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1.
氨氮胁迫对刺参几种免疫酶活性的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以养殖刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)为研究对象,对不同浓度的氨氮处理及病菌感染条件下刺参体腔液免疫酶的变化进行了测定.结果表明:随着氨氮处理强度的增加,刺参体腔液中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)及溶菌酶(LSZ)活性呈现先升高后降低的趋势,而同时感染病菌的情况下,较低质量浓度的氨氮胁迫可使SOD、GPx、ALP及LSZ活性上升,但在较高浓度氨氮处理时,酶活性的诱导则受到抑制.说明适宜浓度的氨氮处理可增强刺参的免疫力,从而减轻病菌感染对刺参造成的免疫功能损伤和提高刺参抗病力.刺参在感染病原菌假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalte-romonas sp)的条件下,3 mg/L、4 mg/L和6 mg/L浓度的氨氮处理第6天,刺参的累积发病死亡率分别为44.4%、55.6%和72.2%,高于对照组,表明较高浓度的氨氮胁迫能够显著降低刺参的免疫力,增加对病原菌的易感性.因此,在刺参养殖过程中,氨氮浓度的调控具有重要的意义.  相似文献   
2.
中国北方养殖牙鲆的淋巴囊肿病一般发生在水温较低的10~12月,之后随水温的升高肿瘤脱落、出现自愈现象.搞清自愈机理.是有效抑制和减少淋巴囊肿病的重要科学内容.本文研究了不同饲育水温下健康和患淋巴囊肿病牙鲆细胞因子的表达变化,仞步探讨了细胞因子在肿瘤自愈中的作用.通过模拟养殖中的水温变化,采用荧光定量PCR(re-al-time fluorescence quantitative PCR)技术.检测了14,18,22和26℃下牙鲆肝、脾、头肾组织中6种细胞因子(白细胞介素1β(1L-1β)、Mx蛋白(Mx)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、肿瘤坏死因子受体(TNFR)、趋化因子(IL-8)和趋化因子受体(IL-8R))表达变化.结果表明.患病牙鲆肝、脾、头肾组织中的IL-8、IL-8R、Mx、IL-1β、TNF和TNFR-1表达量随温度升高而显著升高;健康牙鲆上述细胞因子的表达基本未出现随温度升高而显著上升的现象.本试验结果响应了养殖水温升高肿瘤脱落的现象,提示上述细胞因子在淋巴囊肿病自愈过程中可能发挥了抗病毒作用.  相似文献   
3.
为了探讨微生物多糖剂量效应在水产动物对不良环境刺激反应中的作用,本研究利用从南极冰海水中分离得到的南极细菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.3-3-1-2产生的胞外多糖,采用注射不同浓度的胞外多糖溶液的方式处理刺参,定期记录其生长状况并测定体腔液免疫相关指标的变化。结果表明,南极细菌胞外多糖处理后的刺参保护率升高,即较高浓度(4mg/mL)的细菌多糖可以有效降低刺参的死亡率。细菌多糖可以降低体腔液中MDA含量,虽然体腔液ACP、CAT和SOD活性在处理前期有所受到抑制,但是试验后期细菌多糖处理明显增强了上述免疫酶活性,以保护细胞免受氧自由基诱导的氧化损伤。处理过程中刺参体腔液的溶菌酶活性降低,但是细菌多糖的处理减弱了溶菌酶活性下降的幅度。此外,与2mg/mL处理组相比,4mg/mL处理组对刺参体腔液免疫酶的促进作用稍弱,但无显著差异。研究结果表明,极地细菌胞外多糖可对刺参产生一定的免疫保护作用,从而提高刺参逆境下的生长活力。  相似文献   
4.
为研究日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeusjaponicus)耐高亚硝酸盐的分子调控机制,利用新一代高通量Illumina测序技术,对日本囊对虾在高亚硝酸盐胁迫下的肝胰腺进行转录组测序,通过对高质量序列的拼接组装以及功能基因的注释和分类,发掘与耐高亚硝酸盐相关性状的候选基因。实验结果表明:①10个文库共获得920785608个净读本,数据量为6.48G~7.34G。②Q30>93.07%。利用 Trinity软件组装后获得 46308条单基因簇,N50为1833bp。③与对照组相比,高亚硝酸盐组分别识别出593、606、1089、497和988个差异表达基因。④对 DEGs进行功能注释,得到与免疫和代谢相关的通路和基因。⑤采用 qPCR 对随机选择的9个差异基因(DPD、ABCH、ProPOb、ACADL、CYP2J、PAT4、BHMT、CLEC 和PEPCK)在高亚硝酸盐胁迫下的表达情况进行检测,其表达量与转录组测序技术(RNASequencing,RNA-seq)趋势一致。本研究结果丰富了对虾cDNA 数据库的信息,为日本囊对虾在高亚硝酸盐胁迫下的分子机制研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   
5.
Immunostimulants may improve disease resistance of aquaculture animals by promoting the nonspecific immunity response of the organisms. Five types of saccharides, including chitosan, yeast polysaccharide, burdock oligosaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide and lentinus edodes polysaccharide, were screened for potential use as immunostimulants by using spectrophotometry. The saccharides were injected into Apostichopus japonicus, a sea cucumber, and the lysozyme and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of the coelomic fluid and epidermal slime were monitored in six consecutive days. The results show that the lysozyme activity of the animal’s coelomic fluid was significantly stimulated on day 2, day 4 and day 6 after the injection of the saccharides (P<0.05). The effects of chitosan and yeast polysaccharide were the most notable. The lysozyme activity of the epidermal slime was significantly increased by chitosana, yeast polysaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide, and burdock oligosaccharide on day 1 and day 2 after the injection (P<0.05). The SOD activity of the coelomic fluid was significantly promoted by the saccharides on day 2 and day 4 post-injection (P<0.05), while the SOD activity of the epidermal slime increased on day 2. These findings indicate that chitosan and yeast polysaccharide are the most effective immunostimulants and potential healthy anti-disease feedstuff for A. japonicus. Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program, No. 2006BAD09A06) and the Special Fund of Chinese Central Government for Basic Scientific Research Operations in Commonweal Research Institutes (No. 02-2007B03)  相似文献   
6.
Lymphocystis disease, caused by the lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV), is a significant worldwide problem in fish industry causing substantial economic losses. In this study, we aimed to develop the DNA vaccine against LCDV, using DNA vaccination technology. We evaluated plasmid pEGFP-N2-LCDV1.3 kb as a DNA vaccine candidate. The plasmid DNA was transiently expressed after liposome transfection into the eukaryotic COS 7 cell line. The distribution and expression of the DNA vaccine (pEGFP-N2-LCDV1.3kb) were also analyzed in tissues of the vaccinated Japanese flounder by PCR, RT-PCR and fluorescent microscopy. Results from PCR analysis indicated that the vaccine-containing plasmids were distributed in injected muscle, the muscle opposite the injection site, the hind intestine, gill, spleen, head, kidney and liver, 6 and 25 days after vaccination. The vaccine plasmids disappeared 100 d post-vaccination. Fluorescent microscopy revealed green fluorescence in the injected muscle, the muscle opposite the injection site, the hind intestine, gill, spleen, head, kidney and liver of fish 48 h post-vaccination, green fluorescence did not appear in the control treated tissue. Green fluorescence became weak at 60 days post-vaccination. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the mcp gene was expressed in all tested tissues of vaccinated fish 6–50 days post-vaccination. These results demonstrate that the antigen encoded by the DNA vaccine is distributed and expressed in all of the tissues analyzed in the vaccinated fish. The antigen would therefore potentially initiate a specific immune response. the plasmid DNA was injected into Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) intramuscularly and antibodies against LCDV were evaluated. The results indicate that the plasmid encoded DNA vaccine could induce an immune response to LCDV and would therefore offer immune protection against LCD. Further studies are required for the development and application of this promising DNA vaccine.  相似文献   
7.
星斑川鲽神经肽Y基因cDNA克隆与表达特性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)是一种单链多肽,被认为是促进脊椎动物摄食的一个重要诱导因子。以星斑川鲽为研究对象,通过SMART-RACE技术得到了星斑川鲽NPY基因的cDNA序列,其长度为559bp,包含13bp的5′非编码区、210bp的开放阅读框和334bp的3′非编码区,该基因编码69个氨基酸,理论分子量为7.98kDa,等电点为5.24。与已知物种神经肽Y进行同源性比对,得知与鲽科黄盖鲽属鱼类的NPY属于一支。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测了神经肽Y在星斑川鲽不同组织中的表达,以及饥饿对该基因在脑组织中的表达影响,Real-time PCR结果显示在性腺、肠、肾、肝、心脏、脑组织中NPY mRNA均有表达,但在表达量上有明显差异,心脏和肾组织相对表达量较少;且随着饥饿时间的增长,NPY在脑组织中表达量逐渐增加,饥饿72h的相对表达量高于饥饿24h的,但差异不显著(P0.05)。本研究可为星斑川鲽的繁殖发育以及遗传育种提供理论基础。  相似文献   
8.
We investigated the distribution of four enzymes involved in the immune response of Apostichopus japonicus. We collected samples of the tentacles, papillate podium, integument, respiratory tree, and digestive tract and stained them for acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), non-specific esterase (NSE) and peroxidase (POD) activity. The distribution and content of ACP, AKP, NSE, and POD differed among the tissues. The coelomic epithelium of the tentacle, papillate podium, and integument and the mucous layer of respiratory tree were positive for ACP activity. The coelomic epithelium and cuticular layer of the tentacle, papillate podium, and integument and the mucous layer and tunica externa of the respiratory tree and digestive tract stained positive or weakly positive for AKP activity. Almost all the epithelial tissues stained positive, strongly positive, or very strongly positive for NSE activity. The cuticular layer of the tentacle and integument and the mucous layer, tunica submucosa, and tunica externa of the respiratory tree and digestive tract stained positive for POD activity. We hypothesize that these enzymes play a role in the immune response in A. japonicus.  相似文献   
9.
海水养殖生物病毒病是世界性难题,淋巴囊肿病毒中国分离株(LCDV-cn)是牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)淋巴囊肿病的病原。以mcp基因为靶基因,设计siRNA-mcp1、siRNA-mcp2、siRNA-mcp3等3条siRNA序列,研究RNA干扰(RNAi)对淋巴囊肿病毒在牙鲆体内复制的影响。结果表明,牙鲆体内注入siRNA-mcp1和siRNA-mcp3后,mcp基因的表达有所下调;统计分析表明,注入siRNA-mcp1后,mcp基因的表达下调明显,具有显著性差异(p<0.05),注入siRNA-mcp2、siRNA-mcp3后,mcp基因的表达下调不明显,差异不显著(p>0.05)。本实验中初步实现了RNAi对LCDV-cn复制的抑制作用。  相似文献   
10.
Immunostimulants may improve disease resistance of aquaculture animals by promoting the nonspecific immunity response of the organisms. Five types of saccharides, including chitosan, yeast polysaccharide, burdock oligosaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide and lentinus edodes polysaccharide, were screened for potential use as immunostimulants by using spectrophotometry. The saccharides were injected into Apostichopus japonicus, a sea cucumber, and the lysozyme and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of the coelomic fluid and epidermal slime were monitored in six consecutive days. The results show that the lysozyme activity of the animal's coelomic fluid was significantly stimulated on day 2, day 4 and day 6 after the injection of the saccharides (P<0.05). The effects of chitosan and yeast polysaccharide were the most notable. The lysozyme activity of the epidermal slime was significantly increased by chitosana, yeast polysaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide, and burdock oligosaccharide on day 1 and day 2 after the injection (P<0.05). The SOD activity of the coelomic fluid was significantly promoted by the saccharides on day 2 and day 4 post-injection (P<0.05), while the SOD activity of the epidermal slime increased on day 2. These findings indicate that chitosan and yeast polysaccharide are the most effective immunostimulants and potential healthy anti-disease feedstuff for A. japonicus.  相似文献   
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