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长棘海星暴发对珊瑚礁生态系统产生了严重危害,而水体营养盐的补充可能是导致长棘海星暴发的一个关键因素。砂质沉积物对调控珊瑚礁区的营养盐浓度和结构起着关键作用,因此本研究通过流动式反应器对长棘海星和砂质沉积物进行模拟实验,分析长棘海星排泄活动及其死亡后有机体降解对水体营养盐的影响,并探究砂质沉积物的响应。实验结果表明:（1）长棘海星排泄的溶解无机氮（DIN）和溶解无机磷（DIP）通量分别为（83.55±4.74）μmol/(ind.·h)和（2.53±0.03）μmol/(ind.·h),这些营养盐可能给长棘海星的持续暴发提供营养条件;（2）砂质沉积物对长棘海星排泄导致的营养盐浓度升高具有缓冲作用,约70.7%的DIN和91.4%的DIP被截留在沉积物中,但沉积物界面营养盐交换导致的氮磷比升高可能不利于珊瑚生长;（3）长棘海星死后的有机体降解可促使沉积物–水界面释放营养盐,结合海星暴发密度估算,其释放的营养盐可导致上覆水中DIN和DIP浓度分别升高0.32 μmol/L和0.01 μmol/L,这可能会促使大型藻的快速生长而妨碍珊瑚的自我修复。 相似文献
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2018年7月对茅尾海主要入海河口区进行现场调查,分别采用二乙酰一肟法和分光光度法测定了表层海水中尿素和各种形态氮的浓度,分析了该海湾尿素的浓度变化、分布特征及溶解态氮的组成,并探讨其来源和分布的影响因素。结果表明:夏季茅尾海尿素的浓度(以N计)分布在0.40~1.13μmol/dm^3范围内,平均浓度为(0.51±0.18)μmol/dm^3。钦江入海口区尿素的平均浓度高于茅岭江入海口区,尿素占茅尾海溶解有机氮(DON)的0.8%~10.3%。茅尾海尿素分布特征主要表现为由河口向外海逐渐降低的特点,高值区主要位于河流入海口,陆源输入和海域自身生物地球化学过程是控制茅尾海尿素来源分布的主要影响因素。 相似文献
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The phosphorus cycle is studied during 2013–2014 in the Sanggou Bay(SGB), which is a typical aquaculture area in northern China. The forms of measured phosphorus include dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP), dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP), particulate inorganic phosphorus(PIP), and particulate organic phosphorus(POP).DIP and PIP are the major forms of total dissolved phosphorus(TDP) and total particulate phosphorus(TPP),representing 51%–75% and 53%–80%, respectively. The concentrations and distributions of phosphorus forms vary among seasons relative to aquaculture cycles, fluvial input, and hydrodynamic conditions. In autumn the concentration of DIP is significantly higher than in other seasons(P0.01), and higher concentrations are found in the west of the bay. In winter and spring the phosphorus concentrations are higher in the east of the bay than in the west. In summer, the distributions of phosphorus forms are uniform. A preliminary phosphorus budget is developed, and shows that SGB is a net sink of phosphorus. A total of 1.80×10~7 mol/a phosphorus is transported into the bay. The Yellow Sea is the major source of net input of phosphorus(61%), followed by submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)(27%), river input(11%), and atmospheric deposition(1%). The main phosphorus sink is the harvest of seaweeds(Saccharina japonica and Gracilaria lemaneiformis), bivalves(Chlamys farreri),and oysters(Crassostrea gigas), accounting for a total of 1.12×10~7 mol/a. Burial of phosphorus in sediment is another important sink, accounting for 7.00×10~6 mol/a. Biodeposition by bivalves is the major source of phosphorus in sediment, accounting for 54% of the total. 相似文献
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