大连市大气污染物质量浓度与气溶胶光学厚度的相关性分析     

顾吉林  汤宏山  刘淼  耿杨  于月  陶涛 《地理科学》2019,39(3):516-523

分别对2015年6~12月和2016年6~12月大连地区的大气污染物PM2.5、PM10、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃的浓度数据进行数据统计分析,基于ENVI软件平台利用MODIS数据反演大连地区的气溶胶光学厚度,通过回归建模研究气溶胶光学厚度与大连地区10个地面监测站点的大气污染物PM2.5、PM10、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃的浓度数据的相关性。回归建模以气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）为自变量,以大气污染物PM2.5、PM10、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃为因变量,在SPSS软件中分别选取线性、对数、三次、乘幂、指数5种函数类型进行研究,通过对比回归模型的拟合优度R²,选择最优拟合模型,探讨利用遥感数据反演气溶胶光学厚度监测大气污染的相关性。结果表明：气溶胶光学厚度与NO₂、PM2.5和PM10的最优拟合模型均为三次模型,其拟合优度R²分别是0.685、0.801和0.845;与O₃和SO₂的最优拟合模型为指数模型,其R²为0.367和0.482;与CO的最优拟合模型为对数模型,其拟合优度R²为0.810。该结果为分析大气气溶胶污染来源以及治理提供了数据。  相似文献   

中国地质学会2020年度“十大地质科技进展”   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

中国地质学会 《地质论评》2021,67(2):6702339-6702366

大庆油田等:松辽盆地北部古龙页岩油勘探取得重大发现大庆油田在松辽盆地北部古龙凹陷青一段地层的纯页岩内实现水平井产量重大战略突破,试油获高产工业油气流,定产试采表现出稳定的高产能力,平面上15口直井试油证实古龙页岩油平面分布范围广,规模立体含油,轻质油带具有较好的产油能力,轻质油带页岩油气资源量达到几十亿吨。通过岩心精细描述及实验分析化验数据,建立了以古沉积环境控制原始优质烃源岩发育、适中的热演化程度控制油气富集。  相似文献   

南海北部天然气水合物富集特征及定量评价          下载免费PDF全文

王秀娟  靳佳澎  郭依群  李杰  李元平  钱进  王彬  周吉林 《地球科学》2021,46(3):1038-1057

为寻找有资源前景的高富集天然气水合物及水合物储层的精细刻画方法,利用南海6次钻探发现的高饱和度水合物层的测井、岩心和三维地震数据,分析水合物富集层测井与地震异常特征.发现:（1）不同饱和度的孔隙与裂隙充填型水合物层的测井和地震异常不同,裂隙充填型水合物层具有各向异性;（2）受高通量流体运移的影响,在粉砂沉积物的水合物稳定带底界附近能形成中等饱和度的水合物层,识别标志为稳定带内极性与海底一致的强振幅反射,而非BSR和振幅空白;（3）裂隙充填型中等饱和度水合物层在地震剖面上表现为地层上拱和弱-中等强度振幅反射.储层-疏导-气源的耦合控制着水合物的富集特征和分布,断层与流体运移控制着细粒粉砂质沉积物中水合物的富集与厚度.基于饱和度岩相的统计学反演,能识别3 m非水合物和低饱和度水合物层及空间分布.   相似文献   

闽西南永定大坪辉长岩脉的年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

王锦荣  吕新彪  张建平  林晓晖  王继林  林香 《地球科学》2021,46(1):73-86

南岭地区湘南-赣南-粤北-闽西南近东西向的岩浆岩活动带在年龄、成因、动力学背景等方面一直存有争议.以福建西南部永定地区的大坪辉长岩脉为研究对象,在详细的野外工作及镜下岩相学观察的基础上,对其开展了斜锆石U-Pb同位素定年、全岩主微量元素含量以及Sr-Nd同位素比值的测试工作.获得同位素年龄为184.0±6.5 Ma,表明岩浆活动为早侏罗世.其地球化学特征具有高碱高钾的特点,无Nb,Ta的正异常,(87Sr/86Sr)_i初始值变化在0.708 0~0.709 0之间,ε_Nd(t)值在-3.6~-3.0之间,显示辉长岩脉起源于富集岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,未经历过壳源物质的AFC作用.该地区同时发育有双峰式火山岩及A型花岗岩,表明在早侏罗世包括永定在内的该岩浆带处于拉张的动力学背景,软流圈上涌,加热EMII型富集岩石圈地幔,分别形成了藩坑组玄武岩和永定大坪辉长岩脉.   相似文献   

东天山觉罗塔格构造带钙碱性侵入岩角闪石矿物学特征及其对区域找矿的启示     

李季霖  陈正乐  周涛发  韩凤彬  张文高  霍海龙  刘博  赵同阳  韩琼  李平  陈贵民 《大地构造与成矿学》2021,45(3):534-552

新疆东天山觉罗塔格构造带位于吐哈盆地和中天山地块之间,区内矿产资源丰富,是我国重要的金属矿产分布区,其成矿作用与岩浆活动密切相关.本文在详细岩相学观察的基础上,对角闪石进行了电子探针(EMPA)测试分析,限定了区内8个岩体结晶的温压条件、岩浆氧逸度和含水量等要素,为解析觉罗塔格构造带内钙碱性侵入岩的构造环境、演化过程和成矿作用提供矿物学方面的制约.测试分析表明,岩体中的角闪石富镁(MgO:5.82％～18.04％)、富钙(CaO:9.91％～12.56％)、富钠(Na2O/K2O>1.0)、贫钾(K2O:0.06％～1.16％),属于钙角闪石族.角闪石化学成分特征揭示其大部分为中酸性侵入岩中的角闪石,寄主岩浆为钙碱性,岩浆物质来源具有壳幔混源的特征,是板块俯冲背景下由地幔楔与大陆地壳物质混熔形成.由角闪石温压计得出矿物的结晶温度为751.88～887.46℃,压力为62～248 MPa,相应侵位深度为2.35～9.4 km.通过角闪石成分计算出岩浆的氧逸度为ΔNNO+0.30至ΔNNO+2.48,并且在角闪石结晶时岩浆具有较高的含水量(H2Omelt>5％).通过分析可知觉罗塔格构造带中的钙碱性侵入岩具有高温、低压、高氧逸度、富水和侵位浅的特点,有利于Cu等元素在成矿流体中富集,符合区域斑岩型铜矿的成矿条件.因此推测觉罗塔格构造带内仍具有一定斑岩铜矿的找矿潜力.  相似文献   

冀东峪耳崖金矿区闪长岩脉地球化学特征及其地质意义     

杨爱雪  孙德有  侯雪刚  王久良  张继林  李临位 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(2):416-428

冀东地区位于华北板块北缘燕山造山带东部,矿产资源丰富,是中国金矿的主要产地之一,尤其是热液型金矿。峪耳崖金矿床是冀东众多热液型金矿床的典型代表,金矿主体赋存于侏罗纪峪耳崖花岗岩体内,少部分赋存于侵入花岗岩体的侏罗纪闪长岩脉中。闪长岩脉元素地球化学分析显示：w（SiO₂）为51.99%~61.88%、Mg^#值为0.37~0.64,w（Na₂O+K₂O）为5.07%~8.89%,A/NK为1.37~2.26,A/CNK为0.73~0.96,属准铝质高钾钙碱性系列;富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti。锆石原位Hf同位素测试表明,ε_Hf（t）为负值,介于-16.5~-6.5之间。综合研究认为：峪耳崖金矿区侏罗纪闪长岩浆源于俯冲流体交代的富集岩石圈地幔,岩浆上侵过程中受到华北板块古老下地壳物质的有限混染;成矿期闪长岩浆为金成矿提供了部分物质来源;峪耳崖金矿区闪长岩脉形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲的动力学背景。  相似文献   

新疆尾亚—天湖地区花岗岩类剥蚀程度估算及对区域找矿的启示     

李季霖  陈正乐  周涛发  韩凤彬  张文高  霍海龙  刘博  赵同阳  韩琼  李平  郑加行  陈贵民 《地学前缘》2021,28(3):355-378

尾亚—天湖地区位于新疆中亚造山带东南部的中天山地块内,晚古生代—中生代岩浆活动强烈,产出了战略性关键矿产尾亚钒铁磁铁矿。在详细岩相学观察的基础上,对尾亚、天湖和沙泉子南岩体中的角闪石和黑云母进行了电子探针(EMPA)测试分析,限定了3个岩体结晶的温压条件、氧逸度、含水量和含铁指数等要素,为解析中天山地块的岩浆-成矿物化条件及其区域找矿勘查工作提供参考。测试结果表明,该区花岗岩类中的角闪石富镁、钙、钠,贫钾,属于钙角闪石族;黑云母有高镁、钛、铝、钾和低硅、钠的特征为镁质黑云母。角闪石和黑云母的化学成分揭示其寄主岩浆为钙碱性造山带岩系,具有壳幔混源的特征,推测可能是板块俯冲背景下由地幔楔与大陆地壳物质混熔形成。根据角闪石-黑云母矿物温压计,估算出沙泉子南石英闪长岩的结晶温度为651~753 ℃,压力为31~79 MPa,尾亚二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩的结晶温度为762~833 ℃,压力为85~215 MPa,天湖花岗闪长岩的结晶温度为668~812 ℃,压力为31~117 MPa。3个岩体岩浆结晶时的氧逸度lgf(O₂)范围为-15.7~-9.4,而且在角闪石结晶时岩浆具有较高的含水量。综合分析,认为该区的花岗岩类具有高温、低压、高氧逸度、富水和高含铁指数的特点,有利于Fe等成矿元素在流体中富集,具有良好的铁矿成矿条件。进一步利用角闪石-黑云母压力计,计算了花岗岩类岩体的侵位深度,从而估算出岩体的剥蚀程度处于2.2~5.5 km,且区域的隆升剥蚀量差异明显;结合现有的矿产地表展布特征,推测天湖岩体一带深部仍具有较好的铁矿找矿潜力。  相似文献   

Purification of a Diatom and Its Identification to Cylindrotheca closterium     

WANG Song  ZHANG Lin  YANG Guanpin  ZHU Baohua  PAN Kehou 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2015,(2):357-361

A diatom was purified with colony selection and continuous dilution methods. It was identified to Cylindrotheca closterium according to its morphological characteristics and rbc L and 18 s r RNA gene sequences. The alga was not sensitive to ampicillin and neomycin, but sensitive to chloramphenicol which inhibited its growth at concentrations ranging from 50 to 150 μg m L-1. The purified alga was easy to culture and its specific growth rate was 0.207 ± 0.002(d-1). It was resistant to pollution and could be harvested in an easy way. It was relatively high in lipid content(20.08% ± 0.67% of dry weight) and the combined amount of its 16:0 and 16:1(n-7), the most suitable resource of biodiesel, was as high as 64% of the total fatty acids, while the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids reached 19.96%–20% of the total fatty acids. Thus the purified C. closterium can be cultured as a biodiesel producer or a nutrition supplement producer.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Insecticide Carbaryl to Flounder Gill Cells and Its Teratogenicity to Zebrafish Embryos     

EY Manish Raj  GUO Huarong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2015,(2):362-374

In this study, we determined the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of carbamate insecticide carbaryl to flounder gill(FG) cells and its teratogenicity to zebrafish embryos. The cytotoxicity of carbaryl to FG cells was determined with methods including MTT and neutral red uptaking(NRU), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) releasing and Hoechst 33342 and propidium idodide(PI) double staining. Moderate cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner was observed. The 24 h-IC50 value of 53.48 ± 1.21, 59.13 ± 1.19 and 46.21 ± 1.24 mg L-1 carbaryl was obtained through MTT, NRU and LDH assays, respectively. Double fluorescence staining demonstrated that carbaryl induced the death of FG cells mainly through necrosis. There was no significant genotoxicity found in the FG cells exposed to the highest testing concentration of carbaryl(20 mg L-1, P 0.05) as was demonstrated by Comet assay. Zebrafish embryos exposed to carbaryl at concentrations ≥10 mg L-1 displayed moderate toxic effects on the survival, spontaneous movement, hatching, heart rates of the embryos and their development, which were evidenced by yolk and pericardial sac edemas, body length reduction and tail flexure in time- and concentration-dependent manners at specific stages. The 24 h-, 48 h- and 96 h-LC50 values of carbaryl to zebrafish embryos were 41.80 ± 1.10, 17.80 ± 1.04 and 14.46 ± 1.05 mg L-1, respectively. These results suggested that carbaryl is moderately toxic to FG cells cultured in vitro and zebrafish embryos, and the FG cells were similar to zebrafish embryos in their sensitivity to carbaryl as 24 h-IC50 and LC50 indicated.  相似文献   

A Comparative Study of Fish Assemblages Near Aquaculture,Artificial and Natural Habitats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Zhenhua  CHEN Yong  ZHANG Shouyu  WANG Kai  ZHAO Jing  XU Qiang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2015,(1):149-160

Habitat plays a critical role in regulating fish community structure. Using the data collected from a monthly trammel net survey in Ma’an archipelago off the east coast of China, we evaluated impacts of five different habitats(artificial reefs, mussel farms, cage aquaculture, rocky reefs and soft bottom) on fish assemblages. This study suggests that artificial reefs(AR) have significantly higher species richness, abundance and diversity than mussel farms(MF) or soft bottom(SB) habitats during most seasons, and that fish taxa in the AR habitats are similar to those in the rocky reef(RR) habitats. Two different fish assemblage patterns were revealed in the study area using non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination: an assemblage dominated by reef fishes(especially by Scorpaenidae species) in AR, RR and cage aquaculture(CA) habitats and an assemblage dominated by Sciaenidae species in MF and SB habitats. We suggest that reef fishes play a key role in differentiating fish community structures in the study area. Although few differences in fish abundance and diversity were found between the CA and SB habitats, a more diverse age structure was observed in the CA habitats. A much more complex fish assemblage and enhanced population of local species were established as a result of the presence of both floating and fixed artificial structures, probably through improved survival rates.  相似文献