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Zoya A. Bessudnova 《《幕》》2008,31(3):368-369
In 2006, the Moscow publishing house Nauka （Science） published a 246-page book by Zoya A. Bessudnova entitled Geological Research at the Natural History. Museum of Moscow University, 1759-1930 as No. 32 in its series ＂Sketches on the History of Geological Knowledge＇. The author is a geologist and Senior Researcher in the Department for the History of Geology of the Vernadsky State Geological Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and a member of the International Commission on the History of Geological Sci- ences （INHIGEO）. 相似文献
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IntroductionWhenpropagatingthroughananisotropicmedium,ashearwavesplitsintotwo(quasi)shearwaveswithdifferentpropagationspeedsandpolarizedorthogonally.Owingtotherecentdevel-opmentofseismicobservationsystem,detectionofshearwavessplittingwithverysmalldelaytimesbetweenfasterandslowershearwavesbecameavailableandprovidedpowerfulapproachfordetectionofcrustalanisotropy.Crampin(1978)emphasizedtheroleofalignedmicrocracksasacauseofcrustalanisotropyandpointedoutthatforverticallyalignedmicrocracksthedirecti… 相似文献
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Vladimir Traskine Zoya Skvortsova Alexey Muralev Dmitry Zubov 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2009,97(3-4):265-274
Pressure solution creep was studied on sodium chloride, calcium carbonate and ammonium nitrate in respective saturated aqueous solutions under static loading and cyclic unloading. Ball indentation and powder compaction curves show that each transition from static to cyclic regime produces an increase—sometimes manifold—in creep rate which lasts over the whole time of cyclic impact. After returning to static regime, the initial creep rate reappears. Over longer-term tests, both in static and cyclic regime, the creep gradually slows down. Increasing impact frequency enhances the effect. Any noticeable changes in strain rate are absent in a pure inert medium (paraffin oil). Possible mechanisms of the cyclic unloading effect are discussed. 相似文献
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通过对1997年5月10日Zirkuh ( Ghaen-Birjand )破坏性地震若干余震横波分裂现象的观测，研究了该地区上地壳各向异性特征. 采用质点运动图和纵横比两种不同手段获取了横波分裂参数. 所选余震记录显示了明显的横波分裂，说明该地区介质具有强烈的各向异性. 通过质点运动的方法得出:快横波的偏振方向为22N19E；且快、慢横波的延时之差为6516 ms. 用纵横比的方法得到的结果为:快横波的偏振方向35N18E, 且快、慢横波的延时之差为(4910)ms. 对于厚约5 km各向异性均匀分布的水平层， 我们采用了一个沿应力分布的裂纹模型，并采用垂直于N22E排列, 且密度为0.01的裂纹情况来解释本文结果. 由于研究范围是上地壳，因此假设裂纹被水填充. 最后通过Hudson模型，对裂纹密度为0.005, 0.01和0.03的模型，给出横波速度随传播方向与裂纹对称轴夹角的变化曲线. 结果表明，当横波的偏振平行于裂纹表面时波速不随角度变化；而偏振垂直于裂纹表面时，速度曲线则有明显变化. 相似文献
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Zoya Farajpour Mehdi Zare Shahram Pezeshk Anooshiravan Ansari Esmael Farzanegan 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(4):80
This paper discusses a newly developed high-quality integrated dataset of shallow earthquake ground motions that occurred in Iran, from 1976 to 2013. A total of 860 three-component strong motion records are processed from 183 earthquake events, moment magnitudes 5.0?≤?M w ?≤?7.4, and rupture distances of R RUP ≤ 120 km. Strong motion data from Iran having special tectonic features and shallow earthquakes with depths less than 35 km are included. This paper presents a thorough procedure used to collect and to generate a database following the Next-Generation Attenuation-West research projects. This database can be used in the development and ranking of ground motion models and for seismological and engineering hazard and risk analyses. Unprocessed strong motion records are obtained from the Iranian Strong Motion Network (ISMN). The time series collected were thoroughly examined through several rounds of quality reviews. The newly generated database includes the peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and pseudo-spectral acceleration for the 5% damped with periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 s. The database also includes ground motion information and source characterization and parameters. This study is the near-source compiled ground motion database that can be used for Iran, and it is consistent with standard worldwide databases. 相似文献
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Samar Amini Roland Roberts Mohammad Raeesi Zaher Hossein Shomali Bjorn Lund Zoya Zarifi 《Journal of Seismology》2018,22(4):815-831
An intraplate earthquake doublet, with 11-min delay between the events, devastated the city of Varzeghan in northwestern Iran on August 11, 2012. The first Mw 6.5 strike-slip earthquake, which occurred after more than 200 years of low seismicity, was followed by an Mw 6.4 oblique thrust event at an epicentral separation of about 6 km. While the first event can be associated with a distinct surface rupture, the absence of a surface fault trace and no clear aftershock signature makes it challenging to identify the fault plane of the second event. We use teleseismic body wave inversion to deduce the slip distribution in the first event. Using both P and SH waves stabilize the inversion and we further constrain the result with the surface rupture extent and the aftershock distribution. The obtained slip pattern shows two distinct slip patches with dissimilar slip directions where aftershocks avoid high-slip areas. Using the estimated slip for the first event, we calculate the induced Coulomb stress change on the nodal planes of the second event and find a preference for higher Coulomb stress on the N-S nodal plane. Assuming a simple slip model for the second event, we estimate the combined Coulomb stress changes from the two events on the focal planes of the largest aftershocks. We find that 90% of the aftershocks show increased Coulomb stress on one of their nodal planes when the N-S plane of the second event is assumed to be the correct fault plane. 相似文献