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本论文通过对南海北部三次台风过境期间基于浮标观测的海浪谱进行分析，发现虽然大部分成熟的台风海浪谱为单峰结构，但实际上在台风海浪的成长和衰减阶段，双峰谱占据了很大的比例。双峰谱的形成主要是由于风浪和涌浪的叠加以及不同波分量之间的非线性相互作用，我们可以通过能量密度的成长率对谱型变化进行高效的预报。此外，台风海浪的主要波向依赖于台风中心相对观测点的位置，而波向的分散情况在相距台风中心较远的区域无明显规律。本文提出了一个新的六参数波浪谱型拟合双峰谱，其拟合效果相较于前人的谱型更好。通过验证，形状参数和谱宽度之间的理论关系依然适用于单个谱峰。通过分析谱参量的变化特征，证明了谱参量不仅与台风强度和台风路径相关，还存在很强的交互相关。最后通过拟合海浪谱数据，本文得到了台风影响下海浪有效波高和有效周期之间的成长关系，这对海洋工程实际应用具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Observed typhoon wave spectrum in northern South China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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为探讨潮汐对东海陆架边缘处水交换通量的影响, 本文基于ROMS海洋数值模式, 对渤海、黄海、东海的潮汐、环流进行了模拟研究。研究结果显示, 在水平方向上, 潮汐效应主要影响我国台湾岛东北及日本九州西南的水交换, 其中在台湾岛东北区域, 潮汐效应通过增加黑潮分支流(KBC)的向岸及离岸速度来加强黑潮水的跨陆架交换。潮汐效应对200 m等深线处跨等深线流速的影响量值约为3~5 cm/s。从垂直方向上来看, 潮汐效应能够影响到深度200 m处水层的深层交换。进一步研究其作用机制, 发现潮汐效应主要通过平流输送项来影响水体交换, 而其对水体的水平及垂直扩散项的影响较小。 相似文献
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渤海及北黄海气溶胶分布特征和大气校正研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2003-2005年三年夏季渤海及北黄海海上调查资料,使用浑浊度系数α和埃斯特朗指数β描述气溶胶的光学厚度,对该海域上空气溶胶分布特征进行了分析.调查数据显示,浑浊度系数α的范围是0.03～2.76,大部分站点α集中分布在1个比较小的范围内;埃斯特朗指数β的范围是0.12～1.64,其分布较分散.在β=1.3处存在一个β最大值,在β<0.8的范围分布相对均匀.分析还发现,气溶胶的光学厚度与标准化气压有明显的负相关(相关系数为-0.42),特别是二者对应变化曲线的跨零点基本重合.在数据分析的基础上,作者提出了两尺度气溶胶的光学厚度模型以及对应的两尺度气溶胶散射的反射率模型,这样可将传统气溶胶模型中乘幂形式的两个变量结合改为两个变量线性组合,从而将气溶胶散射的反射率并入整体反演公式,使之有可能被用于水色遥感的线性系统算法,从而避免传统大气校正的过程,这为二类水体水色反演提供了一种新思路. 相似文献
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The probability distribution of wave heights under the assumption of narrowband linear wave theory follows the Rayleigh distribution and the statistical relationships between some characteristic wave heights,derived from this distribution,are widely used for the treatment of realistic wind waves. However,the bandwidth of wave frequency influences the probability distribution of wave heights. In this paper,a wave-spectrum-width parameter B was introduced into the JONSWAP spectrum. This facilitated the construction of a wind-wave spectrum and the reconstruction of wind-wave time series for various growth stages,based on which the probability density distributions of the wind-wave heights were studied statistically. The distribution curves deviated slightly from the theoretical Rayleigh distribution with increasing B. The probability that a wave height exceeded a certain value was clearly smaller than the theoretical value for B ≥0.3,and the difference between them increased with the threshold value. The relation between the H s /σ ratio and B was investigated statistically,which revealed that the H s / σ ratio deviated from 4.005 and declined with B. When B reached 0.698 1,the H s / σ ratio was 3.825,which is about 95.5% of its original value. This indicates an overestimation in the prediction of H s from H s =4.005 σ,and provides a potential method for improving the accuracy of the H s remote sensing retrieval algorithm,critical for extremely large waves under severe sea states. 相似文献
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Study on the growth of wind wave frequency spectra generated by cold waves in the northern East China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The growth of frequency spectra and spectral parameters of wind waves generated by cold waves, a kind of severe weather system, in the northern East China Sea is studied in this paper. Based on a third-generation wave action model(the Simulating WAves Nearshore model), simulations were developed to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of wind waves and to output spectral data. It is shown that the cold wave-induced spectra can be well described by the modified Joint North Sea Wave Project spectral form. The growth of wave spectra is comprehensively reflected by the evolution of the three characteristic parameters: peak frequency, spectral peak and wave energy. Besides, the approximations of dependences between spectral parameters and the three types of universal induced factors are obtained with the least squares method and compared systematically. Fetch and peak frequency turn out to be suitable parameters to describe the spectral parameters, while the dependences on the inverse wave age vary in different sea areas. In general, the derived relationships improve on results from previous studies for better practical application of the wind wave frequency spectrum in the northern East China Sea. 相似文献
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北印度洋是我国“海上丝绸之路”的重要通道,其每年热带气旋活动引起的风暴潮等严重威胁着船舶航行安全和沿岸国家人民生命财产安全。分析研究北印度洋风暴潮的特征,对我国经济发展及北印度洋沿岸国家防灾减灾具有重要的现实意义。利用美国联合预警中心(the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, JTWC)公布的1950~2020年热带气旋资料、美国国家海洋和大气管理局(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA)公布的1950~2020年热带气旋资料与1950~2020年的Niño3.4指数、夏威夷大学海平面中心(University of Hawaii Sea Level Center, UHSLC)公布的北印度洋每小时的水位数据进行分析,结果表明: (1)北印度洋大于1 m的风暴潮主要分布在孟加拉湾北部,少量分布在孟加拉湾其他区域与阿拉伯海; (2)孟加拉湾北部区域的年际最大热带风暴潮(annual maximum tropical cyclone storm surge, AMTSS)与当月Niño3.4指数、南方涛动指数(southern oscillation index, SOI)相关性较高、受厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(EI Niño-Southem Oscillation, ENSO)的影响明显; (3)北印度洋AMTSS月际分布呈现双峰分布,与热带气旋(tropical cyclone, TC)的月际分布基本一致; (4) La Niña期间影响孟加拉湾北部的热带气旋在数量与强度方面均超过El Niño期间影响孟加拉湾的热带气旋,是La Niña期间风暴潮极值大于EI Niño期间风暴潮极值的重要原因。研究表明, AMTSS对ENSO信号的响应可能为AMTSS提供了潜在的可预测性,这对早期预警和减少风暴潮灾害具有重要意义。 相似文献
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<正>Severe sea state,which features huge ocean waves under strong surface wind and often comes along with heavy rainfall,storm surge,and coastal f looding,is associated to a range of disastrous ocean dynamic environments,including storm surge,disastrous wave,internal wave,etc.,and bring serious economic damage and safety threat to coastal area.In China,previous studies have shown that the storm surge had the highest 相似文献