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Electromagnetic induction by the equatorial electrojet   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
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Anticipating the scale invariance of rock fracturing processes, we applied Keilis-Borok’s algorithm M8, originally designed for identifying times of increased probability (TIPS) of occurrence of strong earthquakes (M < 8.0), retrospectively to Koyna earthquakes which occurred in the region after the impoundment of the Shivaji Sagar reservoir in 1962. The algorithm which enables diagnosis of TIPS from the 7th year onwards after the commencement of the earliest available data set showed that the 5.3 magnitude earthquake of 20 September 1980 indeed occurred within a time of increased probability. This result, apart from its potential application to recognizing future TIPS in the region, points to selfsimilarity between the premonitory patterns of natural and induced earthquakes and to scale-invariant nature of their processes. Further, a typical precursory rise in seismicity followed by a relative quiescence was also found to precede all the three larger earthquakes of the sequence.  相似文献   
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The paper presents the first results on the behaviour of solar quiet-day variations of the geomagnetic field components at Gulmarg. Combining the data from Russian stations in the same longitude belt, the annual average daily variations are calculated which show, in the horizontal component (H), a reversal of phase between Gulmarg and Tashkent. Studying the Sq-variations at Gulmarg separately for the three seasons, the daily variation of H duringd-months is predominantly diurnal in character with the maximum before noon. Duringe-months, and more so inj-months, daily variation of the H field is predominantly semidiurnal in character with minimum around 08–09 hr LT and maximum around 14 hr LT consistently during 1978, 1979 and 1980. These features of the Sq at Gulmarg are suggested to be due to the deformations of the current loops caused by the changing latitude of focus during the course of the day.  相似文献   
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Summary The mean monthly noon critical frequencies of theE andF1 layers of the ionosphere at a number of stations in different latitudes and their variation with sunspot number have been studied in this paper. It is found that while theE layer approximates to a chapman region, theF1 layer is markedly affected by other agenices, somewhat similar toF2. In high sunspot years,foF1 shows two maxima at middle latitudes with a minimum at the equator.  相似文献   
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The source parameters are determined for the Burma-India border earthquake of July 29, 1970, from body-wave spectra. We obtain seismic moment [ , ] · 1026 dyne cm, source dimension [ ] km, radiated energy [ , −ER (S) = 1.35] · 1020 ergs and the stress drop = 11 bars.  相似文献   
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The post-sunset maximum in virtual height of theF region near the magnetic equator is associated with the general rise of the wholeF region from the base to the height of peak ionisation with little change in the semi-thickness of the layer. This rise ofF region is accentuated on days with large evening peak in the vertical drift velocity or the horizontal electric field in theF region. The range type of equatorial spreadF first occurs only if theF region drift velocity remains significantly upwards after sunset but the maximum intensity of spreadF occurs when the drift velocities are low or even downwards. The range spread first appears at or below the base of theF layer and later spreads into theF layer due to downward movement of the layer and/or upward movement of the irregularity. SpreadF seen on VHF backscatter records corresponds to the range type of spreadF seen on normal ionograms. The frequency type of spreadF does not produce VHF echoes. A strong peak in the electric field seems to be a necessary condition for the generation of equatorial spreadF.  相似文献   
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The paper describes the results of spread-F at low latitude stations around the world during the magnetic storm starting at 0130 UT on 22 January 2004. The storm can be divided into two phases, first phase up to 1000 UT when interplanetary magnetic field IMF-Bz was highly fluctuating around a small positive value and the second phase after a sudden large southward turning of IMF-Bz at 1030 UT. The first phase produced strong spread-F at Jicamarca, Sao Luis, and Ascension Island and caused complete inhibition of spread-F at Thumba and Waltair in India. It generated weak spread-F at Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam and strong spread-F at Hainan and Chung Li. The strong spread-F at Hainan and Chung Li were caused by the positive IMF-Bz during the first phase of the storm and not by the negative pulse of IMF-Bz at 1000 UT.  相似文献   
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