海洋岛海域水温异常波动与养殖栉孔扇贝死亡的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周玮  薛真福  王有君  贺先钦  林祥辉  王庆成  刘兴盛  孙景伟 《海洋湖沼通报》1992,(4)

本文对海洋岛海域水温异常波动,与该海域养殖栉孔扇贝大批死亡的关系,进行了研究。首先,总结了几年来海洋岛海域养殖栉孔扇贝死亡的特征。其次,结合水温观测数据分析了水温异常波动与栉孔扇贝大批死亡的关系。得出的结论是:大幅度、跳跃型水温异常波动是导致扇贝死亡主要原因。最后,通过生物试验证实了上述观点。  相似文献   

岩层离距图法研究沉积岩断裂发育史——以松辽盆地敖古拉断裂为例     

雷茂盛  林静薇 《海相油气地质》2004,(Z1)

利用断裂活动过程中留下的各种地质标记研究断裂发育史是比较困难的 ,已有的研究方法主要可归纳出七种 ,都存在局限性。岩层离距图法是以地震剖面为基础 ,将穿过断裂的各剖面上的标志层投影到沿断裂走向的铅垂面上 ,得到多组标志层的垂向断距数据 ,然后用下部各标志层的断距减去最上部标志层的断距 ,并作多轮次计算 ,直到最后的断距差近似为零或仅剩一个非零标志层。每一轮次计算代表一个活动期次 ,如果出现负值 ,则表示有构造反转。对松辽盆地敖古拉断裂作了实例计算 ,结果为该断裂发育经历了三个正断活动期和一个逆断活动期 ,与盆地区域性活动有些差别。岩层离距图法比起其他已有方法 ,可靠程度大大提高  相似文献   

Characteristics and Origin of Tight Oil Accumulations in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin, North-Central China     

WU Songtao  ZOU Caineng  ZHU Rukai  YAO Jingli  TAO Shizhen  YANG Zhi  HAI Xiufen  CUI Jingwei  LIN Senhu 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(5):1821-1837

The Upper Triassic oil accumulations in the Ordos Basin is the most successful tight oil play in China,with average porosity values of less than 10% and permeability values below 1.0 mD.This study investigated the geological characteristics and origin of the tight oil accumulations in the Chang 6 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Shanbei area based on over 50,000 petrological,source-rock analysis,well logging and production data.The tight oil accumulation of the Chang 6 member is distributed continuously in the basin slope and the centre of the basin.The oilwater relationships are complex.Laumontite dissolution pores are the most important storage spaces,constituting 30%-60% of total porosity and showing a strong positive relationship with oil production.The pore-throat diameter is less than 1 μm,and the calculated critical height of the oil column is much larger than the tight sand thickness,suggesting that the buoyancy was probably of limited importance for oil migration.The pressure difference between the source rocks and sandstone reservoirs is inferred to have provided driving force for hydrocarbon migration.Two factors of source-reservoir configuration and laumontite dissolution contributed to the formation of the Chang 6 tight oil accumulations.Intense hydrocarbon generation and continuous sand bodies close to the hydrocarbon kitchen are the foundation for the large-scale oil distribution.Dissolution of feldspar-laumontite during the process of organic matter evolution generated abundant secondary pores and improved the reservoir quality.  相似文献   

Depth classification of underwater targets based on complex acoustic intensity of normal modes     

Guang?Yang  Jingwei?YinEmail author  Yun?Yu  Zhenhua?Shi 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(2):241-246

In order to solve the problem of depth classification of the underwater target in a very low frequency acoustic field, the active component of cross spectra of particle pressure and horizontal velocity (ACCSPPHV) is adopted to distinguish the surface vessel and the underwater target. According to the effective depth of a Pekeris waveguide, the placing depth forecasting equations of passive vertical double vector hydrophones are proposed. Numerical examples show that when the sum of depths of two hydrophones is the effective depth, the sign distribution of ACCSPPHV has nothing to do with horizontal distance; in addition, the sum of the first critical surface and the second critical surface is equal to the effective depth. By setting the first critical surface less than the difference between the effective water depth and the actual water depth, that is, the second critical surface is greater than the actual depth, the three positive and negative regions of the whole ocean volume are equivalent to two positive and negative regions and therefore the depth classification of the underwater target is obtained. Besides, when the 20 m water depth is taken as the first critical surface in the simulation of underwater targets (40 Hz, 50 Hz, and 60 Hz respectively), the effectiveness of the algorithm and the correctness of relevant conclusions are verified, and the analysis of the corresponding forecasting performance is conducted.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal analyses of air pollutants and meteorological driving forces in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region,China     

Zizhan Hu  Xuguang Tang  Chen Zheng  Menglin Guan  Jingwei Shen 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(14):540

Due to its negative impact on the living environment of human beings, ambient air pollution has become a global challenge to human health. In this study, surface observations of six criteria air pollutants, including PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, CO and O₃, were collected to investigate the spatial and temporal variation in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during 2013–2016 and to explore the relationships between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological variables using quantile regression model (QRM) and multiple linear regression model (MLRM). The results show that BTH region has experienced significant air pollution, and the southern part generally has more severe conditions. The annual average indicates clear decreasing trends of the particulate matters, SO₂ and CO concentrations over the last 4 years and slight increasing trends of NO₂ and O₃ in several cities. The seasonal and monthly characteristics indicate that the concentrations of five species reach their maxima in the winter and their minima in the summer, whereas O₃ has the opposite behaviour. Finally, the pseudo R² values show that the QRMs have the best performance in the winter, followed by spring, fall, and summer. Specifically, all the meteorological factors have significant impacts on air pollution but change with pollutants and seasons. The MLRM results are generally consistent with the QRM results in all seasons, and the inconsistencies are more common in the fall and winter. The results of this research provide foundational knowledge for predicting the response of air quality to climate change in the BTH region.  相似文献   

断裂应力特征及其转折控油气规律研究——以南堡凹陷为例     

马强  德勒恰提&#;加娜塔依  陈亚军  马乐  于景维  祁利祺 《地质力学学报》2018,24(5):587-597

为了分析断裂对油气宏观分布规律的控制作用,寻找有勘探潜力的油气富集带,文中以地质力学理论为指导,对南堡凹陷断裂组合应力特征、断裂转折及成因进行解析,并结合砂体分布和古今构造应力场分布特征,对南堡凹陷东营组油气分布规律和有利勘探区带做了研究。结果表明:断裂转折部位对油气分布有着控制作用,东营组已探明的油气主要在帚状断裂系、入字形断裂系、交织式断裂系转折轴部高曲率附近呈环带状分布;断裂转折凹面一侧控油性明显,从宏观上来看,油气具有沿沉积相带由细到粗的构造脊高点以及弧形断裂转折凹面一侧的选择性运移的特征,断裂转折轴部高曲率高孔、高渗域与高孔、高渗砂体沉积相带的有利对置决定了油气的主流向;综合研究指出,南堡凹陷北堡构造带是今后优势勘探的首要区带,其次是南堡构造带和南堡4号蛤坨构造带南部。  相似文献   

克拉玛依地区野外地质实习基地建设研究     

孙新铭  李莉  于景维  徐媛媛  柳妮  王满  井春丽 《城市地质》2018,(2):109-114

野外实践教学在地学人才培养中具有重要作用,稳定的实习基地是开展实践教学的前提和基础。克拉玛依所处的准噶尔盆地西北缘地区位于哈萨克斯坦、塔里木与西伯利亚三大板块的交汇处,自晚古生代以来经历了多期次、多阶段长期而复杂的地质演化,褶皱构造、大型纵向走滑断裂构造发育,广泛发育晚古生代花岗岩侵入体和蛇绿混杂岩带,沉积地层连续、完整,沉积构造典型、特征显著,古生物化石丰富,白杨河深切峡谷、河流阶地地貌以及乌尔禾魔鬼城雅丹风蚀地貌各具特色,西北缘油砂矿、紫砂矿、金丝玉等矿藏储量丰富。区域内的地层、古生物、构造、地貌、矿产资源等为克拉玛依工程教育基地各院校的地学类相关专业的野外实践教学提供了丰富的教学资源,是一个理想的野外地质实习基地。  相似文献   

西太平洋暖池对夏季华东海面日最大风速变化的影响          下载免费PDF全文

韩雪  徐经纬  刘杨珂 《大气科学学报》2021,44(5):727-736

利用1979—2018年ERA Interim地面10 m风场、位势高度场、温度场和风场,Hadley中心HadISST再分析海温资料,采用SVD分析、合成分析等方法,研究了夏季（6—8月）西太平洋暖池关键海域海表面温度（Sea Surface Temperature,简称SST）对华东海域夏季10 m日最大风速变化的影响关系。SVD分析结果表明,夏季华东近海风速变化与菲律宾以东海域SST有明显负相关,第一模态左、右空间向量的时间系数相关达0.58,通过了置信度为95%的显著性检验。当西太平洋暖池SST正异常时,暖池海域SST增高,西北太平洋副热带高压（以下简称副高）加强,副高脊线北进（西北太平洋副高脊线纬度位置与暖池SST相关系数达到0.46,通过置信度为95%显著性检验）。此时华东近海正处于副高控制,近海下沉运动增强,大气温度垂直剖面有普遍增温现象,10 m风场有偏北风异常,海面风速减小约占40 a平均风速的约30%;当暖池SST负异常时,副高东撤南退,华东近海冷空气活动加强,温度垂直剖面存在显著降温现象,华东近海风速增加占40 a平均风速的20%以上。本研究进一步说明了暖池SST异常是一个有效的预报因子,可用于华东近海海面风速预测预报。  相似文献   

变化涡动沾性系数的Ekman动量近似模式风场结构     

何京伟  谈哲敏 《气象科学》2001,21(4):433-444

在边界层动力学中，涡动粘性系数是影响边界层风场结构的一个重要参数。本文利用边界层动力学中的Ekman动量近似理论，给出了涡动粘性系数随高度缓变条件下的Ekman动量近似边界层模式解，着重讨论了边界层的风场结构、水平散度、垂直涡度以及边界层顶部的垂直速度。结果分析表明：与常值涡动粘性系数情况相比，在边界层低层随高度增加的涡动粘性系数可以导致低层边界层风速随高度迅速增加，即风速垂直切变增加，同时风速矢与地转风之间的夹角减小。惯性项作用可以导致上述作用在气旋性区域减小、而在反气旋性区域增大。随高度增加的涡动粘性系数导致水平散度绝对值、垂直涡度绝对值以及边界层顶部的垂直速度绝对值在气旋性区域减小，而在反气性旋区域增大。涡动粘性系数与惯性之间的非线性相互作用是边界层动力学中重要过程。  相似文献   

内蒙古夏季干旱的水汽输送特征分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

宋桂英  潘进军  王德民  韩经纬  荀学义 《气象》2007,33(6):75-81

对于大气中水汽的定性、定量测量是提高内蒙古干旱研究与预测的有效手段。利用NCEP再分析资料和内蒙古地区实测降水资料（1961-2000年），定性、定量地分析东亚水汽分布、水汽输送与内蒙古夏季干旱的关系。得出内蒙古地区上空低层大气的含水量偏少是内蒙古夏季干旱的一个重要因素。由于青藏高原大地形作用，孟加拉湾和南海的水汽北上受阻，不能达到内蒙古高原是形成内蒙古干旱的又一原因。受大气环流影响，内蒙古高原水汽辐合偏弱是内蒙古夏季干旱的重要原因。青藏高原的水汽通量与内蒙古东西部降水都存在明显负相关；孟加拉湾至内蒙古西部是内蒙古西部地区降水的水汽通道，南海至中国东北地区为内蒙古东部降水的水汽通道。  相似文献