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1.
The presence of Biecheleria cincta (=Woloszynskia cincta) in the Chinese coasts is reported for the first time. In scanning electron microscope, three to five series of vesicles and an elongated apical vesicle (EAV) were visible in the epicone, and both the hypocone and the cingulum had three series of vesicles each. Thin sections revealed that B. cincta possesses stalked pyrenoids and an unusual eyespot consisting of a stack of cisternae with brick-like materials (type E), thus supporting its transfer from Woloszynskia to Biecheleria. Spiny cysts formed spontaneously in culture, with an encystment rate of around 20%. Both large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequences in 12 strains from the Chinese coasts were determined. Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU rDNA and ITS sequences using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood revealed two distinct ribotypes (referred to as ribotype A and B) in B. cincta. ITS region pairwise distances within B. cincta ranged from 0.024 to 0.072, suggesting the existence of a complex of cryptic species.  相似文献   
2.
凤眼莲根对东海原甲藻生长的抑制作用及机制研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
观察凤眼莲Eichhornia crassipes根粉末及丙酮提取物对东海原甲藻Prorocentrum donghaiense生长的影响,比较分析根系丙酮提取物中的化学成分以及不同成分抑藻效果,探讨凤眼莲根对藻类生长的抑制作用及其化学基础。结果显示,1.5g.L-1以上的凤眼莲根粉末可完全抑制东海原甲藻的生长。实际浓度0.019g.L-1的凤眼莲根丙酮提取物对东海原甲藻可产生50%的抑制率。N-苯基-2-萘胺浓度为1mg.L-1时,第6天对东海原甲藻的抑制率超过60%。浓度50μl.L-1时,亚油酸对东海原甲藻的抑制率超过80%。气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)或高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测显示,凤眼莲根丙酮提取物中含有一定量的亚油酸和N-苯基-2-萘胺,同时还有大量的长链脂肪酸如十六酸、9-十六碳烯酸等。结果表明,凤眼莲根可显著抑制东海原甲藻的生长,N-苯基-2-萘胺、亚油酸可能是凤眼莲根抑藻的主要因子。  相似文献   
3.
腹泻性贝毒研究现状   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14  
赤潮已成为当今国际社会共同关注的海洋环境问题中急需解决的涉及全球变化的重要领域之一。有毒、有害赤潮的危害之一是能产生和分泌毒素。这些毒素经贝类和鱼类积累后可通过食物链进入人体,严重危害食用者的健康,甚至威胁生命。误食藻毒素污染的贝类引起人员中毒死亡的事件已不再罕见。近年来对中国沿海部分海区贝类毒素的调查显示,中国双壳贝类已经受到了贝类毒素污染的威胁。  相似文献   
4.
球形棕囊藻溶血毒素对兔红细胞作用的AFM观察   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
溶血性毒素是有毒藻类分泌较多的一类毒素,具有溶血活性。运用光学显微镜和原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了球形棕囊藻Phaeocystis globosa溶血毒素对兔红细胞的溶血现象。结果显示,经毒素处理后的兔血红细胞边缘凹凸不平,只剩下一小部分残骸。该毒素可能由于其双亲性质与血红细胞膜表面的膜脂连接,产生脂溶效应,使细胞膜破坏。  相似文献   
5.
脉冲输入营养盐是陆源输入营养盐的一种方式。用室内模拟脉冲营养盐输入的方法,研究了脉冲营养盐输入对于典型赤潮藻中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)生长的影响。结果发现脉冲输入营养盐对于中肋骨条藻生长有明显的影响,营养盐脉冲输入的频率和中肋骨条藻生长波动的频率相同。每天输入一次营养盐中肋骨条藻出现藻密度峰值的时间要比每5天输入一次营养盐和每10天输入一次营养盐的中肋骨条藻要滞后,而且藻密度峰值也比后两种情况低。对于3种营养盐的吸收速率而言,每10天输入一次营养盐的中肋骨条藻的吸收速率最大,其次是每天输入一次营养盐的中肋骨条藻,最小的是每5天输入一次营养盐的中肋骨条藻;3种营养盐脉冲输入模式下,每5天输入一次营养盐的中肋骨条藻对于N盐和Si盐的营养需求最少。  相似文献   
6.
采用基因工程的方法,进行重组质粒HF443一EGFP的构建和在哺乳动物细胞中的表达,并进行了其用于赤潮毒素检测的可能性研究。结果表明,用PCR技术扩增EGFP基因,用XbaⅠ、Hind Ⅲ双酶切并纯化,与同样双酶切并纯化的HF443质粒连接,可构建重组质粒HF443-EGFP;利用Lipofect AMINE2000转染体外培养哺乳动物BIU-87细胞。在培养体系中加入不同浓度的GTX,而后加入Na^ 通道激活剂乌头碱以诱导绿色荧光蛋白表达,荧光显微镜下观察细胞中绿色荧光蛋白表达的变化情况。细胞发出的荧光随毒素浓度的增加而减弱,存在一定的剂量效应关系,提示毒素GTX可显著影响绿色荧光蛋白的表达,重组质粒:HF443-EGFP用于赤潮霉素检测有一定的可行性.  相似文献   
7.
Phaeoecystis globosa, one of the most widespread marine Haptophytes, is a newly discovered species of algae in China. During the period from the autumn of 1997 to the spring of 1998, a heavy harmful algal bloom (HAB) of P. globosal first occurred in the coastal waters of East China Sea and South China Sea, which caused a great impact on the local aquiculture industry [1, 2]. Since then, this HAB has frequently attacked this area. Alexandrium tamarense can produce paralytic shellfish po…  相似文献   
8.
赤潮期间藻类的化感效应   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
海洋环境条件的变化导致浮游生物(微藻、原生动物或细菌)暴发性增殖或高度聚集使局部水体改变颜色产生赤潮.海洋浮游微藻是引发赤潮的主要生物,在4 000多种浮游微藻中有260多种能形成赤潮,中国沿海的赤潮生物有148种,其中43种曾引发过赤潮.  相似文献   
9.
氮杂螺环酸也称原多甲藻酸,是一种具有独特螺环结构的聚醚类毒素,其对水产品的食品安全和消费者健康威胁极大,因此被双壳软体生物毒素工作组列为常见贝类毒素之一。但迄今人们对有关氮杂螺环酸的致毒机理、分子靶点以及生物毒性等,尚缺乏深入的了解。为推进对该类毒素的研究,本文就氮杂螺环酸的来源、检测方法、毒性及致毒机理以及对贝类生物的影响等进行了综述,并提出了未来需重点关注和解决的问题。  相似文献   
10.
We investigated the allelopathic properties of Alexandrium tamarense (Laboar) Balech on the growth of Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu, Chattonella marina (Subrahmanyan) Hara et Chihara and Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada in a laboratory experiment. We examined the growth of A. tamarense, C. marina, P. donghaiense and H. Akashiwo in co-cultures and the effect of filtrates from A. tamarense cultures in various growth phases, on the three harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming algae. In co-cultures with A. tamarense, both C. marina and H. akashiwo were dramatically suppressed at high cell densities; in contrast, the growth of P. donghaiense varied in different inoculative ratios of A. tamarense and P. donghaiense. When the ratio was 1:1 (P. donghaiense: A. tamarense), growth of P. donghaiense was inhibited considerably, while the growth of P. donghaiense was almost the same as that of the control when the ratio was 9:1. The growth difference of P. donghaiense, C. marina and H. akashiwo when co-cultured with A. tamarense indicated that the allelopathic effect may be one of the important factors in algal competition and phytoplankton succession involving A. tamarense. In addition, the filtrate from A. tamarense culture had negative impacts on these three HAB algae, and such inhibition varied with different growth phases of A. tamarense in parallel with reported values of PSP toxin content in Alexandrium cells. This implied that PSP toxin was possibly involved in allelopathy of A. tamarense. However, the rapid decomposition and inactivation of PSP toxin above pH 7 weakened this possibility. Further studies on the allelochemicals responsible for the allelopathy of A. tamarense need to be carried out in future.  相似文献   
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