排序方式: 共有52条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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提出了一个改进的经验公式,用以计算围垦工程引起的淤泥质海岸多年冲淤演变。该经验公式假定在年时间尺度上,地形变化与潮流场变化具有密切联系。引入了一个冲刷折减系数,将传统公式的适用范围从淤积计算拓展到可以同时计算冲刷和淤积。建立了冲淤率年际变化与水深变化之间的关系式,可节省计算时间。将改进公式应用于江苏沿海小庙洪水道,较好地复演了边滩围垦工程影响下周边地形在3年时间内的演变,表明所改进的公式具有一定的可靠性。 相似文献
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辐射沙脊主要水道的演变特征及其水动力机制研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近四十年来的水下地形资料对比显示:南黄海辐射沙洲区水道普遍存在逐渐向南偏移的趋势(西洋主槽冲深、南延,南翼烂沙洋水道、小庙洪水道向南逼进)。有关辐射沙洲整体南移的原因及机理虽有诸多猜想,但至今没有统一可靠的认识,这种趋势性过程的驱动力成为辐射沙洲区海岸冲淤动态研究及港口建设过程中亟待解决的问题。在恢复黄河北归以来苏北黄河三角洲海岸不同发育阶段的岸线位置和水下地形的基础之上,通过所建立的潮波数学模型,研究了在苏北黄河三角洲不同演变阶段南黄海潮波系统的特征及水动力变化。研究表明,随着岸线后退和水下三角洲的夷平,辐射沙洲地区潮差不断增大;水动力不断加强,而且加强的区域逐渐向南偏移,这种大范围区域性水动力主轴的向南偏移就有可能是导致辐射沙洲整体南移的主导因素之一。 相似文献
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矮堰基础附近冲刷坑的深度是矮堰设计的重要参数,关系到建筑物的稳定与安全。系统回顾了国内外80余年关于矮堰基础冲刷的研究进展,阐述了矮堰基础冲刷的分类和机理,从物理模型试验、理论分析和数值模拟3个方面评述了研究现状和存在的不足。目前矮堰基础冲刷较为成熟的成果多集中于二维矮堰非淹没式清水冲刷方面,以物理模型试验方法为主,对于三维矮堰结构的动床冲刷、非冲积原状土床沙成分组成的影响、行进沙波与冲刷过程的耦合关系、浑水冲刷过程数值模拟技术等问题研究还有待深入。 相似文献
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Numerical Investigation of Flow Motion and Performance of A Horizontal Axis Tidal Turbine Subjected to A Steady Current 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Horizontal axis tidal turbines have attracted more and more attentions nowadays, because of their convenience and low expense in construction and high efficiency in extracting tidal energy. The present study numerically investigates the flow motion and performance of a horizontal axis tidal turbine with a supporting vertical cylinder under steady current. In the numerical model, the continuous equation and incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved, and the volume of fluid method is employed to track free surface motion. The RNG k-ε model is adopted to calculate turbulence transport while the fractional area/volume obstacle representation method is used to describe turbine characteristics and movement. The effects of installation elevation of tidal turbine and inlet velocity on the water elevation, and current velocity, rotating speed and resultant force on turbine are discussed. Based on the comparison of the numerical results, a better understanding of flow structure around horizontal axis tidal turbine and turbine performance is achieved. 相似文献
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Beach profiles characteristics along Giao Thuy and Hai Hau coasts, Vietnam: A field study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giao Thuy and Hai Hau coasts are located in Nam Dinh province, Vietnam, with a total coastline of 54.42 km in length. The sea-dike system has been seriously damaged and there have been many dike breaches which caused floods and losses. This situation is considered of a general representative for coastal area in the northern part of Vietnam. A variety of studies have shown that the gradient in the longshore sediment transport rate and the offshore ?ne sediment lost are the main mechanisms causing the beach erosion. This study presents a field investigation of the beach profiles at Giao Thuy and Hai Hau beaches. Three types of empirical functions for the equilibrium beach profile are applied and compared with the observations. Results show that all observed beach pro?les can be described by a single function. However, one specific equilibrium pro?le equation is not sufficient to assess all beach pro?les. In Section 1 of Giao Thuy and Section 3 of Hai Thinh beaches, beach profiles are consistent with the logarithmic function, while the exponential function fits well in Section 2. This difference is explained with respect to coastal morphology, sediment characteristics and hydrodynamic conditions which vary in site. An analysis of the validity of the beach profile functions is recommended for the numerical modeling and engineering designs in this area. 相似文献
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基于波作用量守恒方程建立了波流共存场中多向随机波浪传播变形数学模型,模型中考虑了波浪绕射的影响和水流引起的波浪弥散多普勒效应,应用包含水流和地形影响的激破波模式计算波浪破碎的能量耗散,采用一阶上迎风有限差分格式离散控制方程。分别计算了有无近岸流情况下单向和多向随机波浪的波高分布,考虑水流影响的数值计算结果与物理模型实验数据吻合良好,比较分析表明,所建立的数学模型能够复演由于离岸流引起的波高增大,可用于波流共存场多向随机波浪传播变形的模拟和预报。 相似文献
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介绍了日本第52回海岸工学讲演会的概况,从海岸灾害、海岸生态环境、波浪与水流、海岸泥沙运动与地形变化、海岸建筑物等5个方面综述了日本海岸工程研究的进展情况。 相似文献
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潮流界变动段的边滩与浅滩演变关联性强,同时受径潮流水动力、供沙来源及人类活动等多重影响,是航道治理与疏浚维护的重点河段。通过对三益桥河段1976—2017年期间河床冲淤、汊道分流比、三益桥边滩及浅滩演变过程的分析,明确三益桥边滩及浅滩演变的驱动机制。2012年以来三益桥边滩12.5 m水深以浅滩体体积为增大态势,大水年份边滩以淤积为主,设计航槽及深槽以冲刷为主,中水年份边滩淤积厚度小于深槽。上游五峰山弯道河势稳定,具有阻隔上游和畅洲河段河势、汊道分流比调整等传递作用,三益桥边滩淤涨(长)与上游和畅洲河段河势及汊道分流比调整的关系不显著,主要与流域来流流量大小及过程、上游河道冲刷供沙等相关。洪季三益桥上浅区碍航程度大于枯季,汛前中水流量(大通水文站流量介于26 000~34 000 m3/s之间)持续天数长的年份碍航程度大于大洪水年份同时期;因此,流量过程决定边滩与浅滩的冲淤分布,中水流量持续时间长短及供沙量大小决定三益桥边滩淤积量及浅滩碍航淤积量。 相似文献