黄渤海带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)渔业生物学参考点估计研究     

纪毓鹏  刘群  廖宝超  张清清  韩亚楠 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(10):20-26

It is important to find a reliable method to estimate maximum sustainable yield(MSY) or total allowable catch(TAC) for fishery management, especially when the data availability is limited which is a case in China. A recently developed method(CMSY) is a data-poor method, which requires only catch data, resilience and exploitation history at the first and final years of the catch data. CMSY was used in this study to estimate the biological reference points for Largehead hairtail(Trichiurus lepturus, Temminck and Schlegel) in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, based on the fishery data from China Fishery Statistical Year Books during 1986 to 2012. Additionally,Bayesian state-space Schaefer surplus production model(BSM) and the classical surplus production models(Schaefer and Fox) performed by software CEDA and ASPIC, were also projected in this study to compare with the performance of CMSY. The estimated MSYs from all models are about 19.7×104–27.0×104 t, while CMSY and BSM yielded more reasonable population parameter estimates(the intrinsic population growth rate and the carrying capacity). The biological reference points of B/BMSY smaller than 1.0, while F/FMSY higher than 1.0 revealed an over-exploitation of the fishery, indicating that more conservative management strategies are required for Largehead hairtail fishery.  相似文献   

周期性Ca2+ 、Mg2+浓度波动对凡纳滨对虾稚虾摄食、生长和能量代谢物含量的影响     

张丹  涂纹  刘群  程镇燕  崔培  王庆奎  乔秀亭 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,50(11)

养殖水环境中的离子浓度会因气候和季节的变化发生波动,对凡纳滨对虾的摄食、存活和生长产生影响。在实验室条件下,凡纳滨对虾养殖水体Ca~(2+)/Mg~(2+)保持在1∶3左右,以恒定Ca~(2+)浓度150 mg/L、Mg~(2+)浓度450 mg/L为对照组(CC0组),4 d为一个离子浓度波动周期,分别以Ca~(2+)浓度100 mg/L、Mg~(2+)浓度300 mg/L和Ca~(2+)浓度45 mg/L、Mg~(2+)浓度135 mg/L为离子浓度波动处理组(CCM1组和CCM2组),研究Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)浓度波动对凡纳滨对虾稚虾生长和鳃中能量代谢物质含量的影响。结果表明:在本实验条件下,Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)浓度波动对凡纳滨对虾稚虾的存活无显著影响。在CCM1组中,对虾的食物转化效率(FCE)、特定生长率(SGR)显著高于CC0组和CCM2组对虾(P0.05),蜕皮率也达到最高,但蜕皮率与其他两组差异不显著(P0.05)。在检测出的21种能量代谢物质中,丙酮酸等3种能量代谢物含量随水体Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)浓度波动幅度的升高而降低,且在CC0组对虾体内含量较高;草酰乙酸等4种能量代谢物含量随水体Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)浓度波动幅度的升高而降低,且在CCM1组对虾体内含量较高;NAD+等14种能量代谢物含量随水体Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)浓度波动幅度的升高而升高。其中,NADP+、环腺苷酸、丙酮酸和α-酮戊二酸的含量变化达到显著水平(P0.05)。研究结果表明:周期性Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)浓度波动条件下,凡纳滨对虾具有生长差异,且在能量平衡上产生积极响应。适宜范围内的Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)浓度波动,促进凡纳滨对虾的生长,这与其能量储备和平衡相关。  相似文献   

偏振激光雷达探测大气—水体光学参数廓线   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

周雨迪  刘东  徐沛拓  毛志华  陈鹏  刘志鹏  刘群  唐培钧  张与鹏  王雪霁  任佳炜  金时伟 《遥感学报》2019,23(1):108-115

激光雷达在上层水体垂直廓线的遥感中展现出巨大优势。本文研制了一套高垂直分辨率的实时探测偏振激光雷达,提出了一种基于偏振激光雷达回波信号的反演算法,采用Fernald理论和多次散射原理反演非均匀大气—水体的衰减和退偏光学产品,以高效稳定地处理偏振激光雷达实验数据。展示了一个中国内陆水体激光雷达探测实例,观测到了两次气溶胶积聚现象和一次水体浑浊现象。对实验数据的分析表明,退偏比主要由前向多次散射和后向单次散射产生的退偏两部分组成。当多次散射强度较大时,退偏比的变化主要取决于多次前向散射退偏;反之,则主要依赖于单次后向散射退偏。  相似文献   

“三江”北段沱沱河地区的成矿规律与找矿方向   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋玉财  侯增谦  王贵仁  李连松  杨天南  张洪瑞  刘燕学  杨竹森  田世洪  刘英超  贾宗涌  汪元奎  刘群  闫明  何利 《矿床地质》2015,34(1):1-20

"三江"成矿带的北段沱沱河地区是中国首批整装勘查区之一,区域成矿规律和找矿方向亟待了解。研究表明,区内主要发育3期成矿事件,形成5种主要矿床类型。早期成矿发生在晚二叠世至早三叠世,为龙木错-双湖洋向北俯冲下的弧间或弧后盆地环境,形成开心岭火山岩容矿块状Fe(-Cu-Zn)矿床(VMS型);第二期成矿作用发生于新生代40~25 Ma期间,对应印-亚大陆晚碰撞环境,形成那日尼亚与钾质火山岩岩浆活动有关的脉状PbZn矿床、扎日根玢岩型铁矿床及扎拉夏格涌与碱性斑岩有关的热液脉状Pb-Zn矿床;第三期矿化出现在新生代23Ma以来,对应印-亚大陆后碰撞环境,形成以茶曲帕查为代表的密西西比河谷型(MVT)Pb-Zn矿床。综合分析表明,区内应优先寻找MVT型矿床,在区域逆冲带的前锋带中,老于新生代的碳酸盐岩内、碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩地层界面附近是找矿的主要方向;晚二叠世至早三叠世及晚三叠世地层中双峰式火山岩建造是寻找VMS矿床的有利部位;新生代闪长玢岩分布区的正磁异常、Cu化探异常、发育绿帘石和绿泥石化的地区有利于寻找玢岩型铁矿床;而热液脉状Pb-Zn矿床的成矿潜力有限。  相似文献   

Stock discrimination of spottedtail goby (Synechogobius ommaturus) in the Yellow Sea by analysis of otolith shape   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王英俊  叶振江  刘群  曹亮 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(1):192-198

Otolith shape is species specific and is an ideal marker of fish population affiliation. In this study, otolith shape of spottedtail goby Synechogobius ommaturus is used to identify stocks in different spawning locations in the Yellow Sea. The main objectives of this study are to explore the potential existence of local stocks of spottedtail goby in the Yellow Sea by analysis of otolith shape, and to investigate ambient impacts on otolith shape. Spottedtail goby was sampled in five locations in the Yellow Sea in 2007 and 2008. Otoliths are described using variables correlated to size (otolith area, perimeter, length, width, and weight) and shape (rectangularity, circularity, and 20 Fourier harmonics). Only standardized otolith variables are used so that the effect of otolith size on the shape variables could be eliminated. There is no significant difference among variables of sex, year, and side (left and right). However, the otolith shapes of the spring stocks and the autumn stocks differ significantly. Otolith shape differences are greater among locations than between years. Correct classification rate of spottedtail goby with the otolith shape at different sampling locations range from 29.7%–77.4%.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the fishery status for King Soldier Bream Argyrops spinifer in Pakistan using the software CEDA and ASPIC     

刘群 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(4):966-973

Catch and effort data were analyzed to estimate the maximum sustainable yield(MSY) of King Soldier Bream, Argyrops spinifer(Forssk?l, 1775, Family: Sparidae), and to evaluate the present status of the fish stocks exploited in Pakistani waters. The catch and effort data for the 25-years period 1985–2009 were analyzed using two computer software packages, CEDA(catch and effort data analysis) and ASPIC(a surplus production model incorporating covariates). The maximum catch of 3 458 t was observed in 1988 and the minimum catch of 1 324 t in 2005, while the average annual catch of A. spinifer over the 25 years was 2 500 t. The surplus production models of Fox, Schaefer, and Pella Tomlinson under three error assumptions of normal, log-normal and gamma are in the CEDA package and the two surplus models of Fox and logistic are in the ASPIC package. In CEDA, the MSY was estimated by applying the initial proportion(IP) of 0.8, because the starting catch was approximately 80% of the maximum catch. Except for gamma, because gamma showed maximization failures, the estimated results of MSY using CEDA with the Fox surplus production model and two error assumptions, were 1 692.08 t(R 2 =0.572) and 1 694.09 t( R 2 =0.606), respectively, and from the Schaefer and the Pella Tomlinson models with two error assumptions were 2 390.95 t( R 2 =0.563), and 2 380.06 t( R 2 =0.605), respectively. The MSY estimated by the Fox model was conservatively compared to the Schaefer and Pella Tomlinson models. The MSY values from Schaefer and Pella Tomlinson models were the same. The computed values of MSY using the ASPIC computer software program with the two surplus production models of Fox and logistic were 1 498 t(R 2 =0.917), and 2 488 t( R 2 =0.897) respectively. The estimated values of MSY using CEDA were about 1 700–2 400 t and the values from ASPIC were 1 500–2 500 t. The estimates output by the CEDA and the ASPIC packages indicate that the stock is overfished, and needs some effective management to reduce the fishing effort of the species in Pakistani waters.  相似文献   

Effects of varying densities on serum reproductive parameters in pen-reared juvenile female rainbow trout <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus mykiss</Emphasis> farms     

侯志帅  温海深  李吉方  何峰  刘群  王金环  管标  王庆龙 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,35(1):98-108

The primary goal of this study was to assess the effect of varying densities on serum reproductive parameters of immature rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Experimental trout were maintained in intensive, pen-reared farms for 300 days in fresh water reservoirs. Initial densities were 4.6, 6.6, and 8.6 kg/m³ (40, 60, 80 ind./m³), indicated as SD1, SD2, SD3, and final densities were 31.1, 40.6, 49.3 kg/m³, respectively. A summary of the ovarian stages were observed by histological examination. Serum E₂ (estradiol), T (testosterone) were evaluated by radioimmunoassay and FSH (follicle-stimulating-hormone), LH (luteinizing-hormone), vitellogenin, 17α,20β-P (17α,20βdihydroxy4-pregnen-3-one) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings demonstrated that ovarian development were retarded (from stage III to stage IV) at highest rearing density (SD3) after 180 days of intensive culture (over 40.6 kg/m³). In addition, we observed an inverse relationship between serum reproductive parameters and rearing density. Furthermore, compared to serum reproductive parameters of SD1, E₂, T, FSH, vitellogenin, 17α,20β-P, GSI and LH of two higher density groups decreased firstly and significantly at 60 (over 15.9 kg/m 3 ), 180 (over 31.7 kg/m 3 ), 180 (over 40.6 kg/m³), 240 (over 36 kg/m³), 240 (over 36 kg/m³), 240 (over 45 kg/m³) and 300 (over 49.3 kg/m³) days, respectively. Comparing serum reproductive parameters within the same ovarian development stage of rainbow trout from varying densities revealed that higher population density also led to significantly lower overall serum reproductive parameters. Overall, this study presents the reproductive, endocrinological parameters of juvenile female rainbow trout at high rearing densities and indicates the need for rainbow trout (114.44±5.21 g, 19.69±0.31 cm) that are initially stocked at 6.6 or 8.6 kg/m³ should be classified and subdivided into lower density after 180 days of farming (not over 31.7 kg/m³).  相似文献   

长江和长江口高含量无机氮的主要控制因素   总被引：41，自引：6，他引：41  

沈志良  刘群  张淑美  苗辉  张平 《海洋与湖沼》2001,32(5):465-473

根据1998－1998年长江和长江口河水和雨水的现场调查、历史资料以及相关文献，定量分析长江流域无机氮的主要来源和输送调查。估算表明，降水无机氮、农业非点源氮（化肥和土壤流失的氮）和点源污水氮的输入分别占长江口无机氮输出通量的62．3％、18．5％和14．4％。氮的降水输入是长江口高含量无机氮的主要来源，进入长江的降水氮仅仅大约占长江流域全部降水氮的36．8％。降水米要受控于化肥气态损失、化石燃料及动植物过程中释放的物质等。实际上，化肥N的气态损失和农业非点源流失大约占长江流域年化肥N使用量的60％，这是控制长江口高含量无机氮的关键因素。  相似文献   

三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)幼体不同干露温度下死亡率的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜令绪  刘群  王仁杰  李玉全 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(1):127-132

通过设置15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃4个干露温度梯度,检测不同发育阶段三疣梭子蟹幼体的露空时间、死亡率、含水量、失水率及体重消耗率等指标,分析干露温度、发育阶段与幼体死亡率的关系。结果表明,各发育阶段的幼体死亡率均随干露时间的增加而升高(P<0.05);不同温度条件下,Ⅰ期幼蟹(CⅠ)的含水量、失水率和体重消耗率均高于Ⅱ期幼蟹(CⅡ)(P<0.05);CⅡ20℃时的露空时间最长,为11h,半致死时间为7—8h;30℃时最短,为2h;CⅠ15℃时的露空时间最短,为0.5h;20℃时最长,为4h。相同温度下,幼体各发育阶段的耐干露能力为CⅡ>CⅠ>ZⅣ>ZⅢ=M。结果说明,温度≤15℃不利于幼体的存活,温度≥25℃干露耐受性降低。因此,20℃更有利于幼体获得长存活时间。  相似文献   

组件重用思想在GIS开发中的应用     

张恒  刘群 《测绘工程》2009,18(4):66-69

传统的GIS开发方式多采用结构化的设计思想,对于不同GIS信息系统的建设.需要重复去设计、开发相关模块,开发效率较低.文中将组件重用思想应用到GIS开发实践中,总结基于组件的软件重用技术,探讨GIS开发中常见可重用组件接口的设计思路,包括:主界面接口设计、空间数据库互操作接口设计和查询接口设计.通过开发实践证明,基于组件重用思想的GIS开发具有良好的开放性,可以高效、快速地开发出更稳定的应用系统,显著降低开发成本.  相似文献