Gravity retaining wall with geogrids has showed excellent seismic performance from Wenchuan great earthquake. However, seismic damage mechanism of this kind of wall is not sufficiently clear. In view of this, a large shaking table test of the gravity retaining wall with geogrids to reinforce the subgrade slope was carried out, and based on the Hilbert-Huang transform and the marginal spectrum theory, the energy identification method of the slope dynamic failure mode was studied. The results show that the geogrids can effectively reduce displacement and rotation of the retaining wall, and it can effectively absorb the energy of the ground movement when combined with the surrounding soil. In addition, it also reveals the failure development of the gravity retaining wall with geogrids to reinforce the subgrade slope. The damage started in the deep zone near the geogrids, and then gradually extended to the surface of the subgrade slope and other zones, finally formed a continuous failure surface along the geogrids. The analysis results of the failure mode identified by the Hilbert marginal spectrum are in good consistency with the experimental results, which prove that the Hilbert marginal spectrum can be applied to obtain the seismic damage mechanism of slope.
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研究底板突水的结构力学方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了研究底板突水的结构力学方法，并用极限弯矩的理论计算得出确定底板隔水层有效厚度之计算公式。 相似文献
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???????????????????У?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????GPS??InSAR?????????????е??????÷?????????????????????????????????Ч???????????????????????????? 相似文献
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利用尼泊尔地区GPS时间序列季节性信号,构建区域季节性三维位移场和应力应变场模型,再结合降水和地震目录等数据,研究该地区季节性水文负荷对地震活动性的调制作用。结果表明：1）季节性地表位移与降水存在较强的时空相关性;2）季风期的降水对断层的长期运动趋势产生扰动,使库仑应力得到一定程度的释放,进而对地震活动产生抑制作用,并影响地震发生时间。 相似文献
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自然保护地有效性评估是测度其管护效果并提出改进意见的重要手段。论文从人地耦合的视角出发,提出了自然保护地有效性评估不同阶段对应的目标层次。在此基础上,分析了有效管理理论、景观可持续理论和社会—生态网络理论在指导自然保护地有效性评估中的作用。依据不同阶段的目标层次,系统地梳理了中国自然保护地有效性评估现状,并提出了提升社区治理在评估体系中的重要性、从生物多样性保护转向兼顾人类福祉提升的评估、探究管理工作对自然保护地有效性的作用机制、推动自然保护地监测网络与数据平台建设等未来研究趋势,从而完善人地耦合视角下的自然保护地有效性评估路径,以期改善自然保护地有效性评估的时效性、全面性与合理性,促进人与自然的和谐共生。 相似文献
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Tao Pei Yong Jiang Chenxu Qu Chenghu Zhou Youlin Qiao 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(10):1575-1595
In the map of geo-referenced population and cases, the detection of the most likely cluster (MLC), which is made up of many connected polygons (e.g., the boundaries of census tracts), may face two difficulties. One is the irregularity of the shape of the cluster and the other is the heterogeneity of the cluster. A heterogeneous cluster is referred to as the cluster containing depression links (a polygon is a depression link if it satisfies two conditions: (1) the ratio between the case number and the population in the polygon is below the average ratio of the whole map; (2) the removal of the polygon will disconnect the cluster). Previous studies have successfully solved the problem of detecting arbitrarily shaped clusters not containing depression links. However, for a heterogeneous cluster, existing methods may generate mistakes, for example, missing some parts of the cluster. In this article, a spatial scanning method based on the ant colony optimization (AntScan) is proposed to improve the detection power. If a polygon can be simplified as a node, the research area consisting of many polygons then can be seen as a graph. So the detection of the MLC can be seen as the search of the best subgraph (with the largest likelihood value) in the graph. The comparison between AntScan, GAScan (the spatial scan method based on the genetic optimization), and SAScan (the spatial scan method based on the simulated annealing optimization) indicates that (1) the performance of GAScan and SAScan is significantly influenced by the parameter of the fraction value (the maximum allowed size of the detected cluster), which can only be estimated by multiple trials, while no such parameter is needed in AntScan; (2) AntScan shows superior power over GAScan and SAScan in detecting heterogeneous clusters. The case study on esophageal cancer in North China demonstrates that the cluster identified by AntScan has the larger likelihood value than that detected by SAScan and covers all high-risk regions of esophageal cancer whereas SAScan misses some high-risk regions (the region in the southwest of Shandong province, eastern China) due to the existence of a depression link. 相似文献
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山区乡村学校空间格局演变特征及发展水平 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
作为农村基础设施的乡村学校在工业化,城镇化的快速推进过程中正在面临极为严峻的形势.利用趋势面分析,空间热点探测分析,核密度估计,主成分分析,聚类分析等方法对2004-2014年山区乡村学校空间格局演变特征及发展水平进行实证分析,结果表明:① 乡村学校的规模总体上大幅减少,尤其是学校的数量减少最为明显,减少接近一半(49.0%).学校的高集聚区分布于沿江平坝区和两山所夹槽谷区,而两山区相对较低.② 不同类型区乡村学校的服务范围显著缩小,特别是丘陵区2014年较2004年服务半径缩小62.0%,其次是低山区缩小47.2%.③ 乡村学校发展表现出空间变化较为强烈的相对不协调情景,由2004年发展的不均匀,不合理变为2014年的正常合理发展.④ 乡村学校的变化具有显著地正向空间集聚现象,整体呈随机分布状态,现已形成一个以西南部南宾镇为中心的大面积热点区和东南向以新乐,金玲和金竹为代表的低值区.⑤ 研究区乡村学校的发展可分为:基础差--衰落区,基础好--衰落区,基础差--发展区和基础好--发展区,这一格局与地形,经济,交通区位等对教育资源的分配影响有很大关系.⑥ 未来研究区乡村学校的发展方略应着重考虑优化乡村学校的布局,适时引导适龄儿童的家庭就近就地迁移,强调中心校,"大校"和"名校"建设.在山区人口大规模流动的背景下,明确现阶段和未来的发展思路和策略,对指导山区乡村学校发展有重要意义. 相似文献
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印支地块北部地壳的侧向挤出逃逸方式和动力机制仍存在争议,本文通过兰坪盆地晚始新世红层的构造磁学和磁倾角偏低矫正研究,探讨了青藏高原东南缘大陆变形的成因等关键问题。磁倾角偏低矫正后的原生特征剩磁分量为D_s=264.5°,I_s=-39.4°,k=21.4,α_(95)=9.6°,N=12。结果表明自晚始新世以来,位于印支地块西北部的兰坪—思茅地体,其北部相对于东亚古地磁参考极发生了80.3°±8.9°的顺时针旋转运动,同时发生了5.8°±7.2°(638±792 km)的不显著南向运动。综合前人的古地磁研究结果,表明兰坪—思茅地体北部和中部地区存在显著的差异性旋转变形。本文提出地体北部～80°的顺时针旋转变形与印度板块东端和西缅甸地块向北揳入欧亚大陆联合作用造成的北东—东向挤压作用相关,而地体中部复杂的差异性旋转变形则与川滇地体的南向挤压和临沧花岗岩带的阻挡作用所导致的局部地壳构造变形相关。因此,兰坪—思茅地体北部和中部的差异性旋转运动是地体整体性顺时针旋转运动和局部差异性旋转变形相叠加的结果,与下地壳粘性通道流的驱动并无直接关联,而与相邻地块间的差异性运动所导致的地块间的挤压作用相关。自晚始新世以来,在兰坪—思茅地体北部地区上地壳沿大型走滑断裂带发生的东南向挤出逃逸运动和下地壳通道流所导致的上地壳韧性变形作用可能共存,而地体中南部地区沿大形走滑断裂带发生整体性侧向挤出逃逸模型可能占据主导地位。 相似文献
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湖泊沉积物-水界面营养盐释放是研究湖泊环境行为的重点关注对象,但目前对于湖泊通量的估算方法选择缺乏横向定量比较.以南京莫愁湖为研究对象,在冬春夏3季采用静态释放培养法、机械搅拌培养法、流动培养法和间隙水浓度扩散模型法4种常见的湖泊通量培养方法进行氮磷释放对比实验.结果表明,非扩散模型法（静态释放、机械搅拌、流动培养）在冬季存在负通量,随着气温升高,夏季通量估算值为正,且该3种方法通量数值差异不显著.间隙水扩散模型法在三季实验中结果数值无负值,对比非扩散模型组具有显著差异,约低一个数量级.不同方法在培育过程中溶解氧和pH变化差异显著,流动培养法最为稳定.4种方法的通量结果在不同季节变化趋势具有显著相关性,非扩散模型法估算结果作为表观通量值,适用于计算湖泊沉积物营养盐释放总量,其中静态释放法结果稳定性较差,平行组相对标准偏差最高达70%;流动培养法稳定性最好,平行组相对标准偏差最高仅21%.扩散模型法估算结果作为理论释放值,在估算浅水湖泊通量时低于实际释放通量,适于探究深水湖泊沉积物间隙水动态释放过程,有助于分析湖泊沉积物性质.不同培养方法,有其侧重点,根据不同湖泊状况,应选取合适方法进行通量估算. 相似文献
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