排序方式： 共有5条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1
1.
2.
文昌鱼嘌呤代谢酶基因:结构与演化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
嘌呤代谢是动物含氮废物排出体外的重要途径之一.嘌呤代谢终产物在不同动物各不相同.这是由于进化过程中,参与代谢1种或多种酶基因或者酶活性的丢失所致.本文从JGI网站佛罗里达文昌鱼基因组数据库中搜索文昌鱼参与嘌呤代谢主要5种酶(黄嘌呤脱氢酶、尿酸酶、尿囊素酶、尿囊酸酶、尿素酶)的基因,并且将它们与其他12种具有代表性且基因组序列已知的动物包括人、小鼠、狗、鸡、爪蟾、河豚、斑马鱼、海鞘、海胆、果蝇、线虫、海葵的基因结构进行比较.结果发现文昌鱼参与嘌呤代谢的酶基因有的和脊椎动物基因相似(黄嘌呤脱氢酶和尿酸酶),有的和脊椎动物与无脊椎动物的基因都不相似(尿囊酸酶),还有的和无脊椎动物海胆与海葵基因外显子个数与内含子相位都相似但外显子之间缺乏对应关系(尿素酶).所有这些都支持文昌鱼代表脊椎动物始祖代表类型,同时兼具特化特征的观点.尿素酶基因存在于水生无脊椎动物中,而在陆生的果蝇和线虫中均未发现尿素酶基因,因而我们推测随着动物由水生向陆生进化,参与尿素分解的尿素酶基因可能在陆生动物中完全丢失. 相似文献
3.
基于我国海洋生物区系特征的渤海表层水体中镉的概率生态风险评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Predicted no-effect concentration(PNEC) is often used in ecological risk assessment to determine low-risk concentrations for chemicals. In the present study, the chronic data from native saltwater species were used to calculated PNEC values using four methods: log-normal distribution(ETX 2.0), log-triangle distribution(US EPA's water quality criteria procedure), burr III distribution(Burrli OZ) and traditional assessment factor(AF). The PNECs that were calculated using four methods ranged from 0.08 μg/L to 1.8 μg/L. Three of the SSD-derived PNECs range from 0.94 to 1.8 μg/L, about a factor of two apart. To demonstrate the use of SSD-based PNEC values and comprehensively estimate the regional ecological risk for cadmium in surface water of the Bohai Sea, in the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, and Laizhou Bay, China, the dissolved cadmium concentrations were measured and obtained 753 valid data covering 190 stations from July 2006 to November 2007. Based on three ecological risk assessment approaches, namely hazard quotient(HQ), probabilistic risk quotient and joint probability curve(JPC), the potential ecological risk of cadmium in surface water of the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, and Laizahou Bay were estimated. Overall, the ecological risk of cadmium to aquatic ecosystem in the whole Bohai Sea was at acceptable ecological risk level, the order of ecological risk was Liaodong BayBohai BayLaizhou Bay. However, more concerns should be paid to aquatic ecological risk in the Liaodong Bay which is the home of many steel, metallurgy and petrochemical industrial in China. 相似文献
4.
载脂蛋白D(ApoD)属于脂蛋白家族,目前对ApoD的研究集中在基因表达、组织分布和具体功能上,而对其包括调控区在内的基因组结构分析相对较少,而该部分内容对进一步了解和阐明ApoD蛋白功能有重要意义.本文从生物信息学角度对分属于原生动物、无脊椎动物、头索动物和脊椎动物类群的10种动物ApoD的基因结构及调控区的调控元件的分析及比较,发现:(1) ApoD基因结构从原生动物草履虫到原口动物再到后口动物海胆的进化过程中不保守,但在分析的几种脊椎动物中相当保守;(2) 文昌鱼ApoD基因扮演从无脊椎动物到脊椎动物承上启下的角色,代表脊椎动物ApoD基因原型;(3) 调控区大多数调控元件为不同动物共有,说明ApoD功能及其表达调控在进化中的保守性;(4) ApoD基因个别调控元件是随着物种进化而出现并开始发挥相关作用,如SF-1;还有个别的调控元件在进化过程中还没有发现其规律,这可能说明ApoD的某些功能因物种不同存在一定差异. 相似文献
5.
1