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Perciformes, the largest order of vertebrates with 20 suborders, is the most diverse fish order that dominates vertebrate ocean life. The complete mitochondrial control region (CR) of Trichiurus japonicus (Trichiuridae, Scombroidei) and Pampus sp. (Stromateidae, Stromateoidei) were amplified and sequenced. Together with data from GenBank, the tandem repeats in the mitochondrial CR from 48 species, which covered nine suborders of Perciformes, are reported in this study. The tandem repeats tend to be long in the suborder Percoidei and Stromateoidei. The identical repeats in 21 species of Cichlidae suggest a common origin and have existed before species divergence. Larimichthys crocea shows tandem repeats instead of the typical structure of the central conserved sequence blocks, which was first reported in Perciformes and vertebrates. This might have resulted from interruption of the polymerase activity during the H-strand synthesis. The four broader patterns presented here for the tandem repeats, including those in both the 5′ and 3′ ends, only in the either 5′ or 3′ end, and in the central conserved domain of the control region, will be useful for understanding the evolution of species.  相似文献   
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运用电脉冲转基因仪对合浦珠母贝卵子进行电脉冲处理以优化电穿孔法转基因的电击参数。实验中调制百分比:100%;脉冲间隔:1.0s:电极距离:2mm;脉冲个数:5个,参数保持不变。用不同的电脉冲参数组合(脉冲电压100-400V、脉冲持续时间0.5~3.0ms、脉冲频率10~50kHz,共28个组合)对卵子电击,然后加入精子进行授精,统计各组受精率和孵化率,以受精率和孵化率达到50%以上为衡量指标。结果表明,合浦珠母贝卵子对低脉冲频率和高电压非常敏感,当频率低于20kHz或脉冲电压高于400V时对卵子损伤较大。脉冲持续时间对其影响不大,适应范围较宽。优化的转基因电击脉冲参教组合为:脉冲电压1.0kV/cm,脉冲持续时间20ms,脉冲频率50kHz,或者脉冲电压1.5kV/cm,脉冲持续时间1.5ms,脉冲频率50kHz。  相似文献   
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Along with the sequencing technology development and continual enthusiasm of researchers on the mitochondrial genomes, the number of metazoan mitochondrial genomes reported has a tremendous growth in the past decades. Phylomitogenomics—reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships based on mitochondrial genomic data—is now possible across large animal groups. Crustaceans in the class Malacostraca display a high diversity of body forms and include large number of ecologically and commercially important species. In this study, comprehensive and systematic analyses of the phylogenetic relationships within Malacostraca were conducted based on 86 mitochondrial genomes available from Gen Bank. Among 86 malacostracan mitochondrial genomes, 54 species have identical major gene arrangement(excluding t RNAs) to pancrustacean ground pattern,including six species from Stomatopoda, three species from Amphipoda, two krill, seven species from Dendrobranchiata(Decapoda), and 36 species from Pleocyemata(Decapoda). However, the other 32 mitochondrial genomes reported exhibit major gene rearrangements. Phylogenies based on Bayesian analyses of nucleotide sequences of the protein-coding genes produced a robust tree with 100% posterior probability at almost all nodes. The results indicate that Amphipoda and Isopoda cluster together(Edriophthalma)(BPP=100).Phylomitogenomic analyses strong support that Euphausiacea is nested within Decapoda, and closely related to Dendrobranchiata, which is also consistent with the evidence from developmental biology. Yet the taxonomic sampling of mitochondrial genome from Malacostraca is very biased to the order Decapoda, with no complete mitochondrial genomes reported from 11 of the 16 orders. Future researches on sequencing the mitochondrial genomes from a wide variety of malacostracans are necessary to further elucidate the phylogeny of this important group of animals. With the increase in mitochondrial genomes available, phylomitogenomics will emerge as an important component in the Tree of Life researches.  相似文献   
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藤壶是潮间带生态、幼体发育以及生物防污损研究中重要的模式生物。目前,线粒体基因组学的发展有助于从线粒体基因组水平上更好地理解系统发育关系。本研究获得东方小藤壶Chthamalus challengeri完整线粒体基因组,大小为15358bp的环状分子。与藤壶亚目其它物种相比,东方小藤壶非编码区的长度较长,而基因区的长度则相近。东方小藤壶线粒体基因组A+T含量为70.5%。现有藤壶物种的线粒体基因组中存在起始和终止密码子的变化。同属的东方小藤壶和触肢小藤壶C. antennus具有共同的基因排列。然而,小藤壶科中不同属之间却具有不同的基因排列,包括两个tRNA基因出现易位,一个基因块出现倒置。值得注意的是,与以往藤壶亚目物种不同,小藤壶属两个物种的srRNAlrRNA基因都在重链上编码。小藤壶科中进化树的拓扑结构与基因排列证据相互支持,系统发育分析表明小藤壶科是单系群,而藤壶科和古藤壶科则是多系群。  相似文献   
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我国珠母贝属(Pinctada)主要种类亲缘关系的初步分析   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
采用核糖体DNA内部转录间隔子1(ITS1)序列初步分析了珠母贝属8个种的亲缘关系。结果表明,ITS1长度范围分布在402—474bp之间,大珠母贝的ITS1序列最长,黑珠母贝的最短。作为外群的企鹅珍珠贝ITS1长385bp。系统发育分析表明,所研究种类聚合成3个类群。类群I包括合浦珠母贝Pinctadafucata和覆瓦珠母贝P.imbricata。类群II包括白珠母贝P.albina、黑珠母贝P.nigra、长耳珠母贝P.chemnitzi和射肋珠母贝P.radiata,其中前2个种聚合成1枝,后两个种聚合成另一枝,分别形成两个亚群类群IIA和类群IIB。类群III包括珠母贝P.margaritifera和大珠母贝P.maxima。类群IIA与类群IIB之间、类群III的大珠母贝与珠母贝之间的遗传距离较近(0.080—0.100),类群I与类群II之间遗传距离较远(0.250—0.270),类群III与类群I和类群II之间的遗传距离最大(0.400—0.570)。类群I中我国的P.fucata和澳大利亚的P.imbricata之间遗传距离很小(0.000—0.013),而两者的种内遗传距离分别为0.002—0.013和0.005,种内与种间遗传距离相重叠,表明P.fucata和P.imbricata应为同种。类群IIA的P.albina与P.nigra之间的遗传距离为0.013,可能为两个亚种。类群IIB中的P.radiata与P.chemnitzi之间的遗传距离只有0.005—0.007,而本研究的P.chemnitzi的ITS1序列与GenBank中的P.chemnitzi的ITS1序列高度一致,表明P.radiata的鉴别可能有误。  相似文献   
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