the opposite trend. In addition to higher concentrations of Na⁺ and Cl⁻, FS-treated leaves accumulated more Ca²⁺ and K⁺. We concluded that daily FS can enhance water absorption, photosynthesis, and growth of leaves, as well as alter plant biomass allocation patterns, thereby positively affecting B. gymnorhiza. Mangroves that experience daily FS may increase their adaptability by reducing salt build-up and water deficits when their roots are temporally subjected to low salinity or FW and by absorbing sufficient amounts of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ for osmotic adjustment when their roots are subsequently exposed to saline water.  相似文献   

结合BM3D和多级非线性加权平均中值滤波的遥感影像混合噪声去噪方法     

任超  李现广  邓开元  潘亚龙  朱子林  张志刚  施显健 《测绘通报》2020,(1):89-93

提出了一种基于三维块匹配（BM3D）和多级非线性加权平均中值滤波的遥感影像混合噪声去噪方法，使用coief3小波和sym2小波替换传统三维块匹配算法中的bior1.5和hear参数，将三维块匹配算法和多级非线性加权平均中值滤波相结合以提高算法对混合噪声的去噪能力。进行一个仿真对比试验和一个真实遥感影像去噪试验，试验表明，本文提出的方法在遥感影像混合噪声去噪方面效果要优于传统混合噪声去噪方法。  相似文献   

Fast genetic mapping in barley: case studies of cuticle mutants using RNA-sequencing     

XiaoFeng Li  Chao Li  Qin Zhou  GuoXiong Chen  PengShan Zhao 《寒旱区科学》2020,12(3):180-188

Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the earliest domesticated crop species and ranked as the fourth largest cereal production worldwide. Forward genetic studies in barley have greatly advanced plant genetics during the last century; however, most genes are identified by the conventional mapping method. Array genotyping and exome-capture sequencing have also been successfully used to target the causal mutation in barley populations, but these techniques are not widely adopted because of associated costs and partly due to the huge genome size of barley. This review summarizes three mapping cases of barley cuticle mutants in our laboratory with the help of RNA-sequencing. The causal mutations have been successfully identified for two of them and the target genes are located in the pericentromeric regions. Detailed information on the mapping-by-sequencing, mapping-and-sequencing, and RNA-sequencing assisted linkage mapping are presented and some limitations and challenges on the mapping assisted by RNA sequencing are also discussed. The alternative and elegant methods presented in this review may greatly accelerate forward genetics of barley mapping, especially for laboratories without large funding.  相似文献   

赣南上围地区控矿断裂特征与铀成矿关系     

党飞鹏  樊哲强  李志鹏  陈黎明  蔡昌华  黄超  陈欣 《地质通报》2019,38(8):1344-1351

位于江西省龙南县上围地区出露的燕山期花岗质复式岩体明显受北东向马屎山硅化断裂带和鹅形石英断裂夹持控制,是有利的产铀岩体,已探明291铀矿床和292矿点。岩体内断裂作用强烈,热液蚀变和铀矿化现象普遍。经地质调查,在岩体内识别出北东向断裂6条和北北东向断裂11条及若干北西—北西西向断裂。其中,北东向断裂主要包括岩体西部的硅化带和东部的石英断裂;北北东向断裂主要包括岩体东部的蚀变碎裂岩带和西部硅化破碎带;北西—北西西向断裂多被中基性岩脉充填,主要包括501～504号脉。北北东向断裂与铀成矿关系最密切,是容矿断裂。断裂的规模和产状控制了铀矿体的空间分布和展布形态,断裂性质控制了铀矿化类型,断裂变形程度控制铀矿化蚀变分带,断裂与中基性岩脉复合控制了富铀矿体的产出形态。  相似文献   

AUV矢量推进水动力计算及水平回转操纵性试验     

李雨田  雷敏  冯朝  韩用波 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2020,3(4):288-294

针对矢量推进模式下的 AUV 水动力性能和操纵性能，开展了 AUV 矢量推进水动力 CFD 计算， 对矢量推进水平回转操纵性进行了评估，加工了矢量推进样机，并进行湖上操纵性验证。理论计算和试验数据表明：矢量推进具备极高的低速操纵性，该研究为矢量推进在 AUV 上的应用提供了理论和技术基础。  相似文献   

Age and metal source of orogenic gold deposits in Southeast Guizhou Province,China: Constraints from Re-Os and He-Ar isotopic evidence     

Jiasheng Wang  Hanjie Wen  Chao Li  Jinrang Zhang  Wei Ding 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):581-593

The orogenic gold deposits in Southeast Guizhou are an important component of the Xuefeng polymetallic ore belt and have significant exploration potential, but geochronology research on these gold deposits is scarce. Therefore, the ore genetic models are poorly constrained and remain unclear. In the present study, two important deposits(Pingqiu and Jinjing) are investigated, including combined Re-Os dating and the He-Ar isotope study of auriferous arsenopyrites. It is found that the arsenopyrites from the Pingqiu gold deposit yielded an isochron age of 400 ± 24 Ma,with an initial ~(187)Os/~(188)Os ratio of 1.24 ± 0.57(MSWD = 0.96). An identical isochron age of 400 ± 11 Ma with an initial ~(187)Os/~(188)Os ratio of 1.55 ± 0.14(MSWD = 0.34) was obtained from the Jinjing deposit. These ages correspond to the regional Caledonian orogeny and are interpreted to represent the age of the main stage ore. Both initial ~(187)Os ratios suggest that the Os was derived from crustal rocks. Combined with previous rare earth element(REE), trace elements, Nd-Sr-S-Pb isotope studies on scheelite, inclusion fluids with other residues of gangue quartz, and sulfides from other gold deposits in the region, it is suggested that the ore metals from Pingqiu and Jinjing were sourced from the Xiajiang Group. The He and Ar isotopes of arsenopyrites are characterized by ~3 He/~4 He ratios ranging from 5.3 × 10~(-4) Ra to 2.5 × 10~(-2) Ra(Ra = 1.4 × 10~(-6), the ~3 He/~4 He ratio of air), 40 Ar=/~4 He ratios from 0.64 × 10~(-2) to 15.39×10~(-2), and ~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar ratios from 633.2 to 6582.0. Those noble gas isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions also support a crustal source origin,evidenced by the Os isotope. Meanwhile, recent noble gas studies suggest that the amount of in situ radiogenic ~4 He generated should not be ignored, even when Th and U are present at levels of only a few ppm in host minerals.  相似文献   

海底地形图表达方法探讨          下载免费PDF全文

吴芳华  张羿祺  王磊  马超 《海洋测绘》2020,40(5):58-62

为实现海底地形多样化表示与服务,丰富海底地形图表示样式,分析了海底地形图的主要内容,研究了海底地形图可视化表达机制。结合多源海底地貌与底质数据的特点,提出了基于颜色扩展联合图形符号、可灵活组合的海底地形图表示策略,给出了水深注记、等深线、深度区、海底底质这4类主要海底地形要素的具体表达方法。试验表明,设计的可视化表达方法能实现不同类型、不同来源、不同质量差异的多类型海底地形数据的有效表达,为海底地形数据的多样化表达提供参考。  相似文献   

资源环境承载协调理论与评价方法     

李瑞敏  殷志强  李小磊  刘琼  孟晖  黄道袤  王轶  王龙平  王欣宝  刘建奎  孙超  赵德刚 《地质通报》2020,(1):80-87

资源环境承载能力评价是进行国土空间规划和用途管控的基础性工作,越来越受到国家重视。在资源环境承载能力研究实践中,以自然资源环境系统及其与社会经济系统的关系为主要研究对象,创新性提出了"资源环境承载协调理论",并基于此理论初步建立了不同空间尺度的地质资源环境承载能力评价技术方法,构建了地质环境、地下水资源、矿产资源等不同资源环境要素的承载能力评价指标体系,包括承载本底评价指标和承载状态评价指标。规范了不同尺度的资源与环境承载能力评价流程,为有序推动全国、区域及市县尺度的自然单元和行政单元的地质资源环境承载能力评价工作提供了强有力的。  相似文献   

1990—2018年中巴经济走廊冰湖时空变化特征     

姚超  王欣  赵轩茹  魏俊锋  张勇 《冰川冻土》2020,42(1):33-42

中巴经济走廊是贯通南北丝路的关键枢纽。在全球变暖的背景下， 区域内冰川变化情况复杂， 部分冰川出现前进或跃动现象， 冰湖溃决的风险在不断上升， 进而威胁中巴经济走廊的建设与民生安全。基于1990—2018年Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像， 利用目视解译方法提取了中巴经济走廊3期冰湖编目数据， 并分析了28年来该区域内冰湖的总体变化趋势、 空间异质性以及成因。结果表明： 中巴经济走廊目前共发育有2 380个冰湖， 总面积为（131.76±19.08） km²， 集中分布于喀喇昆仑山脉和喜马拉雅山脉； 1990—2018年期间， 冰湖总体面积扩张速度为0.48%·a^-1， 但各个山脉不同规模冰湖面积变化差异较大。中巴经济走廊在气温和降水的共同作用下， 区内冰湖面积呈扩张趋势， 同时气温和降水变化率的空间差异使得冰湖面积变化存在空间差异； 冰川的快速退缩增加了区内冰湖溃决的风险。  相似文献   

起伏地表下P-SV转换波动校正     

孙超 《华北地震科学》2020,38(2):9-12,27

P-SV转换波勘探是一种行之有效的地震勘探技术。基于地表一致性假设,P-SV转换波动校正过程中将地表假设为平坦地形。而随着地震勘探向复杂地区的深入,地表起伏大、高速老地层出露的问题,使得地震数据难以满足地表一致性假设。因此,现行的基于地表一致性的P-SV转换波动校正处理方法不能很好地对P-SV转换波进行动校正,影响转换波勘探的准确性。为此,本文从转换波的运动学特征出发,建立了起伏地表下P-SV转换波动校正方程,并构建了起伏地表条件下转换波动校正方法。通过理论模型模拟计算了起伏地表下P-SV转换波动校正方法,结果表明采用起伏地表下的转换波动校正方程能够取得较好的动校正效果,为P-SV转换波速度分析提供了一种行之有效的方法技术。  相似文献