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The geomorphological environment is one of the most fundamental variables af-fecting the development of human society.The mission of geomorphological environment research is to explore the most basic environment and features of our Earth’s surface mor-phology.The results can be applied to resource evaluation,environmental protection and reducing and preventing geological disasters.Thus,it can serve to help achieve sustainable development.This paper examines the Shenzhen east coastal zone as a case strongly in-fluenced by urban expansion.We use modern geomorphological theory and methods,along with GIS and RS techniques,to reveal key characteristics of the geomorphological environ-ment and landform classification.Furthermore,coastal ecosystem evaluation and regional resources sustainable utilization should be considered relative to the corresponding geo-morphological environment.Based on this study,we conclude that modern geomorphological theory and methods,supported by "3S" techniques including GIS,RS and GPS,can play an important role in resolving the environment,resources and population problems as well as sustainable development challenges facing humankind at present. 相似文献
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随着现代海洋观测技术的发展,通过海岸海洋地貌调查获得的数据急剧增长。运用地理信息系统(GIS)将不同学科、不同来源、不同格式的数据进行集成管理、分析和表达已成为当前海岸海洋地貌研究的重点。系统介绍了GIS技术在海岸海洋地貌研究中新的方法体系,包括数据获取、数据处理、数据分析和数据表达四个部分,重点研究了GIS空间技术、海底地形建模和用三维可视化技术解译海洋地学,探索陆海交互作用中隐含信息的方法,并将其应用到沿海城市规划、海港选址、大陆架岛礁地貌环境研究的具体实例中,研究范围从陆到海涵盖整个海陆交互作用带,为海岸海洋社会发展、经济建设及外交权益提供科学基础和决策支持。通过上述方法体系与应用研究说明,以GIS为核心建立的多源地理空间信息平台使传统海岸海洋地貌研究的范围、内容及方法都发生了重大变化,但多源数据信息的精确解译和成功应用必须同时具有空间信息学和地貌学专家知识。 相似文献
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京杭大运河的功能与苏北运河段的发展利用* 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
京杭大运河历史时期的主要功能是运输和灌溉,增强军事防卫能力,维系政治统治,促进文化交流与经济发展。苏北段跨越黄淮平原和江淮平原,串联众多湖泊,北接鲁西南能源基地,南接经济发达的长江三角洲地区,是苏北地区重要的运输通道。在文献资料汇集整理和实地考察的基础上,提出当代大运河应充分发挥沟通乡镇、"北煤南运"及"南水北调"通道的作用,同时,还应在科学规划的基础上,发挥其历史文化遗迹、旅游民俗休闲与公众教育的功能。针对大运河苏北段水质污染、环境质量下降,航道堵塞及缺乏统一的管理机构等问题,建议加大水污染的防治力度,重视作为运河水源的湖泊水环境保护; 整治航道,在工程中注意保护运河沿岸文物; 成立大运河专门机构,统一规划部署; 加强运河航道管理以及协同地方政府与有关机构保护和利用大运河旅游资源,为申报世界遗产增强实力。 相似文献
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苏北平原MIS 3阶段海侵事件的沉积记录 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
MIS 3阶段的气候与环境是古气候与古环境研究的热点,该阶段中国沿海地区的海侵过程是沿海平原环境演化的重要事件.根据苏北平原宝应By1钻孔的14C年代结果和沉积特征、微体生物组合特点,确认苏北平原MIS 3阶段存在明显的海侵事件,潮滩与泻湖相沉积层的厚度约7m,深度在By1 孔 19～26m,海相层位于长江三角洲地区的典型末次冰盛期的硬粘土层之下,14C年代在距今26～39ka之间,属于MIS 3阶段的沉积,岩芯沉积物的沉积构造以水平的薄层砂质粉砂沉积为主.沉积物中大量的海相有孔虫壳体在研究的岩芯段中是最丰富的;此外,还发现咸水环境下的Sinocytheridea impressa(Brady),Spinileberis pulchra与Spinileberis furuyaensis,Neomonoceratina chenae Zhao,Keijella bisanensis(Okubo)等形类壳体;该段岩芯中的植物残体、碳屑也很丰富,有机质含量丰富,显示比较封闭的弱动力环境,指示了潮滩、泻湖沉积环境. 相似文献
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黄土高原红粘土古气候与古环境研究取得巨大进展。已知最老的红粘土时代达到22 Ma，在亚洲晚新生代环境演变研究，特别是在指示亚洲内陆干旱荒漠化、高原隆升的环境效应等方面有重要意义。结合野外实地调查和室内粒度、磁化率、扫描电镜和地球化学实验分析结果，对南京附近灵岩山剖面的沉积特征与风尘沉积证据进行了探讨。在灵岩山剖面玄武岩下覆的松散沉积层中有厚度超过4 m的风尘沉积层，时代在12 Ma以前，为迄今中国东部发现的新生代最老的风尘沉积物，是中新世季风气候出现之后的产物，推测与秦安红土剖面记录的15～13 Ma快速强烈粉尘沉积阶段一致，并和南极冰盖15 Ma开始扩大造成的全球降温事件有关联。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地构造与多种矿产的耦合成矿特征 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15
多种能源矿产共存富集的盆地动力学问题正在成为地质学家期待解决的前缘科学问题。鄂尔多斯盆地是在古生代华北克拉通盆地基础上发育形成的中新生代多旋回沉积盆地,盆地构造与多种能源矿产时空配置关系的研究表明,油-气-煤-铀等多种沉积能源矿产虽然赋存于盆地的不同构造单元和古生界至中生界的不同地质层位,但它们在空间分布和成矿时间上却表现出相互关联,共存富集的统一性,促使它们统一成矿、共存定位的峰值时代主要发生在盆地重大变革的燕山中晚期(140~120Ma±)和后期改造过程的早喜山期(60Ma±),明显受控于盆地中新生代的构造演化关键时期的构造转换及其耦合成矿作用。因此,探索研究鄂尔多斯盆地不同演化阶段的古构造面貌、关键变革时期的构造应力场环境及其叠加转换关系,有助于客观认识多种能源矿产共存富集可能受控的统一构造动力学环境及其耦合成矿效应。 相似文献
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地貌环境是人类一切生活最基本的场所和物质基础.地貌环境特征研究是人类对地球表层最基本、最直接特征--地貌形态的探索和解释,其研究成果可在资源评价、土地利用、环境保护、减灾防灾等方面服务于区域可持续发展.选取深圳东部海岸地区,运用现代地貌学理论和方法,借助3S技术手段,深入研究东部地区地貌环境特征,提取主要地貌特征因子,划分地貌类型,依据可持续发展理论,从地貌环境的适应性、脆弱性及恢复性三方面对区域资源环境和滨海生态系统可持续利用进行了评价.通过本次研究和实例分析可知,以"3S"技术支撑的现代地貌学理论和方法可在解决人类当前面临的资源环境问题与可持续发展方面发挥重要的基础作用. 相似文献
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Global warming has led to significant vegetation changes in recent years. It is necessary to investigate the effects of climatic variations(temperature and precipitation) on vegetation changes for a better understanding of acclimation to climatic change. In this paper, we focused on the integration and application of multi-methods and spatial analysis techniques in GIS to study the spatio-temporal variation of vegetation dynamics and to explore the vegetation change mechanism. The correlations between EVI and climate factors at different time scales were calculated for each pixel including monthly, seasonal and annual scales respectively in Qinghai Lake Basin from the year of 2001 to 2012. The primary objectives of this study are to reveal when, where and why the vegetation change so as to support better understanding of terrestrial response to global change as well as the useful information and techniques for wise regional ecosystem management practices. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Overall vegetation EVI in the region increased 6% during recent 12 years. The EVI value in growing seasons(i.e. spring and summer) exhibited very significant improving trend, accounted for 12.8% and 9.3% respectively. The spatial pattern of EVI showed obvious spatial heterogeneity which was consistent with hydrothermal condition. In general, the vegetation coverage improved in most parts of the area since nearly 78% pixel of the whole basin showed increasing trend, while degraded slightly in a small part of the area only.(2) The EVI change was positively correlated with average temperature and precipitation. Generally speaking, in Qinghai Lake Basin, precipitation was the dominant driving factor for vegetation growth; however, at different time scale its weight to vegetation has differences.(3) Based on geo-statistical analysis, the autumn precipitation has a strong correlation with the next spring EVI values in the whole region. This findings explore the autumn precipitation is an important indicator, and then, limits the plant growth of next spring. 相似文献