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中国石炭纪生物礁造礁群落演化 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
中国石炭纪造礁群落是弗拉斯期—法门期生物绝灭事件后新兴起的。该群落在早期演化过程中经历了形成、发展、完善和衰落的过程,构成一个群落演化旋回。晚期又开始新一轮的旋回,群落的二分性十分显著。显然,石炭纪造礁群落代表一个不连续的演化过程。 相似文献
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活动断裂带的壤中气汞量测量研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在覆盖区应用壤中气汞量测量研究活动断裂是一种新方法,它不仅能较准确地确定活动断裂的位置,还可以确定其产状,规模,活动性及相对强度,甚至可以作为确定断裂力学性质的参考,本文简棕了断裂带壤中气汞量测量的基本原理,并以长江三峡,长春,吉林等地利用该种方法研究活动断裂的成果为例,说明该项研究的效果及应用前景。 相似文献
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A Strontium and Neodymium Isotopic Investigation of the Fongen--Hyllingen Layered Intrusion, Norway 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Fongen—Hyllingen Intrusion, situated 60 km SE of Trondheim,Norway, is a synorogenic layered mafic intrusion of Caledonianage . The intrusion is divided into four evolutionary stages based on cryptic variations: StageI—a basal reversal; Stage II—unchanged mineral chemistryor slight normal evolution; Stage III—a gradual regression;Stage IV— a strong normal fractionation trend Magma replenishmentdominated during most of the crystallization, i.e. during StagesI, II and III Replenishing magma was more dense than resident,evolved magma, and continuing influx eventually caused a compositionallystratified magma column to form. Cryptic lateral variation isan important feature in the southern part of the complex andformed by in situ crystallization from a stratified magma alongan inclined floor, where modal layering formed parallel to thecrystallization front. Initial Sr- and Nd-isotopic ratios inthe cumulates vary as a result of assimilation of country rockand subsequent mixing between uncontaminated, replenishing magmaand contaminated, resident magma. The parental magma had a moderatelydepleted isotope composition, relative to Bulk Earth, with Nd=584and Sri=070308, whereas the main contaminant was a partialmelt of metapelitic country rock with Nd=-874 and Sri=07195(Sri is the initial 87Sr/86Sr). Sri in the analysed cumulatewhole-rock samples ranges from 070308 to 070535 and initialNd ranges from. 158 to 584. There is a strong correlationbetween mineralogical composition and isotopic trends in mostof the cumulates: the most primitive samples are the least contaminated,as reflected by relatively high ed and low Sr,, and more evolvedsamples have progressively lower eNi and higher Sry A gradualregression of several hundred metres thickness characterizesStage III; stratigraphically upwards mineral compositions becomemore primitive and isotope compositions more depleted (higherNd and lower Sri), implying a process of. progressive mixing-inof replenishing, primitive and uncontaminated magma. Magma influxin Stage III took place by fountaining, whereas magma additionwas more tranquil in the earlier stages. The fountaining influxentrained resident, relatively evolved and contaminated magma,resulting in a hybrid magma which ponded at the floor. Duringprolonged magma addition with concomitant crystallization, thelowermost magma layer was replaced by progressively more primitivehybrid magma, creating a gradual regression in the crystallizingcumulate sequence. A detailed two-dimensional study revealslateral variations in mineral compositions both at the baseand top of Stage III, whereas lateral variations in Sr- andNd-isotopic compositions are present at the top, but not atthe base. This implies that the lowest crystallizing part ofthe magma column was essentially isotopically homogeneous, butcompositionally stratified, before influx in Stage III. Isotopicgradients in the magma were strong close to the roof, wheremost of the assimilation occurred, and decreased downwards,merging into isotopically homogeneous magma. This stratifiedsystem was destroyed by turbulent mixing between replenishingand resident magma during fountaining influx in Stage III, anda new stratification was established with both an isotopic anda compositional gradient. After the final influx, crystallizationcontinued in an essentially closed system, in which the remainingmagma column eventually became homogenized, as magma layersmixed when their densities converged owing to release of buoyant,residual liquid during fractional crystallization.
Corresponding author 相似文献
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黄河下游悬河稳定性环境地学研究 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
本文从地壳、地基和堤坝三系统对黄不可下游悬河做了初步工程地质研究，对悬河的地质背景、河道稳定性的地控制因素和地质工程治理对策有了较系统的认识。明确以稳定现有河道为目标，用地质工程和水利工程相结合的大系统环境治理方法，是消除悬河威胁解决中国这一重要环境岩土工程问题的可行途径。 相似文献
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香港西博寮海峡WB7孔的第四纪沉积及硅藻研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
香港西搏寮海峡ＷＢ７孔第四纪沉积物中共有硅藻５４属，１８６个分类单位，该硅藻生物群以沿岸潮间带和近岸浅海种为主，伴有热性，暖热性浮游硅藻。依据硅藻在剖面中的分布特征，丰度及百分比含量变化，自下而上可划分出６个硅藻组合带。并明显反映该沉积时期的古气候与古环境特征，其中第５，６，带相当于全新世，其余４个带均属更新世。 相似文献
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高分辨率洞穴石笋中稳定同位素应用——北京元大都建立后对森林资源的破坏—δ~(13)C记录 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
对采自北京西山石花洞内的石笋进行了δ~(18)O,δ~(13)C和Mg/Sr分析,获得分辨率为25a的北京地区3000a以来的古气候和古环境信息。以δ~(18)O和D_(Mg/Ca)作为气候变化信息,证实石笋δ~(13)C反映了古气候变化对植被的影响。当石笋δ~(13)C值增大时,表示C_3/C_4植物比值降低,气候变干热;当石笋δ~(13)C值减小时,表示C_3/C_4植物比值升高,气候变湿冷。同时,笔者也发现了北京元大都建立以来对森林资源的破坏。在650B P至360B P,从元大都建立到明代晚期北京外城的增筑,北京西山林木被砍伐用于建筑和烧制木炭,使得这一地区的植被遭受重大改变。C_3/C_4植物的比值大幅度降低,石笋的δ~(13)C值增大3‰。尽管在此之后的气候条件有利于C_3植物的发育,但这一地区的植被没有恢复到受人类破坏前的水平。通过与历史资料对比,证明石笋中的δ~(13)C记录的确能反映C_3/C_4植物比值的分配变化,从而可以间接地反演古气候和人类活动的影响。 相似文献
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陕北奥陶系钾盐层位的发现与研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
陕北奥陶系是一个大型海相蒸发岩盆地,笔者在盆地东侧下奥陶统马家沟组,发现了钾石盐,光卤石等钾盐矿物,这是世界上首次在奥陶系发现钾盐,笔者较详细地研究了地质条件,含盐岩系剖面特下,物质成分和地球化学等,探讨了蒸发岩沉积的古地理环境和成盐模式据蒸发岩组成特征,结构构造,赋存状态,组合关系,地球化学诸方面的综合研究,认为陕北盆地钾盐沉积形成于残留卤水湖和干盐湖阶段。 相似文献
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中国金矿床分布的分形研究 总被引：17，自引：4，他引：13
根据1:40O万中国岩金成矿图,在矿床地质研究基础上,用分形理论探讨了中国岩金矿的空间分布。研究表明,在两个尺度范围内,金矿床在空间上呈分形分布,其中数盒子法的分维数D分别为0.3333(5～80km)和1.3259(80～2400km);密度分布的分维数D分别为1.2033(5～80km)和1.5459(80～2400km)。金矿床的分形分布给超大陆旋回会聚构造边缘控制金矿的分布及成矿作用的观点以有力的佐证。 相似文献