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趋磁细菌(magnetotactic bacteria,MTB)是一类能够沿着磁力线运动的特殊细菌。MTB在胞内磁小体的导向下借助自身鞭毛进行趋磁趋氧运动,以到达适宜的生境。本研究在青岛潮间带沉积物中发现大量的趋磁球菌,通过光镜与透射电镜对其运动方式与显微结构进行观察。结果显示优势趋磁细菌为卵球形,大小为2.5μm×2.1μm,宽长比为0.85,将其命名为QH-3。QH-3为趋北型(North-seeking)MTB,运动速度88μm/s,细胞内两侧各有一条由棱柱形颗粒组成的磁小体链。QH-3在菌体同一侧有两个由直径62 nm±9 nm的鞘包裹7根鞭毛组成的鞭毛束。这种特殊的鞭毛结构与已报道的致病菌的不同,而与法国地中海趋磁球菌MO-1的相似。 相似文献
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荣成月湖潮间带单细胞趋磁细菌的多样性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Marine magnetotactic bacteria were collected from the intertidal sediments of Yuehu Lake(China), where their abundance reached 103–104 ind./cm3. Diverse morphotypes of magnetotactic bacteria were observed, including cocci and oval, vibrio-, spirillum-, rod-, elliptical-, handle- and bar-shaped forms. The magnetococci were the most abundant, and had flagella arranged in parallel within a bundle. The majority of magnetosomes were arranged in one, two or multiple chains, although irregular arrangements were also evident. All the results of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) analysis show that magnetosome crystals were composed of Fe3O4, and their morphology was specific to particular cell morphotypes. By the 16 S r RNA gene sequence analysis, we found fourteen operational taxonomic units(OTUs) which were related to magnetotactic bacteria. Among these, thirteen belonged to the Alphaproteobacteria and one to the Gammaproteobacteria.Compared with known axenic and uncultured marine magnetotactic bacteria, the 16 S r RNA gene sequences of most magnetotactic bacteria collected from the Yuehu Lake exhibited sequence identities ranging from 90.1% to96.2%(97%). The results indicate that microbial communities containing previously unidentified magnetotactic bacteria occur in the Yuehu Lake. 相似文献
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根据2004年1—12月用浅水Ⅰ型和浅水Ⅱ型浮游生物网在胶州湾进行的每月一次垂直拖网采集的浮游动物样品,分析了胶州湾浮游动物的种类组成。调查结果表明,在胶州湾出现的浮游动物共81个种,春、夏季的种类数多于秋、冬季,湾北部的种类数少且年内波动大,湾南部、湾口和湾外种类数多且年内波动小。胶州湾浮游动物优势种为双刺纺锤水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)、短角长腹剑水蚤(O.brevicornis)、近缘大眼剑水蚤(Corycaeus affinis)、异体住囊虫(Oikopleura dioica)、强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)、八斑芮氏水母(Rathkea octopunctata)和小介穗水母(Podocoryne minima)等。从个体大小上来看,体长<1mm的浮游动物丰度最大。与历史资料的比较显示,2004年胶州湾水母类比90年代同期增加15种,八斑芮氏水母成为冬季优势种。海区比较显示,胶州湾浮游动物的种类组成与渤海相似,与黄海有所不同。 相似文献
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趋磁细菌是一类能够沿着磁力线运动的革兰氏阴性细菌, 主要生活在淡水和海洋的有氧-无氧过渡区。本调查通过对青岛汇泉湾潮间带沉积物柱状样分层样品中趋磁细菌的计数和沉积物理化因子的分析, 研究了趋磁细菌的垂直分布特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果显示趋磁细菌以趋北型的趋磁球菌占优势, 主要分布环境的氧化还原电位为179.7～-107.0 mV, 为弱还原-还原性质, 最大丰度(94～169个/cm3)出现在氧化还原跃层(表层下5～9cm黄-黑沙界面处), 暗示有氧-无氧过渡区; 趋磁细菌的垂直变化趋势与粒径、含水率、硫酸盐的变化趋势基本一致。 相似文献
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