海浪显著波峰高度的分布     

邵福源  余宙文 《海洋学报》1984,6(6):732-743

依据海浪的线性理论,本文导出了波面与其包络线交点高度的分布,在为窄谱情形时,可以将这种分布视为海浪显著波峰高度的分布,谱宽度所产生的影响可以明显看出。文中对此分布的性质进行了较详细的讨论,验证结果表明理论与实际情形有较好的符合。  相似文献   

一种轻质硬壳海堤的断面设计和可靠性研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

陶松垒  叶培伦  俞亚南 《海洋技术学报》2002,21(3):62-66

针对软基堤坝易沉陷，滑移、倒塌的问题，提出一种新型的筑堤结构，该结构采用高强度材料作为外壳，以轻质材料放置于易沉滑的部位，以松散材料填充坝体，根据受力特性，构造要求，施工条件及抗滑稳定条件，拟解决结构断面设计的一些基本问题，并结合实例运用专业程序进行了对比计算分析，说明轻质硬壳堤坝比传统堤坝具有的更高的可靠性。  相似文献   

The expression of CYP1A,vitellogenin and zona radiata proteins in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after oral dosing with two commercial PBDE flame retardant mixtures: absence of short-term responses     

Boon JP  van Zanden JJ  Lewis WE  Zegers BN  Goksøyr A  Arukwe A 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):719-724

The short-term effects of the commercial PBDE flame retardant mixtures Penta-BDE and cta-BDE on the expression of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), vitellogenin (Vtg) and zona radiata proteins (Zrp) were investigated in juvenile salmon (Salmo salar). For this purpose, groups of fish were dosed twice (oral intake at days I and 4) with 10 and 50 mg/kg body weight of both commercial mixtures. The fishes were sacrificed at day 7 (n = 5 for each group) and 14 (n = 6 for each group), and blood, liver, fillet, and brain were collected. Blanks and positive controls were also part of the experiment. The expressions of Vtg, Zrp, and CYPIA were measured with several techniques (EROD, ELISA, Western, Northern and Slot Blot). The values in the groups of fish treated with Penta-BDE or Octa-BDE did not significantly differ from the reference group for any of the parameters tested. In contrast, the positive control groups treated with estradiol-17beta for Vtg and Zrp expression, and beta-naphthoflavone for CYP1A expression did show a significant response, indicating the potential sensitivity of the fishes for the parameters measured. Since the results of the chemical analyses showed concentrations of a number of PBDE congeners in liver, fillet, and brain that were about three orders of magnitude above those of fish from the North Sea, it is concluded that the short-term toxicity of both commercial PBDE mixtures for these endpoints was low.  相似文献   

Species, tissue and gender-related organochlorine bioaccumulation in white-sided dolphins, pilot whales and their common prey in the northwest Atlantic   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Weisbrod AV  Shea D  Moore MJ  Stegeman JJ 《Marine environmental research》2001,51(1):29-50

Organochlorine concentrations were measured in white-sided dolphins, pilot whales, and their prey from the Gulf of Maine and used to identify species, tissue, and gender differences, and trophic transfer trends, in bioaccumulation. Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations ([PCB]) in dolphin blubber (13 +/- 7.1 micrograms/g fresh wt.) were twice those in pilot whales, but pesticide concentrations (20 +/- 13 micrograms/g fresh) were similar between species. 4,4'-DDE, trans-non-achlor, Cl6(153) and Cl6(138) concentrations were highest. Skin tissues had more recalcitrant organochlorines than the internal organs. Male dolphins bioaccumulated higher concentrations of nonmetabolizable PCBs and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, whereas pilot whales had no gender-related differences in bioaccumulation. Pilot whales, mackerel, and herring had proportionately higher concentrations of DDTs, whereas [PCB] were higher in dolphins and squid. Although these odontocetes feed at the same trophic level and store a similar suite of contaminants, dolphins bioaccumulated higher and potentially hazardous 4,4'-DDE and PCB concentrations from food in their more geographically restricted range.  相似文献   

用气象要素预报浙江冬季带鱼汛汛期进展的尝试     

郑平胜  沈乃珍  俞存根 《海洋预报》1986,(4)

本文根据1980—1984年浙江冬季带鱼汛实况及有关气象资料,并查考了历史的渔汛和气象资料,提出了用副高、近岸气温、大风等气象要素预报渔汛期进展的简单方法。预报试验表明,本方法准确率较高,制作方便,适于渔业部门和渔民现场应用。  相似文献   

青岛太平角和即墨丰城沿海对虾养殖场异养菌群和条件致病菌的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王文兴  叶孝经  牟敦彩  宋庆云  刘福源  张建中 《海洋科学进展》1983,(2)

前言对虾增养殖事业发展很快,工厂化育苗和成虾养殖技术都取得了显著成果,近年已开始将部分虾苗进行放流.随着对虾养殖事业的发展,致病性微生物对对虾养殖造成的危害受到了人们的注意.如从患病的养殖对虾鳃丝上分离到一种危害对虾的丝状细菌,由于细菌的病害对  相似文献   

我国西南地区现代构造应力场与现代构造活动特征的探讨   总被引：129，自引：16，他引：113  

阚荣举  张四昌  晏凤桐  俞林胜 《地球物理学报》1977,20(2):96-109

本文通过对我国西南地区以及相邻的越南、缅甸北部地区的51个地震的震源机制结果和10个地震破裂带资料的力学分析,讨论了我国西南地区现代构造应力场分区及现代构造活动特征。并得出由鲜水河断裂带、安宁河断裂带、小江断裂带、通海曲江断裂带和红河断裂带所围成的一个不封闭菱形地块相对外围区域有向南南东移动的趋势。此菱形地块控制着我国西南地区的主要地震活动。  相似文献   

Population explosion in Africa: further implications     

Hidore JJ 《The Journal of geography》1978,77(6):214-220

A serious problem associated with the population explosion in Africa is the widespread degradation of vegetation and soils. Various factors such as climate, animal overgrazing, overcultivation, fires, and soil erosion contribute to the social and economic impact in some areas. An increase of droughts due to lack of precipitation has damaged grasslands. In addition, increased animal population due to animal disease control, increased water supply, and social custom of measuring wealth in terms of herd size cause near wastelands from overgrazing. Also, overcultivation of commercial crops due to an increasing population has accelerated soil erosion by allowing shorter fallow periods, which causes lower crop yields and soil deterioration. Firing woodlands and grasslands to suppress new woody growth is damaging soil as well as encouraging the growth of coarse grasses that have little value for grazing animals. The barren land due to firing causes soil erosion both by water and wind; a total estimated drift of dust from western Africa is 60 million tons/year. These conditions indicate that deterioration will continue resulting in lower carrying capacities and lower productivity from cultivated land.  相似文献   

铜陵天马山硫金矿床地质特征及成因探讨   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

俞沧海  袁小明 《矿产与地质》2002,16(2):74-77

天马山硫金矿床的矿体分为层状矿体、接触带矿体和穿层矿体。层状矿体和穿层矿体受石炭系黄龙组、船山组地层层位和层间断裂控制。接触带矿体受接触带控制 ,具矽卡岩型矿体典型特征。矿床的形成受地层、构造及岩浆岩控制 ,矿床成因为层控矽卡岩型硫金矿床  相似文献   

吉林省发展绿色食品的农业生态环境优势分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

孙道玮  俞穆清  田卫  冯立权  董致祥 《地理科学》2002,22(2):226-231

发展绿色食品生产是吉林省实施“生态省”建设工程的主导产业之一，本文按照绿色食品产地环境质量标准要求，客观评价了吉林省发展绿色食品的产地环境条件，得出吉林省具有发展绿色食品生产的显著农业生态环境优势。基于吉林省良好的农业生态环境质量，结合区域自然条件和资源优势，将全省分为东部山区、中部松辽平原区、西部松嫩平原区和大、中城市郊区四种区域类型，并分别提出了其发展绿色食品生产的宏观策略。  相似文献