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利用黔西南州8个国家气象观测站1961~2020年的极端最高、最低和平均最高、最低气温资料,以年代为周期,分析近60年黔西南州极端最高、最低和平均最高、最低气温的时空演变特征。结果表明:夏季,北亚热带季风湿润气候区及南亚热带季风湿润气候区的平均最高气温、平均极端最高气温在60年代至80年代处于持续上升趋势,在90年代略下滑,进入21世纪后又持续上升。北亚热带季风湿润气候区,近60年平均最高气温升高0.96℃,平均极端最高气温升高0.43℃;南亚热带季风湿润气候区近60年平均最高气温升高0.73℃,平均极端最高气温升高0.62℃。冬季,北亚热带季风湿润气候区平均最低气温及平均极端最低气温在70年代至80年代处于持续上升趋势,90年代略下滑,而进入21世纪又转为上升,近60年平均最低气温升高0.92℃,平均极端最低气温升高1.64℃;南亚热带季风湿润气候区,冬季平均最低气温及平均极端最低气温近60年呈持续上升趋势,平均最低气温升高2.35℃,平均极端最低气温升高3.32℃。 相似文献
3.
利用地震前后的Landsat-8和Sentinel-2光学遥感影像数据,基于频率域互相关算法提取加利福尼亚州MW7.1及MW6.4地震的同震形变场,同时针对形变数据易受轨道误差、条带误差及时间失相干的影响,分别采用最小二乘多项式曲线拟合、改进均值相减等方法去除系统误差项。研究表明,MW7.1主震以右旋走滑为主,地表形变的断层迹线呈NNW走向,长度达55 km,最大滑移量约为2.82 m;MW6.4地震的发震断层迹线呈NE走向,长度达15 km,最大滑移量约为1.05 m,推测2次地震的发震断层分别为NNW向右旋走滑断裂及NE向左旋走滑断裂,二者形成典型的共轭关系。 相似文献
4.
China Ocean Engineering - The wave-induced fluid resonance between twin side-by-side rectangular barges coupled with the roll motion of the twin barges is investigated by both numerical simulation... 相似文献
5.
因古隆起周缘页岩生烃时间晚、热演化程度低,目前已成为中扬子地区油气勘探的重要领域.雪峰古隆起形成于加里东末期,经历了后期复杂的沉积-构造演化,白垩系覆盖区勘探方向尚未明确.以雪峰古隆起西侧沅麻盆地北部为主要研究对象,通过对不整合于寒武系页岩之上的白垩系底部方解石脉与寒武系页岩方解石脉地球化学和包裹体对比分析,研究了古流体形成环境、来源及其对寒武系生烃演化过程的指示.研究结果表明:(1)白垩系脉体碳氧同位素与围岩具有相似性,REE无明显的Eu异常,与寒武系脉体Eu强正异常对比鲜明,表明白垩系脉体主要来自白垩系,受寒武系页岩的影响弱;(2)白垩系方解石脉采样位置位于构造高位,但是包裹体类型显示以纯水溶液包裹体为主,形成于弱还原-弱氧化的环境,未见沥青和明显的纯甲烷包裹体,表明寒武系大规模生排烃在白垩系沉积之前;(3)以包裹体均一温度和Ro为制约,结合区域地质特征恢复了沅麻盆地寒武系两种类型埋藏史,即沅麻盆地北部草堂凹陷早期深埋藏,白垩纪以来不具二次生烃的条件;辰溪凹陷南部早期浅埋藏,白垩系以来Ro可能由1.2%升至2.5%,二次生烃潜力较大,是下一步勘探的有利区. 相似文献
6.
Arsenic contamination caused by roxarsone transformation with spatiotemporal variation of microbial community structure in a column experiment 下载免费PDF全文
Liu Ya-ci Zhang Zhao-ji Zhao Xin-yi Wen Meng-tuo Cao Sheng-wei Li Ya-song 《地下水科学与工程》2021,9(4):304-316
Arsenic contamination from roxarsone in livestock manure is common, and livestock manure continuously accumulates in the open environment. Evaluations of the environmental processes of As mobilization and transformation are critical for predicting the fate of As compounds after roxarsone degradation. In this study, spatiotemporal variations in As species and microbial community structure were characterized using laboratory column experiments with background soil collected from Yanggu County (northern Shandong Plain, China), a region of intense poultry production. Organic and inorganic arsenic were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS), respectively. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to describe microbial diversity. Results showed that roxarsone was transformed completely within 7 days, and As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) were the major degradation products. The concentration of As(Ⅲ) was much lower than that of As(Ⅴ). The As(Ⅲ) concentration increased significantly after Day 14, whereas the As(Ⅴ) concentration increased significantly after Day 84, indicating that As(Ⅲ) was initially produced. The microbial community structure changed significantly as roxarsone transformed into various As compounds. A critical and dominant bacterial strain, norank_f__Family_XVⅢ, was found to be related to the degradation of roxarsone into As(Ⅲ). This study improves our understanding of the fate of As species released from poultry litter to soil and groundwater, which is a threat to human health and environment. 相似文献
7.
在西大别造山带的区调工作中,新识别出一系列中元古代末-新元古代的岩石-构造单元,它们沿着吕王-高桥-永佳河一线展布,并构成一条NNW-SEE向展布的构造混杂岩带.该混杂岩带主要由超镁铁质-镁铁质岩、硅泥质岩、石英质岩、大理岩、含碳陆源碎屑岩、双峰式火山岩以及卷入其中的榴辉岩等多种变质岩块(片)共同组成,并赋存于一套遭受了强烈剪切变形的泥质片岩之中.混杂岩带内各岩块(片)的原岩年龄跨度较大(>4亿年),分别集中在1 200~1 100 Ma和800~700 Ma之间.锆石记录的变质年龄和云母的冷却年龄则主要集中在240~200 Ma之间.结合接触关系、岩性组合、年代学及地球化学数据的综合研究认为,混杂岩带的物质来源既包括中元古代末-新元古代早期的弧-弧后盆地系统的沉积岩-火山岩-侵入岩;也包括叠置其上的新元古代中-晚期大陆裂解期的沉积岩-火成岩.这些不同时代、不同性质岩石在三叠纪不同程度地卷入了华南陆块北缘向华北陆块之下的俯冲,而后快速折返,最终沿着区域上折返断裂(桃花-七角山断裂)就位于西大别造山带之中,形成一条包含高压-超高压变质岩的三叠纪构造混杂岩带.混杂岩带内新厘定的中元古代末弧-弧后岩浆-沉积事件,可与大洪山-黄陵庙湾同时期的地质事件对比,它们共同揭示扬子北缘曾经存在一条中元古代末-新元古代早期的俯冲岩浆带. 相似文献
8.
Li Zhang Jianping Huang Haipeng Yu Xiaoyue Liu Yun Wei Xinbo Lian Chuwei Liu Zhikun Jing 《大气和海洋科学快报》2021,14(4):58-62
现如今,新冠肺炎(COVID-19)严重威胁着世界各国人民的生命健康.许多流行病学模型已经被用于为政策制定者和世界卫生组织提供决策参考.为了更加深刻的理解疫情趋势的变化特征,许多参数优化算法被用于反演模型参数.本文提议使用结合了高斯-牛顿法和梯度下降法的Levenberg-Marquardt(LMA)算法来优化模型参数.使用四个病例数相对较多的国家来验证这一算法的优势:相较于传统流行病学模型模拟曲线过早过快的到达峰值,应用 LMA 的 Statistical-SIR(Statistical-Susceptible-Infected-Recovered)模型可以更好地拟合实际疫情曲线. 相似文献
9.
We introduce the freely available web-based Water in an Agricultural Landscape—NUčice Database (WALNUD) dataset that includes both hydrological and meteorological records at the Nučice experimental catchment (0.53 km2), which is representative of an intensively farmed landscape in the Czech Republic. The Nučice experimental catchment was established in 2011 for the observation of rainfall–runoff processes, soil erosion processes, and water balance of a cultivated landscape. The average altitude is 401 m a.s.l., the mean land slope is 3.9%, and the climate is humid continental (mean annual temperature 7.9°C, annual precipitation 630 mm). The catchment is drained by an artificially straightened stream and consists of three fields covering over 95% of the area which are managed by two different farmers. The typical crops are winter wheat, rapeseed, and alfalfa. The installed equipment includes a standard meteorological station, several rain gauges distributed across the basin, and a flume with an H-type facing that is used to monitor stream discharge, water turbidity, and basic water quality indicators. Additionally, the groundwater level and soil water content at various depths near the stream are recorded. Recently, large-scale soil moisture monitoring efforts have been introduced with the installation of two cosmic-ray neutron sensors for soil moisture monitoring. The datasets consist of observed variables (e.g. measured precipitation, air temperature, stream discharge, and soil moisture) and are available online for public use. The cross-seasonal, open access datasets at this small-scale agricultural catchment will benefit not only hydrologists but also local farmers. 相似文献
10.
Macrophyte community diversity and composition respond to ecosystem conservation and local environmental factors. In this study, we developed a multidimensional diversity framework for macrophyte communities, including the taxonomic and functional alpha and beta diversity. We used the framework to explore the relationships among water level regimes and these diversity parameters in a case study of China's Baiyangdian Lake. Analysis of indicators of hydrologic alteration divided the water level from 1959 to 2019 into four regimes (dry, <6.42 m; low, 6.42–7.23 m; medium, 7.23–8.19 m; high, >8.19 m). Alpha and beta diversity were significantly higher in the medium regime than in the low and high regimes. Redundancy analysis indicated that the maximum water depth significantly affected taxonomic alpha diversity, and total nitrogen (TN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration significantly affected functional alpha diversity, respectively. Mantel tests showed that TN, Secchi depth (SD), and water depth in the high water level regime significantly increased the total beta diversity and turnover components. TN was the main factor that increased total taxonomic beta diversity. Water level regime mainly influenced interspecific relationships by changing the TN and COD concentration. The water level should be maintained between the medium and high water level regimes to promote restoration of the macrophyte community and improve ecosystem stability. The biodiversity evaluation framework would provide a deeper insight into the hydrological process management for restoration of aquatic macrophyte communities in shallow lakes. 相似文献