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我国北部沿海,大部分海区水质贫瘠,养殖贻贝(Mytilus edulis)单产较低,这给发展贻贝养殖带来某些困难。为了探索这类海区的生产潜力,1977年7月至1978年9月,我们选择山东胶南县(氵贡)口湾泊里公社海带养殖场,作为高产试验田进行试验。多年来,群众在这一海区养殖贻贝产量都较低,亩产仅有3,000—4,000斤(4台架子为1亩,每台50米长)。在进行小面积试验(4亩)的同时,我们亦搞大面积养殖,在45亩海面上,平均亩产净贻贝9,984斤,比原来群众养殖(以4,000斤/亩为基准)增产149.6％。从1977年9月包苗到1978年3月收获,生长期为了个月。试验了不同水层、包苗日期、包苗数量、不同长度的养殖苗绳对增产的关系,对贻贝生长、性腺发育、风浪和水温对产卵的关系,也进行了定期测定和检查。 相似文献
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Gut microorganisms play an important role in the digestion of their host animals. The purpose of this research was to isolate and assess the enzyme-producing microbes from the Apostichopus japonicus gut. Thirty-nine strains that can produce at least one of the three digestive enzymes (protease, amylase, and cellulase) were qualitatively screened based on their extracellular enzyme-producing abilities. The enzyme-producing strains clustered into eight groups at the genetic similarity level of 100% by analyzing the restriction patterns of 16S rDNA amplified with Mbo I. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 37 strains belonged to the genus Bacillus and two were members of the genus Virgibacillus. Enzyme-producing capability results indicate that the main enzyme-producing microflora in the A. japonicus gut was Bacillus, which can produce protease, amylase, and cellulase. Virgibacillus, however, can only produce protease. The high enzyme-producing capability of the isolates suggests that the gut microbiota play an important role in the sea cucumber digestive process. 相似文献
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Several polyculture models of scallop Chlamys farreri and kelp Laminaria japonica currently employedin Sungo Bay and other parts of northern China are described in this paper. Economic benefits of differ-ent polyculture models are analysed based on the growth rate, culture density and market price. In addi-tion, site selection, critical environmental conditions and polyculture problems are discussed in detail. 相似文献
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日本盘鲍×皱纹盘鲍子代杂种优势的RAPD分析 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16
本文通过对日本盘鲍 (D)、皱纹盘鲍 (H)及其二者的正反杂交子代 D♀× H♂ (DH)、D♂× H♀ (HD)四样本的基因组 DNA进行 RAPD标记分析。探讨了杂种优势产生的分子遗传机制。从 4 0个随机引物 (OPK,OPV系列 )中筛选出 12个引物进行扩增 ,共得到 113条清晰稳定的扩增带 ,多态率占 4 3.3%。其中四群体各有其特异扩增位点。另外 D与 DH,H与 HD及 D与 DH,HD等间亦存在共享片段。四群体内相似性指数各自为 0 .798(H)、0 .799(D)、0 .777(HD)、0 .788(DH)。可见正反杂交子代群体内相似性指数皆低于两亲本 ,这表明杂种子代基因组发生的变异更大些。皱纹盘鲍与其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为 0 .0 76 ,0 .0 95,而日本盘鲍与其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为 0 .0 31,0 .0 33,前者明显大于后者 ,这表明杂交子代与两亲本的遗传距离不是对等的 ,而是更偏向日本盘鲍。 相似文献
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The current study explored Aurelia aurita and Rhopilema esculent um consumption by silver pomfret juveniles, as well as their prey selection between the two jellyfi sh species. Silver pomfret juveniles weighing 1±0.1 g actively preyed on both the species. Their daily A. aurita consumption was 11.6 times their own body weights regardless of the size of A. aurita medusae. Their daily R. esculent um consumption was 13, 9.1, 5, and 4.1 times their own body weights when the R. esculentum medusae were 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm in bell diameter, respectively. The survival rates of the R. esculent um were higher than those of the A. aurita. When the R. esculent um medusae were more than 30 mm in bell diameter, their survival rate exceeded 92%. Silver pomfrets serve as a type of potential predators on A. aurita in coastal waters, and they have little infl uence on R. esculent um with a size exceeding 30 mm. Besides, A. aurita may be able to be used as fi sh prey in silver pomfret artifi cial breeding. 相似文献
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生活史不同阶段的海月水母(Aureliasp.1)与海蜇(Rhopilema esculenta)的相互捕食关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用交叉实验和水母体培养的方法,研究了不同生活史阶段的海月水母及海蜇之间的相互捕食关系。海月水母螅状体(口柄直径约为1mm)能够捕食海蜇碟状体及伞径≤8mm的海蜇幼体;海月水母的碟状体只能够捕食海蛰碟状体;伞径100mm的海月水母体能够捕食海蜇碟状体及伞径≤30mm的海蛰幼体。在海蜇对海月水母的捕食实验中发现,伞径≥10mm的海蜇幼体对海月水母的碟状体有捕食行为。通过对两种水母相互捕食关系的研究,笔者认为海月水母捕食海蜇的能力明显强于海蜇捕食海月水母的能力。这或许有助于解释近年来海月水母不断暴发而海蜇资源日渐减少的现象,有助于改进海蜇人工增殖放流措施,提高放流效果。 相似文献
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