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某些磷灰石矿物的红外吸收光谱 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
本文讨论了各种磷灰石矿物的光谱特征,氟磷灰石和羟磷灰石的光谱-结构关系及磷灰石中CO_3~(2-)和OH~(-1)离子的存在形式。在结构资料基础上,对氟磷灰石和羟磷灰石中的PO_4~(3-)离子进行了相关分析,给出了内模式的分配数目。碳氟磷灰石中的CO_3~(2-)离子的光谱与简单无水碳酸盐和氟磷灰石混合物光谱之间的差异表明,C0_3~(2-)离子以类质同象形式进入磷灰石结构中。磷灰石中的P_2O_5含量随CO_2含量的增加而降低,PO_4~(3-)离子的v_4带随CO_2的增加或减少而变化,这表明PO_4~(3-)与CO_3~(2-)离子之间存在密切的相关关系,CO_3~(2-)-PO_4~(3-)取代是类质同象置换的一种形式。羟磷灰石OH-OPO_3中的O-O距离和它的高温光谱证明,OH~(-1)离子以氢键形式存在。 相似文献
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本文报道了蛇纹石族矿物及其热转变产物的红外光谱。在室温下斜纤蛇纹石,正纤蛇纹石,叶蛇纹石和利蛇纹石都具有各自的特征光谱。在结构资料基础上,我们解释了它们之间的光谱差异。无疑,红外光谱是区分各种蛇纹石矿物的有效手段。 样品加热到600—700℃时,3680cm~(-1)羟基带消失,这表明在该温度下蛇纹石矿物完全脱羟。与此同时,光谱中出现橄榄石870cm~(-1)的最强带和一个宽带1000cm~(-1),这说明蛇纹石已部分地转变为晶质橄榄石和形成一个无定形的中间相。800℃时,1060cm~(-1)新带的出现标志着顽火辉石的生成。在所有加热样品的光谱中都没有发现SiO_2吸收带,故可认为,在蛇纹石的热转变过程中没有出现SiO_2相。 相似文献
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黄土中方解石、长石和石英的红外光谱定量测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我们曾用黄土和其他沉积物样品红外光谱中方解石、长石与石英吸收带强度的相对比值,求这三种矿物的相对含量,并且根据这些比值,参照其他方法的研究结果,讨论黄土在形成时期及形成后所经受的气候变化。在实际工作中,往往不但要求知道研究对象中方解石、长石和石英彼此之间的相对含量,还要求确定它们的百分含量。此外,就方解石和石英这两种矿物而言,它们不但分布广,而且含量高,在红外光谱上的反映又特别灵敏。因此,它们经常干扰其他矿物的测定,需要对这些干扰矿物有量的认识。鉴于这些考虑,我们对这三种矿物进行了定量测定。 相似文献
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沉积岩有机质的红外光谱及其在石油有机地球化学中的初步应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Types and degree of muturity of organic matters in sedimentary rocks as index for oil generation and evolution can be determined by infrared spectrometry. In normal cases,oil-generating rocks can be preliminarily identified by infrared spectra of solubable bitumen components. However, the spectra of condensed nuclei of aromatic hydrocarbon should be resorted to whenever the composition and structure of organic matters arc comparative complex and their degree ofmuturity are not all the same. Systematic researches of known samples show that a configuration of condensed aromatic hydrccarbon can be proposed on the basis of the index of aromatic hydrocarbon structure and the ratio of methyl and methylene to aromatic nucleus. It is evidenced by preliminary experience that oil- and coal-generating organisms can be distinguished from each other with the help of this configuration. 相似文献
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黄土中 微斜长石/石英、方解石/石英 及其古环境的意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The ratios of IM/IQ (microcline/quartz) and IC/IQ (calcite/quartz) were determined by means of an infrared spectrophotometer for loess and paleosol in the Brunhes normal polarity zone in Loehuan, Shaauxi Province. On the basis of the determined values,loesses in the Lochuan section can be divided into three types in accordance with their formation mechanisms: weakly weathered soil-formation, moderately weathered soilformation and strongly weathered soil-formatian, and paleosols in the Brown series can be divided into black loam, carbonate brown earth, brown earth, leached earth and darkbrown earth. The least square evaluation of IM/IQ and IC/IQ ratios indicates a linear positive correlation between them. The ratios of IM/IQ and IC/IQ decreased with the development of weathering soil.formation and pedogenesis during the accumulation of loess. Our study shows that these ratios can be used as an effective indicator of loess- and paleospl.formation environments. 相似文献